Stuvia.comw-
wThewMarketplacewtowBuywandwSellwyourwStudywMaterial
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
w w w w w w w
MultiplewChoice
Identifywthewchoicewthatwbestwcompleteswthewstatementworwanswerswthewquestion.
1. Whichwstatementwregardingwthewsodium–potassiumwpumpwiswcorrect?
1. Thewcell’swplasmawmembranewiswmorewsolublewtowsodiumwionswthanwpotassiumwions.
2. Thewconcentrationwofwsodiumwionswshouldwbewhigherwinsidewthewcellwcompartment.
3. Thewconcentrationwofwpotassiumwionswshouldwbewhigherwoutsidewthewce
llwcompartment.
4. Thewactivewtransportwinvolveswpumpingwoutwthreewsodiumwionswandwpumpingwinwtwo
potassiumwions.
2. Inwthewabsencewofwoxygen,wwhichwcellularwfunctionwcreateswthewsamewamountwofwenergywaswiswcreatedw
inwthewpresencewofwoxygen?
1. Dissipationwofwpyruvicwacid
2. Initiationwofwthewcitricwacidwcycle
3. Activationwofwacetyl-coenzymewA
4. Creationwofwacidosiswviawlacticwacid
3. Howwmanywadenosinewtriphosphatesw(ATPs)warewproducedwinwaerobicwenergywmetabolism?
1.w w 2
2.w w 3
3.w w 34
4.w w 53
4. Whichwcellworganelleswdifferwinwtheirwnumberwaccordingwtowthewcell’swenergywneeds?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleicwacids
4. Deoxyribonucleicwacids
5. Whichwoptionwbestwsupportswthewreasonwmorewenergywiswproducedwwhenwawpersonwiswexercising?
1. Exercisewcauseswanwincreasewinwthewsynthesiswofwprotein.
2. Therewiswanwincreasewinwthewproductionwofwpyruvicwacidwinwthewcells.
3. Thewconversionwofwpyruvicwacidwtowlacticwacidwiswincreasedwbywexercise.
4. Musclewcellswhavewmorewmitochondriawtowmeetwenergywdemands.
6. Whenwdoeswribosomalwproteinwsynthesiswcease?
1. Duringwendoplasmicwreticulumwstress
2. Duringwthewsynthesiswofwadenosinewtriphosphatew(ATP)
3. Duringwawseverewhypoxicwstate
4. Duringwthewprocessingwofwprohormone
7. Whichwcellularworganelleswarewresponsiblewforwpropellingwmucuswandwinhaledwdebriswoutwofwthewlungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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3. Secretorywvesicles
4. Endoplasmicwreticula
8.w w Whichwarewthewkeywproteinswinwthewcontractilewunitswofwthewmusclewcells?
1. Actinwandwmyosin
2. Prohormonewandwtubulin
3. Tubulinwandwactin
4. Myosinwandwprohormone
9.w w WhichwdeficiencywcauseswTay–Sachswdisease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomalwenzymes
w 10.w Whichwiswawcharacteristicwofwadrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulationwofwganglioside
2. Cessationwofwribosomalwproteinwsynthesis
3. Accelerationwofwcellularwproteasomewactivity
4. Accumulationwofwlong-chainwfattywacidswinwthewnervouswsystem
w 11.w Whichwstatementwregardingwendoplasmicwreticulumw(ER)wstresswiswcorrect?
1. DuringwERwstress,wproteinswarewrapidlywdegraded.
2. DuringwERwstress,wlipidswcannotwtravelwtowtheirwproperwintracellularwlocations.
3. DuringwERwstress,wlong-chainwfattywacidswaccumulatewinwthewnervouswsystem.
4. DuringwERwstress,wnondegradedwsubstanceswaccumulatewinwthewcells.
w 12.w Awclientwiswdiagnosedwwithwtypew1wdiabeteswmellitus.wAtwawcellularwlevel,wwhichwfunctionwiswlikelywtow
bewinvolved?
