FULL TEST BANK FOR
EGAN'S FUNDAMENTALS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 11TH EDITION
BY ROBERT M. KACMAREK, JAMES K. STOLLER & ALBERT J. HEUER
ALL CHAPTERS 1-56| 7 UNITS| LATEST VERSION WITH DETAILED AND VERIFIED ANSWERS| GRADE A+
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE ..............................................4
CHAPTER 01 : HISTORY OF RESPIRATORY CARE ........................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 02 : DELIVERING EVIDENCE-BASED RESPIRATORY CARE......................................................... 19
CHAPTER 03 : QUALITY, PATIENT SAFETY, AND COMMUNICATION, AND RECORDKEEPING ................. 30
CHAPTER 04 : PRINCIPLES OF INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL ................................................ 52
CHAPTER 05 : ETHICAL AND LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF PRACTICE .......................................................... 68
CHAPTER 06: PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES OF RESPIRATORY CARE .................................................................. 86
CHAPTER 07: E-MEDICINE IN RESPIRATORY CARE ................................................................................ 126
CHAPTER 08: FUNDAMENTALS OF RESPIRATORY CARE RESEARCH ..................................................... 138
PART II: APPLIED ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY .......................................... 143
CHAPTER 09: THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 143
CHAPTER 10: THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ..................................................................................... 199
CHAPTER 11: VENTILATION................................................................................................................... 228
CHAPTER 12 : GAS EXCHANGE AND TRANSPORT ................................................................................. 262
CHAPTER 13: SOLUTIONS, BODY FLUIDS, AND ELECTROLYTES............................................................. 303
CHAPTER 14: ACID-BASE BALANCE ....................................................................................................... 345
CHAPTER 15: REGULATION OF BREATHING .......................................................................................... 393
PART III: ASSESSMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISORDERS ............................... 417
CHAPTER 16: BEDSIDE ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENT ......................................................................... 417
CHAPTER 17: INTERPRETING CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DATA ........................................................ 461
CHAPTER 18: INTERPRETING THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM ................................................................... 477
CHAPTER 19: ANALYSIS AND MONITORING OF GAS EXCHANGE .......................................................... 490
CHAPTER 20: PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING .................................................................................. 560
CHAPTER 21: REVIEW OF THORACIC IMAGING .................................................................................... 595
CHAPTER 22: FLEXIBLE BRONCHOSCOPY AND THE RESPIRATORY THERAPIST ..................................... 616
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 3
CHAPTER 23: NUTRITION ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................ 627
PART IV: REVIEW OF CARDIOPULMONARY DISEASE ................................... 647
CHAPTER 24: PULMONARY INFECTIONS ............................................................................................... 647
CHAPTER 25: OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD),
ASTHMA, AND RELATED DISEASES........................................................................................................ 673
CHAPTER 26 : INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE .......................................................................................... 708
CHAPTER 27: PLEURAL DISEASES .......................................................................................................... 729
CHAPTER 28: PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASE ................................................................................... 749
CHAPTER 29: ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME ................................................................... 775
CHAPTER 30: RESPIRATORY MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMA, OBESITY, NEAR DROWNING, AND BURNS 788
CHAPTER 31: LUNG CANCER ................................................................................................................. 801
CHAPTER 32 : NEUROMUSCULAR AND OTHER DISEASES OF THE CHEST WALL ................................... 817
CHAPTER 33 : DISORDERS OF SLEEP ..................................................................................................... 837
CHAPTER 34: NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY DISORDERS .................................................. 855
PART V: BASIC THERAPEUTICS .................................................................... 897
CHAPTER 35: AIRWAY PHARMACOLOGY .............................................................................................. 897
CHAPTER 36: AIRWAY MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................. 928
