TestmBankmFormBrockmBiologymofmMicroorganismsm15thmEditionmBymMichaelmT.mMadigan
BrockmBiologymofmMicroorganisms,m15em(Madiganmetmal.
)mChapterm1m ThemMicrobialmWorld
1.1 MultiplemChoicemQuestions
1) WhichmofmthemfollowingmstatementsmismFALSE?
A) Microbialmcellsmcanmexistmasmsinglemcells.
B) Microbialmcellsmcarrymoutmtheirmlifemprocessesmofmgrowthmindependently.
C) Microbialmcellsmincludembothmbacteriamandmviruses.
D) Microbialmcellsmaremsurroundedmbymamplasmammembrane.
2) Whichmofmthemfollowingmstatementsmismcorrect?
A) MicroorganismsmaremsignificantmcontributorsmtomthemtotalmbiomassmonmEarth.
B) MicroorganismsmrepresentmammuchmsmallermamountmofmEarth’smbiomassmthanmplants.
C) MicroorganismsmrepresentmammuchmsmallermamountmofmEarth’smbiomassmthanmanimals.
D) Microorganismsmaremsignificantminmnumber,mbutmnotminmoverallmbiomass.
3) Differentialmselectionmandmreproductionmofmphenotypesmoccursmduringmamprocessmcalled
A) cellularmdifferentiation.
B) evolution.
C) growth.
D) transformation.
4) Inmwhat/whichmdomain(s)mofmlifemis/aremmicroorganismsmrepresented?
A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Eukarya
D) Archaea,mBacteria,mandmEukarya
5) Biologicalmcatalystsminvolvedminmthemaccelerationmofmthemratemofmchemicalmreactionsmaremcalled
A) catalyticmconverters.
B) growthmagents.
C) evolutionarymmolecules.
D) enzymes.
6) RegardingmearlymlifemonmEarth
A) microbialmlifemexistedmformbillionsmofmyearsmbeforemplantmandmanimalmlife.
B) microbialmlifemexistedmlongmbeforemanimalsmbutmhasmbeenmaroundmformaboutmthemsamemamountmofmtimemasmplants.
C) microbialmlife,mplantmlife,mandmanimalmlifemallmappearedmatmaboutmthemsamemtime.
D) itmismimpossiblemtomdeterminemwhichmtypemofmlifemfirstmappeared.
,7) Thempersonmwhomdescribedmthem“weemanimalcules”mwas
A) RobertmHooke.
B) AntonimvanmLeeuwenhoek.
C) LouismPasteur.
D) FerdinandmCohn.
ChaptermSection:m 1.5
8) WalthermHessemand pioneeredmthemusemofmagarmasmamsolidifyingmagent.
A) LouismPasteur
B) FerdinandmCohn
C) RobertmKoch
D) SergeimWinogradsky
0
9) Whichmofmthemfollowingmis/aremcharacteristicmofmallmcellularmorganisms?
A) communication
B) evolution
C) motility
D) communication,mevolution,mandmmotility
10) DeducemwhymvirusesmaremexcludedmfrommthemribosomalmRNA—basedmtreemofmlife.
A) SomemvirusesmcontainmmultiplemstrandsmofmRNA.
B) Theirmgeneticmelementsmcannotmbemsequenced.
C) Theymcanminfectmothermorganisms,mwhichmcomplicatesmthemgeneticmcomparisons.
D) TheymlackmribosomalmRNAm(rRNA).
3
11) LouismPasteurmdevelopedmthemvaccine(s)mfor
A) anthraxmonly.
B) fowlmcholeramonly.
C) rabiesmonly.
D) anthrax,mfowlmcholera,mandmrabies.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
12) Themdiscoverymofmantibioticsmandmothermimportantmchemicalsmledmtomthemfieldmof
A) industrialmmicrobiology.
B) agriculturalmmicrobiology.
C) marinemmicrobiology.
D) aquaticmmicrobiology.
13) Microbialmsterilizationmismusedmto
A) decreasemthempossibilitymofmcontaminantsmgrowingminmamculture.
B) killmbacteriambutmnotmnecessarilymvirusesmormothermmicrobes.
C) killmallmmicrobesminmormonmobjects.
D) cleanmamworkmarea.
,ChaptermSection:m 1.9
14) Transparentmdouble-sidedmdishesmusedmformgrowingmmicrobesmaremmostmcommonlymcalled
A) Petrimdishes.
B) bakermdishes.
C) sterilizationmplates.
D) culturemmediummplates.
0
15) Microbesmplayingmamroleminmnitrogenmfixationminmplantsmlivemin
,mwhilemthosemplayingmamroleminmthemdigestivemtractmofmcertainmherbivoresmlivemin .
