2025 Adult Medical Surgical Nursing Content Mastery Series (CMS) Exams STUDY GUI
r r r r r r r r r r r
DE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (MOST TESTED Q
r r r r r r r r r r
UESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST
r r r r
Thernursernotesrthatrtherhandgriprofrtherclientrwithrhypokalemiarhasrdimi
nishedrsincertherpreviousrassessmentronerhourrago.rWhichrinterventionrb
yrthernurserisrtherpriority?
a. assessrtherclient'srrespiratoryrrate,rrhythm,randrdepth
b. documentrfindingsrandrmonitorrtherclient
c. measurertherclient'srpulserandrbloodrpressure
d. callrtherhealthrcarerproviderr-rCORRECTr ANSWER A
Inrarclientrwithrhypokkalemia,rprogressiverskeletalrmusclerweaknessrisra
ssociatedrwithrincreasingrseverityrofrhypokalemia.rThermostrlife-
rthreateningrcomplicationrofrhypokalemiarisrrespiratoryrinsufficiency.rItri
srimperativerforrthernursertorperformrarrespiratoryrassessmentrfirstrtorma
kersurerthatrtherclientrisrnotrinrimmediaterjeopardy.rNext,rthernurserwould
rcallrtherhealthrcarerproviderrtorobtainrordersrforrpotassiumrreplacement.
TherphysicianrordersrLasixr(furosemide)r60rmgrporeveryrdayrforryourrpatie
nt.rOnrhandryourhaverLasixr40rmg.rHowrmanyrtabletsrwillryourgivertherpatie
nt?
a. 3
b. 1
c. 1r1/2
d. 2r1/5r-rCORRECTr ANSWER C
60/40r(desired/have)
Arclientrhasrbeenrtaughtrtorrestrictrdietaryrsodium.rWhichrfoodrselectionrb
yrtherclientrindicatesrtorthernurserthatrteachingrhasrbeenreffective?
a. argrilledrcheesersandwichrwithrtomatorsoup
,b. Chinesertake-out,rincludingrsteamedrrice
c. archickenrleg,ronerslicerofrbreadrwithrbutter,randrsteamedrcarrots
d. slicesrofrhamrandrcheeseronrwholergrainrcrackersr-
rCORRECTrANSWER C
Clientsronrrestrictedrsodiumrdietsrgenerallyrshouldravoidrprocessed,rsmo
ked,randrpickledrfoodsrandrthoserwithrsaucesrandrotherrcondiments.rFood
srlowestrinrsodiumrincluderfish,rpoultry,randrfreshrproduce.rTherchineserfo
odrlikelyrwouldrhaversoyrsauce,rthertomatorsouprisrprocessed,randrthercra
ckersrarerarsnackrfoodr-rarcategoryrofrfoodsroftenrhighrinrsodium.
Whenrarclientrisrassessed,rwhichrbehaviorrbestrindicatesrthatrherorrsheri
srexperiencingrchangesrassociatedrwithracuterpain?
a. inabilityrtorconcentrate
b. expressedrhopelessness
c. psychosocialrwithdrawal
d. angerrandrhostilityr-rCORRECTr ANSWER A
Thercharacteristicsrmostrcommonrtorchronicrpainrarerpsychosocialrwithd
rawal,rangerrandrhostility,rdepression,randrhopelessness.rTherinabilityrtor
concentraterisrassociatedrmuchrmorerwithracuterpain,rbeforeranyrphysiol
ogicrorrbehavioralradaptationrhasroccurred.
Arnurserisrcaringrforrseveralrclientsratrriskrforroverhydration.rThernursera
ssessesrtherolderrclientrwithrwhichrfindingrfirst?
A) Hasrhadrdiabetesrmellitusrforr12ryears
B) Hadrabdominalrsurgeryrandrhasrarnasogastricrtube
C) Justrreceivedr3runitsrofrpackedrredrbloodrcells
D) Usesrsodium-containingrantacidsrfrequentlyr-rCORRECTr ANSWER
C
Bloodrreplacementrtherapyrinvolvesrintravenousrfluidradministration,rwh
ichrinherentlyrincreasesrtherriskrforroverhydration.rTherfactrthatrtherfluidr
consistsrofrpackedrredrbloodrcellsrgreatlyrincreasesrtherrisk,rbecauserthi
srfluidrincreasesrthercolloidalroncoticrpressurerofrthe
,blood,rcausingrfluidrtormoverfromrinterstitialrandrintracellularrspacesrintor
therplasmarvolume.rAnrolderradultrmayrnotrhaversufficientrcardiacrorrrenal
rreservertormanagerthisrextrarfluid.