CHAPTER 37: EMERGENCY CARDIOVASCULAR LIFE SUPPORT.............................................................. 984
CHAPTER 38 : HUMIDITY AND BLAND AEROSOL THERAPY ................................................................. 1051
CHAPTER 39: AEROSOL DRUG THERAPY ............................................................................................. 1103
CHAPTER 40 : STORAGE AND DELIVERY OF MEDICAL GASES ............................................................. 1158
CHAPTER 41: MEDICAL GAS THERAPY ................................................................................................ 1191
CHAPTER 42: LUNG EXPANSION THERAPY.......................................................................................... 1235
CHAPTER 43: AIRWAY CLEARANCE THERAPY (ACT) ............................................................................ 1266
PART VI: ACUTE AND CRITICAL CARE ........................................................ 1313
CHAPTER 44 : RESPIRATORY FAILURE AND THE NEED FOR VENTILATORY SUPPORT ......................... 1313
CHAPTER 45: MECHANICAL VENTILATORS ......................................................................................... 1338
CHAPTER 46: PHYSIOLOGY OF VENTILATORY SUPPORT ..................................................................... 1370
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 4
CHAPTER 47: PATIENT VENTILATOR INTERACTION ............................................................................ 1413
CHAPTER 48: INITIATING AND ADJUSTING INVASIVE VENTILATORY SUPPORT.................................. 1424
CHAPTER 49: NONINVASIVE VENTILATION ......................................................................................... 1472
CHAPTER 50: EXTRACORPOREAL LIFE SUPPORT (ECLS) ...................................................................... 1496
CHAPTER 51: MONITORING THE PATIENT IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT .......................................... 1508
CHAPTER 52: DISCONTINUING VENTILATORY SUPPORT .................................................................... 1537
CHAPTER 53: NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY CARE .......................................................... 1569
CHAPTER 54: PATIENT EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION ........................................................ 1587
CHAPTER 55: CARDIOPULMONARY REHABILITATION ........................................................................ 1597
CHAPTER 56: RESPIRATORY CARE IN ALTERNATIVE SETTINGS ........................................................... 1630
PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE
CHAPTER 01 : HISTORY OF RESPIRATORY CARE
ROBERT M. KACMAREK: EGAN'S FUNDAMENTALS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 11TH EDITION, TEST BANK
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXPECTED ROLE OF A RESPIRATORY THERAPIST?
1. PROMOTING LUNG HEALTH AND WELLNESS
2. PROVIDING PATIENT EDUCATION
3. ASSESSING THE PATIENT'S CARDIOPULMONARY HEALTH STATUS
4. SELLING OXYGEN (O2) THERAPY DEVICES TO PATIENTS
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 5
A. 1 AND 3 ONLY
B. 2 AND 4 ONLY
C. 1, 2, AND 3 ONLY
D. 2, 3, AND 4 ONLY
CORRECT ANS:>C
RESPIRATORY CARE INCLUDES THE ASSESSMENT, TREATMENT, MANAGEMENT, CONTROL, DIAGNOSTIC
EVALUATION, EDUCATION, AND CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DEFICIENCIES AND ABNORMALITIES OF THE
CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM. RESPIRATORY CARE IS INCREASINGLY INVOLVED IN THE PREVENTION OF
RESPIRATORY DISEASE, THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASE, AND PROMOTION OF
HEALTH AND WELLNESS.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 3 OBJ: 1
2. WHERE ARE THE MAJORITY OF RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS EMPLOYED?
A. SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES
B. DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORIES
C. HOSPITALS OR ACUTE CARE SETTINGS
D. OUTPATIENT PHYSICIAN OFFICES
CORRECT ANS:>C
APPROXIMATELY 75% OF ALL RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS WORK IN HOSPITALS OR OTHER ACUTE CARE
SETTINGS.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 3 OBJ: 1
3. WHO IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE “FATHER OF MEDICINE”?
A) HIPPOCRATES
B) GALEN
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 6
C) ERASISTRATUS
D) ARISTOTLE
CORRECT ANS:>A
THE FOUNDATION OF MODERN WESTERN MEDICINE WAS LAID IN ANCIENT GREECE WITH THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIPPOCRATIC CORPUS. THIS COLLECTION OF ANCIENT MEDICAL WRITINGS IS
ATTRIBUTED TO THE “FATHER OF MEDICINE,” HIPPOCRATES, A GREEK PHYSICIAN WHO LIVED DURING
THE FIFTH AND FOURTH CENTURIES BC.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: PP. 3-4 OBJ: 2
4. IN 1662, A CHEMIST PUBLISHED A BOOK THAT DESCRIBED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GAS,
VOLUME, AND PRESSURE. WHAT WAS THE CHEMIST’S NAME?
A) SIR ISAAC NEWTON
B) ROBERT BOYLE
C) ANTHONY VAN LEEUWENHOEK
D) NICOLAUS COPERNICUS
CORRECT ANS:>B
THE CHEMIST, ROBERT BOYLE, PUBLISHED WHAT IS NOW KNOWN AS “BOYLE’S LAW,” GOVERNING THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GAS, VOLUME, AND PRESSURE.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 6 OBJ: 2
5. WHO DISCOVERED O2 IN 1774 AND DESCRIBED IT AS “DEPHLOGISTICATED AIR”?
A. ROBERT BOYLE
B. JACQUE CHARLES
C. THOMAS BEDDOES
D. JOSEPH PRIESTLEY
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 7
CORRECT ANS:>D
IN 1774, JOSEPH PRIESTLEY DESCRIBED HIS DISCOVERY OF O2, WHICH HE CALLED “DEPHLOGISTICATED
AIR.”
