Nsg 552 psychopharmacology Exam 1-3 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
The study of the use of psychotropic medications in the treatment of
psychiatric disorders: - CORRECT ANSWER Psychopharmacology
The study of what the body does to drugs: - CORRECT ANSWER
Pharmacokinetics
The study of what the drugs does to the body: - CORRECT ANSWER
Pharmacodynamics
Involves the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of
meds: - CORRECT ANSWER First Pass Metabolism (C.Y.P. 450)
Increase serum levels of other drugs that are substrates of that
enzyme: - CORRECT ANSWER Enzyme inhibitors will slow down
metabolism causing toxic levels
Decreases serum levels of other drugs that are substrates of that
enzyme: - CORRECT ANSWER Enzyme inducers cause fast
metabolism and create subtherapeutic drug levels
Part of the brain that regulates powerful emotions such as fear, rage,
sexual desires: - CORRECT ANSWER Amygdala
The relay station for sensory information: - CORRECT ANSWER
Thalamus
Essential for maintaining homeostasis, controls basic needs such as
sleep- wake cycles: - CORRECT ANSWER Hypothalamus
,This lobe is involved in executive functioning, high order planning,
speech and motivation: - CORRECT ANSWER Frontal Lobe/ Prefrontal
cortex
Derived from Tryptophan and made in the Ralphe Nuclei: - CORRECT
ANSWER Serotonin
Made in the Locus Ceruleus and involved in the noradrenergic
pathways: - CORRECT ANSWER Norepinephrine
90% of serotonin receptors are found in the: - CORRECT ANSWER GI
tract
Produced in the V.T.A. (Reward Pathway) and involved in the four
major pathways: - CORRECT ANSWER Dopamine
Dopamine inhibits prolactin in this pathway: - CORRECT ANSWER
Tuberoinfundibular
Increase dopamine in this pathway is associated with positive
symptoms: - CORRECT ANSWER Mesolimbic Pathway
Decrease dopamine in this pathway is associated with negative
symptoms: - CORRECT ANSWER Mesocortical Pathway
Decrease dopamine in this pathway produces motor symptoms: -
CORRECT ANSWER Nigrostriatal Pathway
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter that induces calmness and relaxation:
- CORRECT ANSWER Gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA), Off switch
Main excitatory neurotransmitter: - CORRECT ANSWER Glutamate,
On Switch
Major organ that breaks down drugs in the body: - CORRECT ANSWER
Liver
,Electrolyte imbalance commonly associated with psychotropic
medication use: - CORRECT ANSWER Hyponatremia
The time needed to clear 50% if drugs from the plasma: - CORRECT
ANSWER Half-life
The process of becoming desensitized and less responsive to a
particular medication dose overtime necessitating an increase: -
CORRECT ANSWER Tolerance
A ration describing toxic dose to effective dose: - CORRECT ANSWER
Therapeutic Index
A chemical that binds to a receptor to produce a biologic response: -
CORRECT ANSWER Agonist
A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not fully activate the
receptor: - CORRECT ANSWER Partial Agonist
A chemical that binds to a receptor, blocking it to inhibit a biologic
response: - CORRECT ANSWER Antagonist
An agent that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces an
opposite biological response: - CORRECT ANSWER Inverse Agonist
A usually undesired but foreseeable effect that occurs regardless of
dose and often resolves after continued therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER
Side Effects
S/S opposite of what it was meant to treat: - CORRECT ANSWER
Paradoxical Reaction
The four main dopamine pathways: - CORRECT ANSWER Mesolimbic,
mesocortical, nigrostriatal, tuberoinfundibular
Symptoms of Schizophrenia are divided into BLANK and BLANK: -
CORRECT ANSWER positive and negative symptoms
, True or False: Antipsychotic polypharmacy can increase the risk of re-
hospitalization, diabetes, E.P.S., sedation, seizures, metabolic effects,
mortality, and sudden cardiac death: - CORRECT ANSWER True
Alogia, Anhedonia, Avolition and cognitive symptoms: - CORRECT
ANSWER Negative symptoms
Delusions, hallucinations, hostility, grandiosity: - CORRECT ANSWER
positive symptoms
Another name for 1st generation antipsychotics: - CORRECT ANSWER
Typical
Another name for 2nd generation antipsychotics: - CORRECT ANSWER
Atypical
First line treatment for Schizophrenia: - CORRECT ANSWER Atypical
This class is associated with fewer neurological side effects and
effective for both positive and negative symptoms: - CORRECT
ANSWER Atypical
This class is effective for only positive symptoms and can in fact
worsen negative symptoms due to decrease DA in the Mesocortical
pathway: - CORRECT ANSWER Typical
Associated with metabolic side effects: - CORRECT ANSWER
Atypical
What are the metabolic side effects associated with Atypical
Antipsychotics: - CORRECT ANSWER Weight gain, Hyperlipidemia,
diabetes, hypertension, cardiac and respiratory side effects.