Therclientrwithrarstrokerwasradmittedrtorarmedical-
surgicalrunit.rWhichrtasksrdoesrthernurserdelegatertortherunlicense
drassistiverpersonnel?
A) Assessrlevelrofrconsciousness.
B) Evaluatertherpulseroximetryrreading.
C) Assistrtherclientrwithrmeals.
D) Completerthernursingrcarerplan.r-rCORRECTr ANSWER C
Thernurserneedsrtorknowrtherfiverrightsrofrdelegation:rrightrtask,rrightrcirc
umstances,rrightrperson,rrightrcommunication,randrrightrsupervision.rUnl
icensedrassistiverpersonnelrcanrhelprwithrfeeding,rbutronlyrthernursercanr
carerplan,rassessrtherlevelrofrconsciousness,randrevaluatertheroxygenati
onrofrtherclient.
Interrelatedrconceptsrtortherprofessionalrnursingrrolerarnursermanagerrw
ouldrconsiderrwhenraddressingrconcernsraboutrtherqualityrofrpatientredu
cationrinclude:
A) adherence.
B) developmentalrlevel.
C) motivation.
D) technology.r-rCORRECTr ANSWER D
Therinterrelatedrconceptsrtortherprofessionalrrolerofrarnurserincluderhealt
hrpromotion,rleadership,rtechnology/informatics,rquality,rcollaboration,ra
ndrcommunication.rAdherence,rculture,rdevelopmentalrlevel,rfamilyrdyna
mics,randrmotivationrarerconsideredrinterrelatedrconceptsrtorpatientrattr
ibutesrandrpreference.
Duringrorientationrtoranremergencyrdepartment,rthernursereducatorrwoul
drberconcernedrifrthernewrnurserlistedrwhichrofrtherfollowingrasrarriskrfact
orrforrimpairedrthermoregulation?
A) Temperaturerextremes
, B) Occupationalrexposure
C) Impairedrcognition
D) Physicalragilityr-rCORRECTr ANSWER D
Physicalragilityrisrnotrarriskrfactorrforrimpairedrthermoregulation.rThernur
sereducatorrwouldruserthisrinformationrtorplanradditionalrteachingrtorincl
udermedicalrconditionsrandrgaitrdisturbancerasrriskrfactorsrforrhypother
mia,rbecausertheirrbodiesrhaverarreducedrabilityrtorgeneraterheat.rImpair
edrcognitionrisrarriskrfactor.rRecreationalrorroccupationalrexposurerisrarri
skrfactor.rTemperaturerextremesrarerriskrfactorsrforrimpairedrthermoreg
ulation.
Anrolderradultrclientrisrinrphysicalrrestraints.rWhichrinterventionrbyrthernu
rserisrtherpriority?
A) Assessrtherclientrhourlyrwhilerkeepingrtherrestraintsrinrplace.
B) Assessrtherclientroncereachrshift,rreleasingrtherrestraintsrforrfe
eding.
C) Assessrtherclientrtwicereachrshiftrwhilerkeepingrtherrestraintsrinrpl
ace.
D) Assessrtherclientreveryr30rtor60rminutes,rreleasingrrestraintsreveryr2r
hours.r-rCORRECTr ANSWER D
Therapplicationrofrrestraintsrcanrhaverseriousrconsequences.rThus,rther
nursershouldrcheckrtherclientreveryr30rtor60rminutes,rreleasingrtherrestr
aintsreveryr2rhoursrforrpositioningrandrtoileting.rTherotherranswersrwoul
drnotrberappropriaterbecausertherclientrwouldrnotrberassessedrfrequentl
yrenough,randrcirculationrtortherlimbsrcouldrbercompromised.rAssessingr
everyrhourrandrreleasingrtherrestraintsreveryr2rhoursrisrinrcompliancerwit
hrfederalrpolicyrforrmonitoringrclientsrinrrestraints.
Thernurserisrassessingrarclientrwithrarlong-
termrhistoryrofrarthriticrpain.rAssessmentrrevealsrarheartrraterofr115rbeat
s/minrandrbloodrpressurerofr170/80rmmrHg.rWhichrinterventionrwillrthernur
sercarryroutrfirst?
