BIOL 235 Chapter 21 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What are hemodynamics? - ✔✔The forces involved in circulating blood
throughout the body and on the blood vessels that constitute the major
circulatory routes
What is the tunica interna? - ✔✔forms the inner lining of the blood vessel
and is in direct contact with the blood as it flows through the lumen
What is the lumen of blood vessels? - ✔✔the interior opening of the blood
vessel
What is the endothelium? - ✔✔inner most layer of the tunica interna, thin
layer of flattened cells that lines the inner surface of the entire
cardiovascular system
1
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,What is the basement membrane? - ✔✔second component of the tunica
interna, deep to the endothelium, provides a physical support base for the
epithelial layer, framework of collagen fibers, guides cell movement during
tissue repair of blood vessels
What is the internal elastic lamina? - ✔✔outermost part of the tunica
interna, forms the boundary between the tunica interna and tunica media,
thin sheet of elastic fibers with a variable number of window like openings
giving it the appearance of swiss cheese, facilitate diffusion of materials
through the tunica interna to the tunica media
What is the tunica media? - ✔✔muscular and connective tissue layer that
displays that greatest variation among vessel types
What is vasoconstriction? - ✔✔decrease in the diameter of the lumen,
caused by sympathetic stimulation
What is vasodilation? - ✔✔increase in lumen diameter caused by a lowered
sympathetic output or in the presence of certain chemicals
2
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,What is the external elastic lamina? - ✔✔a network of elastic fibers
separating the tunica media from the tunica externa
What is the tunica externa? - ✔✔the outer covering of a blood vessel
consisting of elastic and collagen fibers, contains numerous nerves and tiny
blood vessels that supply the tissues of the vessel wall
What is the vasa vasorum? - ✔✔supply the walls of larger blood vessels, or
vessels to the vessels, part of the tunica externa
What is compliance? - ✔✔the ability to stretch their walls or expand
without tearing in response to small increase in pressure
What are elastic arteries? - ✔✔largest arteries in the body, ranging from
garden hosed sized aorta and pulmonary trunk to the finger sized branches
of the aorta, vessel walls are relatively thin compared to the total diameter
of the vessel, well defined internal and external elastic laminae, along with
a thick tunica media dominated by elastic fibers
What is the elastic lamellae? - ✔✔thick tunica media dominated by elastic
fibers in the elastic arteries
3
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, What is a pressure reservoir? - ✔✔the stored mechanical energy of elastic
arteries as the stretching of their walls occurs
What are the muscular arteries? - ✔✔medium sized arteries, tunica media
contains more smooth muscle and fewer elastic fibers, e capable of greater
vasoconstriction and vasodilation to adjust the rate of blood flow
What are the distributing arteries? - ✔✔muscular arteries as they continue
to branch and ultimately distribute blood to each of the various organs
What are anastomoses? - ✔✔where vessels unite or interconnect, provide
alternate routes for blood to reach a tissue or organ
What is collateral circulation?? - ✔✔alternative route of blood flow to a
body part through anastomosis
What are the end arteries? - ✔✔arteries that do not anastomose
What are the arterioles? - ✔✔small arteries, abundant microscopic vessels
that regulate the blood flow into the capillary network of the bodies tissue
What is a metarteriole? - ✔✔terminal end of the arteriole which tapers
toward the capillary junction
4
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Answers 100% Pass
What are hemodynamics? - ✔✔The forces involved in circulating blood
throughout the body and on the blood vessels that constitute the major
circulatory routes
What is the tunica interna? - ✔✔forms the inner lining of the blood vessel
and is in direct contact with the blood as it flows through the lumen
What is the lumen of blood vessels? - ✔✔the interior opening of the blood
vessel
What is the endothelium? - ✔✔inner most layer of the tunica interna, thin
layer of flattened cells that lines the inner surface of the entire
cardiovascular system
1
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
,What is the basement membrane? - ✔✔second component of the tunica
interna, deep to the endothelium, provides a physical support base for the
epithelial layer, framework of collagen fibers, guides cell movement during
tissue repair of blood vessels
What is the internal elastic lamina? - ✔✔outermost part of the tunica
interna, forms the boundary between the tunica interna and tunica media,
thin sheet of elastic fibers with a variable number of window like openings
giving it the appearance of swiss cheese, facilitate diffusion of materials
through the tunica interna to the tunica media
What is the tunica media? - ✔✔muscular and connective tissue layer that
displays that greatest variation among vessel types
What is vasoconstriction? - ✔✔decrease in the diameter of the lumen,
caused by sympathetic stimulation
What is vasodilation? - ✔✔increase in lumen diameter caused by a lowered
sympathetic output or in the presence of certain chemicals
2
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
,What is the external elastic lamina? - ✔✔a network of elastic fibers
separating the tunica media from the tunica externa
What is the tunica externa? - ✔✔the outer covering of a blood vessel
consisting of elastic and collagen fibers, contains numerous nerves and tiny
blood vessels that supply the tissues of the vessel wall
What is the vasa vasorum? - ✔✔supply the walls of larger blood vessels, or
vessels to the vessels, part of the tunica externa
What is compliance? - ✔✔the ability to stretch their walls or expand
without tearing in response to small increase in pressure
What are elastic arteries? - ✔✔largest arteries in the body, ranging from
garden hosed sized aorta and pulmonary trunk to the finger sized branches
of the aorta, vessel walls are relatively thin compared to the total diameter
of the vessel, well defined internal and external elastic laminae, along with
a thick tunica media dominated by elastic fibers
What is the elastic lamellae? - ✔✔thick tunica media dominated by elastic
fibers in the elastic arteries
3
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
, What is a pressure reservoir? - ✔✔the stored mechanical energy of elastic
arteries as the stretching of their walls occurs
What are the muscular arteries? - ✔✔medium sized arteries, tunica media
contains more smooth muscle and fewer elastic fibers, e capable of greater
vasoconstriction and vasodilation to adjust the rate of blood flow
What are the distributing arteries? - ✔✔muscular arteries as they continue
to branch and ultimately distribute blood to each of the various organs
What are anastomoses? - ✔✔where vessels unite or interconnect, provide
alternate routes for blood to reach a tissue or organ
What is collateral circulation?? - ✔✔alternative route of blood flow to a
body part through anastomosis
What are the end arteries? - ✔✔arteries that do not anastomose
What are the arterioles? - ✔✔small arteries, abundant microscopic vessels
that regulate the blood flow into the capillary network of the bodies tissue
What is a metarteriole? - ✔✔terminal end of the arteriole which tapers
toward the capillary junction
4
100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights
