Bio 235 Midterm 1 review Exam
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Describe the levels of cellular organization and state the four types of
specialized cells and tissues - ✔✔cells: muscle cells, neurons, epithelial
cells, and connective tissue cells
tissues:muscle tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue, and connective
tissue.
tissues > organ > organ systems
Name the two fluids that constitute the extracellular fluid. - ✔✔Interstitial
fluid and blood plasma constitute the extracellular fluid,
1
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,What are the relative proportions of ECFs in the body, and how do they
differ from each other in composition? - ✔✔ECF= 1/3 of total body water
Blood plasma = 70-80% of the 1/3
Interstitial fluid = 20=25%
Except for protein concentration and red blood cells in the plasma, the two
fluids are identical in composition.
State the relative volumes of water in the body fluid compartments -
✔✔Intracellular fluid: 2/3 of body water
ECF: 1/3
In other words, two-thirds of total-body water is ICF and one-third is ECF.
In an average 70-kg person, ICF is 28 L, plasma is 3 L, and interstitial fluid
is 11 L.
Generalizations about homeostatic control systems - ✔✔(1) Stability of an
internal environmental
2
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, (2) In negative feedback, a change in the variable being regulated brings
about responses that tend to move the variable in the direction opposite the
original change
(3) Not unchanging, but dynamic
(4) The set point of some variables regulated by homeostatic control
systems can be reset—i.e., physiologically raised or lowered (fluctuations)
(5) It is not always possible for everything to be maintained within a
narrow normal range by homeostatic control systems.
Contrast feedforward and negative feedback. - ✔✔Feedforward regulation
initiates an adaptive response in the body in anticipation of a change in the
environment. Feedforward regulation happens before homeostasis has
been disrupted and helps to minimize fluctuations and speed up the
response.
3
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Describe the levels of cellular organization and state the four types of
specialized cells and tissues - ✔✔cells: muscle cells, neurons, epithelial
cells, and connective tissue cells
tissues:muscle tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue, and connective
tissue.
tissues > organ > organ systems
Name the two fluids that constitute the extracellular fluid. - ✔✔Interstitial
fluid and blood plasma constitute the extracellular fluid,
1
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
,What are the relative proportions of ECFs in the body, and how do they
differ from each other in composition? - ✔✔ECF= 1/3 of total body water
Blood plasma = 70-80% of the 1/3
Interstitial fluid = 20=25%
Except for protein concentration and red blood cells in the plasma, the two
fluids are identical in composition.
State the relative volumes of water in the body fluid compartments -
✔✔Intracellular fluid: 2/3 of body water
ECF: 1/3
In other words, two-thirds of total-body water is ICF and one-third is ECF.
In an average 70-kg person, ICF is 28 L, plasma is 3 L, and interstitial fluid
is 11 L.
Generalizations about homeostatic control systems - ✔✔(1) Stability of an
internal environmental
2
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
, (2) In negative feedback, a change in the variable being regulated brings
about responses that tend to move the variable in the direction opposite the
original change
(3) Not unchanging, but dynamic
(4) The set point of some variables regulated by homeostatic control
systems can be reset—i.e., physiologically raised or lowered (fluctuations)
(5) It is not always possible for everything to be maintained within a
narrow normal range by homeostatic control systems.
Contrast feedforward and negative feedback. - ✔✔Feedforward regulation
initiates an adaptive response in the body in anticipation of a change in the
environment. Feedforward regulation happens before homeostasis has
been disrupted and helps to minimize fluctuations and speed up the
response.
3
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