A) Administerrbloodrpressurermedication.
r r r r r r r r r r r
DE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (MOST TESTED Q
r r r r r r r r r r
UESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST
r r r r
Thernursernotesrthatrtherhandgriprofrtherclientrwithrhypokalemiarhasrdimi
nishedrsincertherpreviousrassessmentronerhourrago.rWhichrinterventionrb
yrthernurserisrtherpriority?
a. assessrtherclient'srrespiratoryrrate,rrhythm,randrdepth
b. documentrfindingsrandrmonitorrtherclient
c. measurertherclient'srpulserandrbloodrpressure
d. callrtherhealthrcarerproviderr-rCORRECTr ANSWER A
Inrarclientrwithrhypokkalemia,rprogressiverskeletalrmusclerweaknessrisra
ssociatedrwithrincreasingrseverityrofrhypokalemia.rThermostrlife-
rthreateningrcomplicationrofrhypokalemiarisrrespiratoryrinsufficiency.rItri
srimperativerforrthernursertorperformrarrespiratoryrassessmentrfirstrtorma
kersurerthatrtherclientrisrnotrinrimmediaterjeopardy.rNext,rthernurserwould
rcallrtherhealthrcarerproviderrtorobtainrordersrforrpotassiumrreplacement.
TherphysicianrordersrLasixr(furosemide)r60rmgrporeveryrdayrforryourrpatie
nt.rOnrhandryourhaverLasixr40rmg.rHowrmanyrtabletsrwillryourgivertherpatie
nt?
a. 3
b. 1
c. 1r1/2
d. 2r1/5r-rCORRECTr ANSWER C
60/40r(desired/have)
Arclientrhasrbeenrtaughtrtorrestrictrdietaryrsodium.rWhichrfoodrselectionrb
yrtherclientrindicatesrtorthernurserthatrteachingrhasrbeenreffective?
a. argrilledrcheesersandwichrwithrtomatorsoup
,b. Chinesertake-out,rincludingrsteamedrrice
c. archickenrleg,ronerslicerofrbreadrwithrbutter,randrsteamedrcarrots
d. slicesrofrhamrandrcheeseronrwholergrainrcrackersr-
rCORRECTrANSWER C
Clientsronrrestrictedrsodiumrdietsrgenerallyrshouldravoidrprocessed,rsmo
ked,randrpickledrfoodsrandrthoserwithrsaucesrandrotherrcondiments.rFood
srlowestrinrsodiumrincluderfish,rpoultry,randrfreshrproduce.rTherchineserfo
odrlikelyrwouldrhaversoyrsauce,rthertomatorsouprisrprocessed,randrthercra
ckersrarerarsnackrfoodr-rarcategoryrofrfoodsroftenrhighrinrsodium.
Whenrarclientrisrassessed,rwhichrbehaviorrbestrindicatesrthatrherorrsheri
srexperiencingrchangesrassociatedrwithracuterpain?
a. inabilityrtorconcentrate
b. expressedrhopelessness
c. psychosocialrwithdrawal
d. angerrandrhostilityr-rCORRECTr ANSWER A
Thercharacteristicsrmostrcommonrtorchronicrpainrarerpsychosocialrwithd
rawal,rangerrandrhostility,rdepression,randrhopelessness.rTherinabilityrtor
concentraterisrassociatedrmuchrmorerwithracuterpain,rbeforeranyrphysiol
ogicrorrbehavioralradaptationrhasroccurred.
Arnurserisrcaringrforrseveralrclientsratrriskrforroverhydration.rThernursera
ssessesrtherolderrclientrwithrwhichrfindingrfirst?
A) Hasrhadrdiabetesrmellitusrforr12ryears
B) Hadrabdominalrsurgeryrandrhasrarnasogastricrtube
C) Justrreceivedr3runitsrofrpackedrredrbloodrcells
D) Usesrsodium-containingrantacidsrfrequentlyr-rCORRECTr ANSWER
C
Bloodrreplacementrtherapyrinvolvesrintravenousrfluidradministration,rwh
ichrinherentlyrincreasesrtherriskrforroverhydration.rTherfactrthatrtherfluidr
consistsrofrpackedrredrbloodrcellsrgreatlyrincreasesrtherrisk,rbecauserthi
srfluidrincreasesrthercolloidalroncoticrpressurerofrthe
,blood,rcausingrfluidrtormoverfromrinterstitialrandrintracellularrspacesrintor
therplasmarvolume.rAnrolderradultrmayrnotrhaversufficientrcardiacrorrrenal
rreservertormanagerthisrextrarfluid.