A) rumensm/mnodules
B) nodulesm/mrumens
C) nodulesm/mfortrans
D) fortransm/mrumens
16) WhichmofmthemfollowingmismNOTmanmaccomplishmentmofmLouismPasteur?
A) determinedmthatmthemalcohol-
makingmprocessmwasmmediatedmbymmicrobialmfermentationmandmthusmrefutedmthemtheorymofmspontaneousmgeneration
B) developedmenrichmentmculturemtechniques
C) developedmheatmsterilizationmtechniquesmthatminvolvedmthemcreationmofmamspecializedmswan-neckedmflask
D) developedmthemfirstmrabiesmvaccinemandmtreatedmthousandsmofmindividuals
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
17) Themtheorymofmspontaneousmgenerationmwasmrefutedmbymthemworkmof
A) LouismPasteur.
B) RobertmKoch.
C) RobertmHooke.
D) AntonimvanmLeeuwenhoek.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
18) AmPasteurmflaskmhasma(n)
A) swanmneckmtompreventmparticulatemmattermfrommgettingmintomthemmainmbodymofmthemflask.
B) doublemneckmsomtwomsubstancesmmaymbemaddedmatmthemsamemtime.
C) secondarymopeningmatmthembasemtomallowmformdrainage.
D) invertedmuppermedgemtompreventmspillagemwhilemswirling.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
19) PredictmhowmPasteur’smconclusionsmonmspontaneousmgenerationmwithmswanmflasksmwouldmhavemchangedmifmhemworkedmw
ithmandmmaintainedmthemflasksminmamsterilemlaminarmflowmhood.
A) Sterilizationmofmthemswanmflaskmsolutionsmwouldmnotmhavembeenmnecessarymtomrejectmspontaneousmgeneration.mIfmhemdidm
sterilizemthemflasks,mthemspontaneousmgenerationmhypothesismwouldmhavembeenmsupported.
B) Hismincubationmtimesmwouldmnotmhavembeenmsufficientmtomrefutemspontaneousmgeneration.
C) Pasteur’smflasksmnevermwouldmhavemputrefied,mandmthemexperimentmwouldmnotmhavemrefutedmspontaneousmgeneration.
D) Virusesmwouldmhavemstillmbeenmpresent,mandmhismconclusionmwouldmhavembeenmunchanged.
, ChaptermSection:m 1.9
20) Ampuremculture
A) ismsterile.
B) ismampopulationmofmidenticalmcells.
C) ismmademofmamclearlymdefinedmchemicalmmedium.
D) containsmonemmicrobialmcell.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
21) MartinusmBeijerinckmwasmthemfirstmtomisolate
A) greenmalgae.
B) certainmnitrogen-fixingmrootmnodulembacteria.
C) certainmsulfate-reducingmbacteria.
D) greenmalgae,mcertainmnitrogen-fixingmrootmnodulembacteria,mandmcertainmsulfate-reducingmbacteria.
1
22) Chemolithotrophyminvolves
A) oxidationmofmorganicmcompounds.
B) oxidationmofminorganicmcompounds.
C) reductionmofmorganicmcompounds.
D) metabolicmautotrophy.
1
23) Developmentsminmthemfieldsmofmimmunologymandmmedicalmmicrobiologymwerempracticalmextensionsmofmthemworkmof
A) SergeimWinogradsky.
B) AntonimvanmLeeuwenhoek.
C) JosephmLister.
D) RobertmKoch.
0
24) Microbialmcontrolminmwastewatersmwouldmmostmlogicallymbemampartmof
A) microbialmgenetics.
B) aquaticmmicrobiology.
C) medicalmmicrobiology.
D) bacterialmenergetics.
25) RobertmKochmcontributedmtomthemfieldmofmmicrobiologymbymbeingmthemfirstmpersonmto
A) developmthemtuberculinmtestmonly.
B) formulatemfourmpostulatesmformdefinitivelymlinkingmamspecificmmicroorganismmtomamspecificmdiseasemonly.
C) usemagarmasmamsolidifyingmagentminmgrowthmmediamonly.
D) developmthemtuberculinmtest,mformulatemfourmpostulatesmformdefinitivelymlinkingmamsp
ecificmmicroorganismmtomamspecificmdisease,mandmusemagarmasmamsolidifyingmagentminmgro
wthmmedia.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
26) Mycobacteriummtuberculosismismverymdifficultmtomstainmbecausemofmthe
A) presencemofmribosomesminmthemcytoplasm.
B) locationmofmthemDNAmwithinmthemcell.
C) largemamountsmofmamwaxlikemlipidsmpresentminmitsmcellmwall.