Includes medications such as Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine,
Fluphenazine, Perphenazine: - CORRECT ANSWER Typical
Medications for acute agitation or psychosis: - CORRECT ANSWER
Haldol
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
The study of the use of psychotropic medications in the treatment of
psychiatric disorders: - CORRECT ANSWER Psychopharmacology
The study of what the body does to drugs: - CORRECT ANSWER
Pharmacokinetics
The study of what the drugs does to the body: - CORRECT ANSWER
Pharmacodynamics
Involves the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of
meds: - CORRECT ANSWER First Pass Metabolism (C.Y.P. 450)
Increase serum levels of other drugs that are substrates of that
enzyme: - CORRECT ANSWER Enzyme inhibitors will slow down
metabolism causing toxic levels
Decreases serum levels of other drugs that are substrates of that
enzyme: - CORRECT ANSWER Enzyme inducers cause fast
metabolism and create subtherapeutic drug levels
Part of the brain that regulates powerful emotions such as fear, rage,
sexual desires: - CORRECT ANSWER Amygdala
The relay station for sensory information: - CORRECT ANSWER
Thalamus
Essential for maintaining homeostasis, controls basic needs such as
sleep- wake cycles: - CORRECT ANSWER Hypothalamus
,This lobe is involved in executive functioning, high order planning,
speech and motivation: - CORRECT ANSWER Frontal Lobe/ Prefrontal
cortex
Derived from Tryptophan and made in the Ralphe Nuclei: - CORRECT
ANSWER Serotonin
Made in the Locus Ceruleus and involved in the noradrenergic
pathways: - CORRECT ANSWER Norepinephrine
90% of serotonin receptors are found in the: - CORRECT ANSWER GI
tract
Produced in the V.T.A. (Reward Pathway) and involved in the four
major pathways: - CORRECT ANSWER Dopamine
Dopamine inhibits prolactin in this pathway: - CORRECT ANSWER
Tuberoinfundibular
Increase dopamine in this pathway is associated with positive
symptoms: - CORRECT ANSWER Mesolimbic Pathway
Decrease dopamine in this pathway is associated with negative
symptoms: - CORRECT ANSWER Mesocortical Pathway
Decrease dopamine in this pathway produces motor symptoms: -
CORRECT ANSWER Nigrostriatal Pathway
Main inhibitory neurotransmitter that induces calmness and relaxation:
- CORRECT ANSWER Gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA), Off switch
Main excitatory neurotransmitter: - CORRECT ANSWER Glutamate,
On Switch
Major organ that breaks down drugs in the body: - CORRECT ANSWER
Liver
,Electrolyte imbalance commonly associated with psychotropic
medication use: - CORRECT ANSWER Hyponatremia
The time needed to clear 50% if drugs from the plasma: - CORRECT
ANSWER Half-life
The process of becoming desensitized and less responsive to a
particular medication dose overtime necessitating an increase: -
CORRECT ANSWER Tolerance
A ration describing toxic dose to effective dose: - CORRECT ANSWER
Therapeutic Index
A chemical that binds to a receptor to produce a biologic response: -
CORRECT ANSWER Agonist
A chemical that binds to a receptor but does not fully activate the
receptor: - CORRECT ANSWER Partial Agonist
A chemical that binds to a receptor, blocking it to inhibit a biologic
response: - CORRECT ANSWER Antagonist
An agent that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces an
opposite biological response: - CORRECT ANSWER Inverse Agonist
A usually undesired but foreseeable effect that occurs regardless of
dose and often resolves after continued therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER
Side Effects
S/S opposite of what it was meant to treat: - CORRECT ANSWER
Paradoxical Reaction
The four main dopamine pathways: - CORRECT ANSWER Mesolimbic,
mesocortical, nigrostriatal, tuberoinfundibular
Symptoms of Schizophrenia are divided into BLANK and BLANK: -
CORRECT ANSWER positive and negative symptoms
, True or False: Antipsychotic polypharmacy can increase the risk of re-
hospitalization, diabetes, E.P.S., sedation, seizures, metabolic effects,
mortality, and sudden cardiac death: - CORRECT ANSWER True
Alogia, Anhedonia, Avolition and cognitive symptoms: - CORRECT
ANSWER Negative symptoms
Delusions, hallucinations, hostility, grandiosity: - CORRECT ANSWER
positive symptoms
Another name for 1st generation antipsychotics: - CORRECT ANSWER
Typical
Another name for 2nd generation antipsychotics: - CORRECT ANSWER
Atypical
First line treatment for Schizophrenia: - CORRECT ANSWER Atypical
This class is associated with fewer neurological side effects and
effective for both positive and negative symptoms: - CORRECT
ANSWER Atypical
This class is effective for only positive symptoms and can in fact
worsen negative symptoms due to decrease DA in the Mesocortical
pathway: - CORRECT ANSWER Typical
Associated with metabolic side effects: - CORRECT ANSWER
Atypical
What are the metabolic side effects associated with Atypical
Antipsychotics: - CORRECT ANSWER Weight gain, Hyperlipidemia,
diabetes, hypertension, cardiac and respiratory side effects.
Includes medications such as Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine,
Fluphenazine, Perphenazine: - CORRECT ANSWER Typical
Medications for acute agitation or psychosis: - CORRECT ANSWER
Haldol