Therclientrwithrarstrokerwasradmittedrtorarmedical-
surgicalrunit.rWhichrtasksrdoesrthernurserdelegatertortherunlicense
drassistiverpersonnel?
A) Assessrlevelrofrconsciousness.
B) Evaluatertherpulseroximetryrreading.
C) Assistrtherclientrwithrmeals.
D) Completerthernursingrcarerplan.r-rCORRECTr ANSWER C
Thernurserneedsrtorknowrtherfiverrightsrofrdelegation:rrightrtask,rrightrcirc
umstances,rrightrperson,rrightrcommunication,randrrightrsupervision.rUnl
icensedrassistiverpersonnelrcanrhelprwithrfeeding,rbutronlyrthernursercanr
carerplan,rassessrtherlevelrofrconsciousness,randrevaluatertheroxygenati
onrofrtherclient.
Interrelatedrconceptsrtortherprofessionalrnursingrrolerarnursermanagerrw
ouldrconsiderrwhenraddressingrconcernsraboutrtherqualityrofrpatientredu
cationrinclude:
A) adherence.
B) developmentalrlevel.
C) motivation.
D) technology.r-rCORRECTr ANSWER D
Therinterrelatedrconceptsrtortherprofessionalrrolerofrarnurserincluderhealt
hrpromotion,rleadership,rtechnology/informatics,rquality,rcollaboration,ra
ndrcommunication.rAdherence,rculture,rdevelopmentalrlevel,rfamilyrdyna
mics,randrmotivationrarerconsideredrinterrelatedrconceptsrtorpatientrattr
ibutesrandrpreference.
Duringrorientationrtoranremergencyrdepartment,rthernursereducatorrwoul
drberconcernedrifrthernewrnurserlistedrwhichrofrtherfollowingrasrarriskrfact
orrforrimpairedrthermoregulation?
A) Temperaturerextremes
, B) Occupationalrexposure
C) Impairedrcognition
D) Physicalragilityr-rCORRECTr ANSWER D
Physicalragilityrisrnotrarriskrfactorrforrimpairedrthermoregulation.rThernur
sereducatorrwouldruserthisrinformationrtorplanradditionalrteachingrtorincl
udermedicalrconditionsrandrgaitrdisturbancerasrriskrfactorsrforrhypother
mia,rbecausertheirrbodiesrhaverarreducedrabilityrtorgeneraterheat.rImpair
edrcognitionrisrarriskrfactor.rRecreationalrorroccupationalrexposurerisrarri
skrfactor.rTemperaturerextremesrarerriskrfactorsrforrimpairedrthermoreg
ulation.
Anrolderradultrclientrisrinrphysicalrrestraints.rWhichrinterventionrbyrthernu
rserisrtherpriority?
A) Assessrtherclientrhourlyrwhilerkeepingrtherrestraintsrinrplace.
B) Assessrtherclientroncereachrshift,rreleasingrtherrestraintsrforrfe
eding.
C) Assessrtherclientrtwicereachrshiftrwhilerkeepingrtherrestraintsrinrpl
ace.
D) Assessrtherclientreveryr30rtor60rminutes,rreleasingrrestraintsreveryr2r
hours.r-rCORRECTr ANSWER D
Therapplicationrofrrestraintsrcanrhaverseriousrconsequences.rThus,rther
nursershouldrcheckrtherclientreveryr30rtor60rminutes,rreleasingrtherrestr
aintsreveryr2rhoursrforrpositioningrandrtoileting.rTherotherranswersrwoul
drnotrberappropriaterbecausertherclientrwouldrnotrberassessedrfrequentl
yrenough,randrcirculationrtortherlimbsrcouldrbercompromised.rAssessingr
everyrhourrandrreleasingrtherrestraintsreveryr2rhoursrisrinrcompliancerwit
hrfederalrpolicyrforrmonitoringrclientsrinrrestraints.
Thernurserisrassessingrarclientrwithrarlong-
termrhistoryrofrarthriticrpain.rAssessmentrrevealsrarheartrraterofr115rbeat
s/minrandrbloodrpressurerofr170/80rmmrHg.rWhichrinterventionrwillrthernur
sercarryroutrfirst?
A) Administerrbloodrpressurermedication.