D) lackmofmamcellmwall.
BrockmBiologymofmMicroorganisms,m15em(Madiganmetmal.
)mChapterm1m ThemMicrobialmWorld
1.1 MultiplemChoicemQuestions
1) WhichmofmthemfollowingmstatementsmismFALSE?
A) Microbialmcellsmcanmexistmasmsinglemcells.
B) Microbialmcellsmcarrymoutmtheirmlifemprocessesmofmgrowthmindependently.
C) Microbialmcellsmincludembothmbacteriamandmviruses.
D) Microbialmcellsmaremsurroundedmbymamplasmammembrane.
2) Whichmofmthemfollowingmstatementsmismcorrect?
A) MicroorganismsmaremsignificantmcontributorsmtomthemtotalmbiomassmonmEarth.
B) MicroorganismsmrepresentmammuchmsmallermamountmofmEarth’smbiomassmthanmplants.
C) MicroorganismsmrepresentmammuchmsmallermamountmofmEarth’smbiomassmthanmanimals.
D) Microorganismsmaremsignificantminmnumber,mbutmnotminmoverallmbiomass.
3) Differentialmselectionmandmreproductionmofmphenotypesmoccursmduringmamprocessmcalled
A) cellularmdifferentiation.
B) evolution.
C) growth.
D) transformation.
4) Inmwhat/whichmdomain(s)mofmlifemis/aremmicroorganismsmrepresented?
A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Eukarya
D) Archaea,mBacteria,mandmEukarya
5) Biologicalmcatalystsminvolvedminmthemaccelerationmofmthemratemofmchemicalmreactionsmaremcalled
A) catalyticmconverters.
B) growthmagents.
C) evolutionarymmolecules.
D) enzymes.
6) RegardingmearlymlifemonmEarth
A) microbialmlifemexistedmformbillionsmofmyearsmbeforemplantmandmanimalmlife.
B) microbialmlifemexistedmlongmbeforemanimalsmbutmhasmbeenmaroundmformaboutmthemsamemamountmofmtimemasmplants.
C) microbialmlife,mplantmlife,mandmanimalmlifemallmappearedmatmaboutmthemsamemtime.
D) itmismimpossiblemtomdeterminemwhichmtypemofmlifemfirstmappeared.
,7) Thempersonmwhomdescribedmthem“weemanimalcules”mwas
A) RobertmHooke.
B) AntonimvanmLeeuwenhoek.
C) LouismPasteur.
D) FerdinandmCohn.
ChaptermSection:m 1.5
8) WalthermHessemand pioneeredmthemusemofmagarmasmamsolidifyingmagent.
A) LouismPasteur
B) FerdinandmCohn
C) RobertmKoch
D) SergeimWinogradsky
0
9) Whichmofmthemfollowingmis/aremcharacteristicmofmallmcellularmorganisms?
A) communication
B) evolution
C) motility
D) communication,mevolution,mandmmotility
10) DeducemwhymvirusesmaremexcludedmfrommthemribosomalmRNA—basedmtreemofmlife.
A) SomemvirusesmcontainmmultiplemstrandsmofmRNA.
B) Theirmgeneticmelementsmcannotmbemsequenced.
C) Theymcanminfectmothermorganisms,mwhichmcomplicatesmthemgeneticmcomparisons.
D) TheymlackmribosomalmRNAm(rRNA).
3
11) LouismPasteurmdevelopedmthemvaccine(s)mfor
A) anthraxmonly.
B) fowlmcholeramonly.
C) rabiesmonly.
D) anthrax,mfowlmcholera,mandmrabies.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
12) Themdiscoverymofmantibioticsmandmothermimportantmchemicalsmledmtomthemfieldmof
A) industrialmmicrobiology.
B) agriculturalmmicrobiology.
C) marinemmicrobiology.
D) aquaticmmicrobiology.
13) Microbialmsterilizationmismusedmto
A) decreasemthempossibilitymofmcontaminantsmgrowingminmamculture.
B) killmbacteriambutmnotmnecessarilymvirusesmormothermmicrobes.
C) killmallmmicrobesminmormonmobjects.
D) cleanmamworkmarea.
,ChaptermSection:m 1.9
14) Transparentmdouble-sidedmdishesmusedmformgrowingmmicrobesmaremmostmcommonlymcalled
A) Petrimdishes.
B) bakermdishes.
C) sterilizationmplates.
D) culturemmediummplates.
0
15) Microbesmplayingmamroleminmnitrogenmfixationminmplantsmlivemin
,mwhilemthosemplayingmamroleminmthemdigestivemtractmofmcertainmherbivoresmlivemin .