1. Inabilitywofwribosomeswtowproducewawspecificwtypewofwprotein
2. IncorrectwprocessingwofwawproteinwbywthewGolgiwapparatus
3. Stagnationwofwawpreviouslywdynamicwactionwinwmicrotubules
4. Obstructionwofwthewsmoothwendoplasmicwreticulum
w 13.w Awnewbornwpatientwexhibitswcharacteristicswofwseverewphysicalwdeformities.wWhichwcellularwcompone
ntwiswexaminedwtowdeterminewthewcausewandwprobabilitywofwthewdiseasewbeingwgeneticallywtransferred?
1. TransferwRNA
2. RibosomalwRNA
3. DoublewhelixwofwDNA
4. MitochondrialwDNA
w 14.w Awhikerwexperienceswmusclewpainwandwacidosiswwhilewascendingwawmountainwduringwawlong,wste
epwclimb.wWhichwiswthewreasonwforwthesewmanifestations?
1. Cellularwhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularwedema
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w 15.w w WhichwfactorwprovideswDNAwthewuniquewmolecularwabilitywtowreplicate?
1. Thewpairingwofwnitrogenouswbases
2. Thewpresencewofwpyrimidinewbases
3. Thewpresencewofwnucleotides
4. Thewnitrogenouswbasewandwphosphatewbond
w 16.w w Howwmanywnitrogenouswbaseswcomposewawsinglewcodon?
1.w w 2
2.w w 3
3.w w 4
4.w w 5
w 17.w WhichwcomponentswformwthewstructurewofwDNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Aminowacids
3. Fattywacids
4. Phosphates
w 18.w w Whichwfactorwiswessentialwinworderwforwproteinwsynthesiswtowoccur?
1. Free-standingwribosomeswwithinwthewcell
2. ProteinwblueprintwfromwthewcellwofwthewDNA
3. Specificwinformationwfromwthewnucleuswofwthewcell
4. TransferwRNAwtowmovewthewproteinwoutwofwthewcell
w 19.w Tetracyclinewantibioticwiswprescribedwforwanwadultwclientwwithwchlamydiawinfection.wWhichwiswt
hewmechanismwofwactionwofwthewdrug?
1. Itwpreventswthewreplicationwofwbacteria.
2. Itwalterswthewconfigurationwofwbacterialwcytoplasm.
3. Itwinterfereswwithwthewfunctionwofwbacterialwribosomes.
4. Itwinhibitswthewfunctionswofwbacterialwmitochondria.
w 20.w w Wherewdoeswthewconversionwofwawprohormonewintowawhormonewtakewplace?
1. Inwthewribosomes
2. InwthewGolgiwapparatus
3. Inwthewsecretorywgranules
4. Inwthewendoplasmicwreticulum
w 21.w Whichwiswthewcell’sw“masterwmind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgiwapparatus
4. Endoplasmicwreticulum
MultiplewResponse
Identifywoneworwmorewchoiceswthatwbestwcompletewthewstatementworwanswerwthewquestion.
w 22.w w Whichwstatementswregardingwthewmicrotubuleswarewtrue?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
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1. Microtubuleswarewsolid.
2. Microtubuleswarewflexible.
3. Microtubuleswarewcomposedwofwtubulin.
4. Microtubuleswarewcalledwactinwfilaments.
5. Microtubuleswhavewstructureswinvolvedwinwcellwdivision.
w 23.w w Whichwcellularwactionswarewcarriedwoutwduringwthewprocesswofwproteinwsynthesis?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
1. DNAwdirectswthewcellwtowcarrywoutwthewprocess.
2. Transcriptionwoccurswinwthewribosomewofwthewcell.
3. Proteinwtranslationwtakeswplacewinwthewcellwnucleus.
4. RNAwiswsingle-strandedwandwtravelswoutsidewthewnucleus.
5. InwRNA,wthewpyrimidinewbasewthyminewiswreplacedwwithwuracil.
w 24.w w WhichwcharacteristicswarewspecificwtowRNAwduringwproteinwsynthesis?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
1. Presencewofwribosewpentosewsugar
2. Presencewofwsingle-strandedwhelix
3. Presencewofwdouble-strandedwhelix
4. Presencewofwdeoxyribosewpentosewsugar
5. Presencewofwuracilwandwcytosinewaswawpyrimidinewbase
w 25.w w WhichwarewthewpurinewbaseswfoundwinwDNA?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
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wThewMarketplacewtowBuywandwSellwyourwStudywMaterial
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
w w w w w w w
MultiplewChoice
Identifywthewchoicewthatwbestwcompleteswthewstatementworwanswerswthewquestion.