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: PP. 6-7 OBJ: 2
6. WHO IS CREDITED WITH FIRST DESCRIBING THE LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES FOR A GAS MIXTURE?
A. JOHN DALTON
B. JOSEPH PRESTLEY
C. JACQUE CHARLES
D. THOMAS YOUNG
CORRECT ANS:>A
JOHN DALTON DESCRIBED HIS LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES FOR A GAS MIXTURE IN 1801 AND HIS
ATOMIC THEORY IN 1808.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 7 OBJ: 2
7. WHO WAS THE FIRST SCIENTIST IN 1865 TO SUGGEST THAT MICROORGANISMS CAUSED MANY
DISEASES?
A. THOMAS YOUNG
B. LOUIS PASTEUR
C. HENRY GRAHAM
D. ROBERT KOCH
CORRECT ANS:>B
IN 1865, LOUIS PASTEUR ADVANCED HIS “GERM THEORY” OF DISEASE, WHICH HELD THAT MANY
DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY MICROORGANISMS.
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 8
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 7 OBJ: 2
8. WHO DISCOVERED THE X-RAY AND OPENED THE DOOR FOR THE MODERN FIELD OF RADIOLOGY?
A. JOHN DALTON
B. WILLIAM SMITH
C. WILLIAM ROENTGEN
D. THOMAS YOUNG
CORRECT ANS:>C
IN 1895, WILLIAM ROENTGEN DISCOVERED THE X-RAY AND THE MODERN FIELD OF RADIOLOGIC
IMAGING SCIENCES WAS BORN.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 7 OBJ: 2
9. WHAT WAS THE PRIMARY DUTY OF THE FIRST INHALATION THERAPISTS?
A) PROVIDE AIRWAY CARE.
B) SUPPORT O2 THERAPY.
C) AEROSOL THERAPY TO PATIENTS.
D) MAINTAIN PATIENTS ON MECHANICAL VENTILATION.
CORRECT ANS:>B
THE FIRST INHALATION THERAPISTS WERE REALLY JUST O2 TECHNICIANS.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 7 OBJ: 3
10. WHEN DID THE DESIGNATION “RESPIRATORY THERAPIST” BECOME STANDARD?
A. 1954
B. 1964
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 9
C. 1974
D. 1984
CORRECT ANS:>C
IN 1974, THE DESIGNATION “RESPIRATORY THERAPIST” BECAME STANDARD.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 7 OBJ: 3
11. WHO WAS THE FIRST TO DEVELOP THE LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION OF O2 IN 1907?
A. ROBERT DALTON
B. DAVID BOYLE
C. THOMAS ANDERSON
D. KARL VON LINDE
CORRECT ANS:>D
LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION OF O2 WAS DEVELOPED BY KARL VON LINDE IN 1907.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 7 OBJ: 4
12. WHEN WAS THE FIRST VENTI-MASK INTRODUCED THAT ALLOWS THE PRECISE DELIVERY OF 24%,
28%, 35%,AND 40% O2?
A. 1945
B. 1954
C. 1960
D. 1972
CORRECT ANS:>C
, PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF RESPIRATORY CARE 10
THE CAMPBELL VENTI-MASK, WHICH ALLOWED THE ADMINISTRATION OF 24%, 28%, 35%, OR 40% O2,
WAS INTRODUCED IN 1960.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 8OBJ: 4
13. WHEN WERE AEROSOLIZED GLUCOCORTICOIDS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PATIENTS WITH
MODERATE TO SEVERE ASTHMA FIRST INTRODUCED?
A. IN THE 1960S
B. IN THE 1980S
C. IN THE 1970S
D. IN THE 1950S
CORRECT ANS:>C
THE USE OF AEROSOLIZED GLUCOCORTICOIDS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PATIENTS WITH MODERATE
TO SEVERE ASTHMA BEGAN IN THE 1970S.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 8 OBJ: 4
15. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MEDICATIONS HAS NEVER BEEN DELIVERED AS AN AEROSOL BY A
RESPIRATORY THERAPIST?
A) INOTROPES
B) ANTICHOLINERGIC
C) MUCOLYTIC
D) ANTIBIOTIC
CORRECT ANS:>A
THERE HAS BEEN A PROLIFERATION OF MEDICATIONS DESIGNED FOR AEROSOL ADMINISTRATION,
INCLUDING BRONCHODILATORS, MUCOLYTIC, ANTIBIOTIC, ANTICHOLINERGIC, AND ANTI-
INFLAMMATORY AGENTS.
DIFFICULTY: RECALL REFERENCE: P. 8 OBJ: 4