A) rumensm/mnodules
B) nodulesm/mrumens
C) nodulesm/mfortrans
D) fortransm/mrumens
16) WhichmofmthemfollowingmismNOTmanmaccomplishmentmofmLouismPasteur?
A) determinedmthatmthemalcohol-
makingmprocessmwasmmediatedmbymmicrobialmfermentationmandmthusmrefutedmthemtheorymofmspontaneousmgeneration
B) developedmenrichmentmculturemtechniques
C) developedmheatmsterilizationmtechniquesmthatminvolvedmthemcreationmofmamspecializedmswan-neckedmflask
D) developedmthemfirstmrabiesmvaccinemandmtreatedmthousandsmofmindividuals
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
17) Themtheorymofmspontaneousmgenerationmwasmrefutedmbymthemworkmof
A) LouismPasteur.
B) RobertmKoch.
C) RobertmHooke.
D) AntonimvanmLeeuwenhoek.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
18) AmPasteurmflaskmhasma(n)
A) swanmneckmtompreventmparticulatemmattermfrommgettingmintomthemmainmbodymofmthemflask.
B) doublemneckmsomtwomsubstancesmmaymbemaddedmatmthemsamemtime.
C) secondarymopeningmatmthembasemtomallowmformdrainage.
D) invertedmuppermedgemtompreventmspillagemwhilemswirling.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
19) PredictmhowmPasteur’smconclusionsmonmspontaneousmgenerationmwithmswanmflasksmwouldmhavemchangedmifmhemworkedmw
ithmandmmaintainedmthemflasksminmamsterilemlaminarmflowmhood.
A) Sterilizationmofmthemswanmflaskmsolutionsmwouldmnotmhavembeenmnecessarymtomrejectmspontaneousmgeneration.mIfmhemdidm
sterilizemthemflasks,mthemspontaneousmgenerationmhypothesismwouldmhavembeenmsupported.
B) Hismincubationmtimesmwouldmnotmhavembeenmsufficientmtomrefutemspontaneousmgeneration.
C) Pasteur’smflasksmnevermwouldmhavemputrefied,mandmthemexperimentmwouldmnotmhavemrefutedmspontaneousmgeneration.
D) Virusesmwouldmhavemstillmbeenmpresent,mandmhismconclusionmwouldmhavembeenmunchanged.
, ChaptermSection:m 1.9
20) Ampuremculture
A) ismsterile.
B) ismampopulationmofmidenticalmcells.
C) ismmademofmamclearlymdefinedmchemicalmmedium.
D) containsmonemmicrobialmcell.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
21) MartinusmBeijerinckmwasmthemfirstmtomisolate
A) greenmalgae.
B) certainmnitrogen-fixingmrootmnodulembacteria.
C) certainmsulfate-reducingmbacteria.
D) greenmalgae,mcertainmnitrogen-fixingmrootmnodulembacteria,mandmcertainmsulfate-reducingmbacteria.
1
22) Chemolithotrophyminvolves
A) oxidationmofmorganicmcompounds.
B) oxidationmofminorganicmcompounds.
C) reductionmofmorganicmcompounds.
D) metabolicmautotrophy.
1
23) Developmentsminmthemfieldsmofmimmunologymandmmedicalmmicrobiologymwerempracticalmextensionsmofmthemworkmof
A) SergeimWinogradsky.
B) AntonimvanmLeeuwenhoek.
C) JosephmLister.
D) RobertmKoch.
0
24) Microbialmcontrolminmwastewatersmwouldmmostmlogicallymbemampartmof
A) microbialmgenetics.
B) aquaticmmicrobiology.
C) medicalmmicrobiology.
D) bacterialmenergetics.
25) RobertmKochmcontributedmtomthemfieldmofmmicrobiologymbymbeingmthemfirstmpersonmto
A) developmthemtuberculinmtestmonly.
B) formulatemfourmpostulatesmformdefinitivelymlinkingmamspecificmmicroorganismmtomamspecificmdiseasemonly.
C) usemagarmasmamsolidifyingmagentminmgrowthmmediamonly.
D) developmthemtuberculinmtest,mformulatemfourmpostulatesmformdefinitivelymlinkingmamsp
ecificmmicroorganismmtomamspecificmdisease,mandmusemagarmasmamsolidifyingmagentminmgro
wthmmedia.
ChaptermSection:m 1.9
26) Mycobacteriummtuberculosismismverymdifficultmtomstainmbecausemofmthe
A) presencemofmribosomesminmthemcytoplasm.
B) locationmofmthemDNAmwithinmthemcell.
C) largemamountsmofmamwaxlikemlipidsmpresentminmitsmcellmwall.
D) lackmofmamcellmwall.
