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2024_OCR: A Level Classical Civilisation H408/33 Politics of the Late Republic (Merged Question Paper & Marking Scheme)
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2024_OCR: A Level Classical Civilisation H408/33 Politics of the Late Republic (Merged Question Paper & Marking Scheme) Key Areas to Revise: 1. The Structure of Roman Government o The Senate: Study the role of the Senate in the...

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  • March 4, 2025
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2024_OCR: A Level Classical Civilisation H408/33 Politics of the Late Republic
(Merged Question Paper & Marking Scheme)


Key Areas to Revise:

1. The Structure of Roman Government
o The Senate: Study the role of the Senate in the late Roman Republic, its function as a
deliberative body, and how it influenced policy-making, particularly during times of
political crisis.
2. Political Factions and Rivalries
o The Optimates and Populares: Investigate the division between the Optimates
(aristocratic elites) and Populares (politicians who sought support from the people), and
how this conflict shaped Roman political dynamics.
o The Role of Patronage: Explore the system of patron-client relationships in Roman
politics, and how patronage networks influenced political power, loyalty, and social
structure.
3. The Gracchi Brothers and Social Reform
o Tiberius Gracchus: Study Tiberius Gracchus’ land reforms, his conflict with the Senate,
and his eventual assassination, and analyze his legacy in the context of Roman social and
political change.
4. The Social War and the Rise of Marius
o The Social War (91–88 BCE): Understand the causes and consequences of the Social
War, focusing on the demands of the Italian allies for Roman citizenship and how the
conflict contributed to the breakdown of Roman political norms.
5. The First Triumvirate
o Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus: Investigate the formation of the First Triumvirate, the
political alliance between Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, and their joint efforts to
gain political power.
6. The Role of Julius Caesar
o Caesar’s Rise to Power: Examine Caesar’s political career, his military conquests
(particularly in Gaul), and his strategies for gaining popular support.
7. The Fall of the Republic and the Rise of Augustus
o The Aftermath of Caesar’s Death: Investigate the political chaos following Caesar’s
assassination, including the rise of the Second Triumvirate (Octavian, Antony, and
Lepidus), and the civil wars that led to the end of the Republic.
8. Political Corruption and the Breakdown of Republican Values
o Corruption in the Senate: Analyze the corruption and power struggles within the Senate
and the political class, including the role of bribery, violence, and manipulation in
elections and policy-making.
9. Military Influence in Politics
o Military Leaders as Political Figures: Explore the growing influence of military leaders,
such as Sulla, Marius, Pompey, and Caesar, in Roman politics, and how their military
successes allowed them to bypass traditional Republican institutions.

, Oxford Cambridge and RSA


Monday 3 June 2024 – Morning
A Level Classical Civilisation
H408/33 Politics of the Late Republic
Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes
*1341963541*




You must have:
• the OCR 12-page Answer Booklet




INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must
be clearly shown.
• Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
• Answer all the questions in Section A and one question in Section B.

INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 75.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• This document has 4 pages.

ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.




© OCR 2024 [603/0726/2] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (KS) 340538/1 Turn over

, 2

Section A

Start your answer to each 10, 20 and 30 mark question on a new page.

Source A
Cicero’s letter from Rome, c. 2nd February 43 BC, Fam. 10.28

How I would have liked you to have invited me to that most beautiful feast on the Ides of
March! We should have had nothing remaining. But with matters as they are, the heavenly
service you have given to the republic is qualified by some grumbling. Truly, the fact that this
curse of the country was taken out of the way by you – the most loyal of men – and thanks
to your generosity, is still alive, makes me a little angry with you at times (although it is hardly 5
right!). Since you have left more trouble for me with to deal with by myself, than for the rest of
the world put together!

For as soon as the Senate could be held freely after the most dishonourable departure of
Antony, I resumed my old spirit, which you and that most patriotic citizen, your father, have
always praised and loved. For, when the tribune of the plebs had summoned the senate on 10
the 20th of December and were putting another question to the house, I reviewed the whole
constitutional situation and spoke with intense spirit rather than eloquence. I restored to the
weary, wilting senate its ancient and traditional valour. That day, my intense pleading gave
the Roman people hope of recovering their freedom. From that time, I have devoted every
moment not only to thinking about the Republic, but being active in it. 15


1 Who is the recipient of this letter? [1]


2 What does the ‘most beautiful feast’ in line 1 refer to? [1]


3 Explain how successfully Cicero shows his enthusiasm for the events he is referring to in
Source A. [10]


Caesar and Pompey formed an alliance in 60 BC.

4 What is the name given to this political alliance? [1]


5 Name one other member of this alliance. [1]


6 State one political office which Pompey held during his lifetime. [1]


7 Explain why Caesar and Pompey wished to form this alliance. [10]


8* ‘Cicero always strongly opposed individuals who he thought were a threat to the res publica.’

Assess to what extent you agree with this opinion by discussing Cicero’s relationship with Caesar
and Catiline.

You may use Source A as a starting point in your answer. [20]

[Section A Total: 45]


© OCR 2024 H408/33 Jun24

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