1. Whichwstatementwregardingwthewsodium–potassiumwpumpwiswcorrect?
1. Thewcell’swplasmawmembranewiswmorewsolublewtowsodiumwionswthanwpotassiumwions.
2. Thewconcentrationwofwsodiumwionswshouldwbewhigherwinsidewthewcellwcompartment.
3. Thewconcentrationwofwpotassiumwionswshouldwbewhigherwoutsidewthewce
llwcompartment.
4. Thewactivewtransportwinvolveswpumpingwoutwthreewsodiumwionswandwpumpingwinwtwo
potassiumwions.
2. Inwthewabsencewofwoxygen,wwhichwcellularwfunctionwcreateswthewsamewamountwofwenergywaswiswcreatedw
inwthewpresencewofwoxygen?
1. Dissipationwofwpyruvicwacid
2. Initiationwofwthewcitricwacidwcycle
3. Activationwofwacetyl-coenzymewA
4. Creationwofwacidosiswviawlacticwacid
3. Howwmanywadenosinewtriphosphatesw(ATPs)warewproducedwinwaerobicwenergywmetabolism?
1.w w 2
2.w w 3
3.w w 34
4.w w 53
4. Whichwcellworganelleswdifferwinwtheirwnumberwaccordingwtowthewcell’swenergywneeds?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleicwacids
4. Deoxyribonucleicwacids
5. Whichwoptionwbestwsupportswthewreasonwmorewenergywiswproducedwwhenwawpersonwiswexercising?
1. Exercisewcauseswanwincreasewinwthewsynthesiswofwprotein.
2. Therewiswanwincreasewinwthewproductionwofwpyruvicwacidwinwthewcells.
3. Thewconversionwofwpyruvicwacidwtowlacticwacidwiswincreasedwbywexercise.
4. Musclewcellswhavewmorewmitochondriawtowmeetwenergywdemands.
6. Whenwdoeswribosomalwproteinwsynthesiswcease?
1. Duringwendoplasmicwreticulumwstress
2. Duringwthewsynthesiswofwadenosinewtriphosphatew(ATP)
3. Duringwawseverewhypoxicwstate
4. Duringwthewprocessingwofwprohormone
7. Whichwcellularworganelleswarewresponsiblewforwpropellingwmucuswandwinhaledwdebriswoutwofwthewlungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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3. Secretorywvesicles
4. Endoplasmicwreticula
8.w w Whichwarewthewkeywproteinswinwthewcontractilewunitswofwthewmusclewcells?
1. Actinwandwmyosin
2. Prohormonewandwtubulin
3. Tubulinwandwactin
4. Myosinwandwprohormone
9.w w WhichwdeficiencywcauseswTay–Sachswdisease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomalwenzymes
w 10.w Whichwiswawcharacteristicwofwadrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulationwofwganglioside
2. Cessationwofwribosomalwproteinwsynthesis
3. Accelerationwofwcellularwproteasomewactivity
4. Accumulationwofwlong-chainwfattywacidswinwthewnervouswsystem
w 11.w Whichwstatementwregardingwendoplasmicwreticulumw(ER)wstresswiswcorrect?
1. DuringwERwstress,wproteinswarewrapidlywdegraded.
2. DuringwERwstress,wlipidswcannotwtravelwtowtheirwproperwintracellularwlocations.
3. DuringwERwstress,wlong-chainwfattywacidswaccumulatewinwthewnervouswsystem.
4. DuringwERwstress,wnondegradedwsubstanceswaccumulatewinwthewcells.
w 12.w Awclientwiswdiagnosedwwithwtypew1wdiabeteswmellitus.wAtwawcellularwlevel,wwhichwfunctionwiswlikelywtow
bewinvolved?
1. Inabilitywofwribosomeswtowproducewawspecificwtypewofwprotein
2. IncorrectwprocessingwofwawproteinwbywthewGolgiwapparatus
3. Stagnationwofwawpreviouslywdynamicwactionwinwmicrotubules
4. Obstructionwofwthewsmoothwendoplasmicwreticulum
w 13.w Awnewbornwpatientwexhibitswcharacteristicswofwseverewphysicalwdeformities.wWhichwcellularwcompone
ntwiswexaminedwtowdeterminewthewcausewandwprobabilitywofwthewdiseasewbeingwgeneticallywtransferred?
1. TransferwRNA
2. RibosomalwRNA
3. DoublewhelixwofwDNA
4. MitochondrialwDNA
w 14.w Awhikerwexperienceswmusclewpainwandwacidosiswwhilewascendingwawmountainwduringwawlong,wste
epwclimb.wWhichwiswthewreasonwforwthesewmanifestations?
1. Cellularwhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellularwedema
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w 15.w w WhichwfactorwprovideswDNAwthewuniquewmolecularwabilitywtowreplicate?
1. Thewpairingwofwnitrogenouswbases
2. Thewpresencewofwpyrimidinewbases
3. Thewpresencewofwnucleotides
4. Thewnitrogenouswbasewandwphosphatewbond
w 16.w w Howwmanywnitrogenouswbaseswcomposewawsinglewcodon?
1.w w 2
2.w w 3
3.w w 4
4.w w 5
w 17.w WhichwcomponentswformwthewstructurewofwDNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Aminowacids
3. Fattywacids
4. Phosphates
w 18.w w Whichwfactorwiswessentialwinworderwforwproteinwsynthesiswtowoccur?
1. Free-standingwribosomeswwithinwthewcell
2. ProteinwblueprintwfromwthewcellwofwthewDNA
3. Specificwinformationwfromwthewnucleuswofwthewcell
4. TransferwRNAwtowmovewthewproteinwoutwofwthewcell
w 19.w Tetracyclinewantibioticwiswprescribedwforwanwadultwclientwwithwchlamydiawinfection.wWhichwiswt
hewmechanismwofwactionwofwthewdrug?
1. Itwpreventswthewreplicationwofwbacteria.
2. Itwalterswthewconfigurationwofwbacterialwcytoplasm.
3. Itwinterfereswwithwthewfunctionwofwbacterialwribosomes.
4. Itwinhibitswthewfunctionswofwbacterialwmitochondria.
w 20.w w Wherewdoeswthewconversionwofwawprohormonewintowawhormonewtakewplace?
1. Inwthewribosomes
2. InwthewGolgiwapparatus
3. Inwthewsecretorywgranules
4. Inwthewendoplasmicwreticulum
w 21.w Whichwiswthewcell’sw“masterwmind”?
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgiwapparatus
4. Endoplasmicwreticulum
MultiplewResponse
Identifywoneworwmorewchoiceswthatwbestwcompletewthewstatementworwanswerwthewquestion.
w 22.w w Whichwstatementswregardingwthewmicrotubuleswarewtrue?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
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1. Microtubuleswarewsolid.
2. Microtubuleswarewflexible.
3. Microtubuleswarewcomposedwofwtubulin.
4. Microtubuleswarewcalledwactinwfilaments.
5. Microtubuleswhavewstructureswinvolvedwinwcellwdivision.
w 23.w w Whichwcellularwactionswarewcarriedwoutwduringwthewprocesswofwproteinwsynthesis?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
1. DNAwdirectswthewcellwtowcarrywoutwthewprocess.
2. Transcriptionwoccurswinwthewribosomewofwthewcell.
3. Proteinwtranslationwtakeswplacewinwthewcellwnucleus.
4. RNAwiswsingle-strandedwandwtravelswoutsidewthewnucleus.
5. InwRNA,wthewpyrimidinewbasewthyminewiswreplacedwwithwuracil.
w 24.w w WhichwcharacteristicswarewspecificwtowRNAwduringwproteinwsynthesis?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
1. Presencewofwribosewpentosewsugar
2. Presencewofwsingle-strandedwhelix
3. Presencewofwdouble-strandedwhelix
4. Presencewofwdeoxyribosewpentosewsugar
5. Presencewofwuracilwandwcytosinewaswawpyrimidinewbase
w 25.w w WhichwarewthewpurinewbaseswfoundwinwDNA?wSelectwallwthatwapply.
1. Uracil
2. Adenine
3. Guanine
4. Thymine
5. Cytosine
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