NGN ATI MED SURG RETAKE EXAM: Ultimate Retake Guide EXAM
QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS
What is a drug used to treat diabetes inspidus? What is a sign of the adverse effect of
water intoxication that may occur? - CORRECT ANSWER desmopressin
headache
What type of lesion is each of these skin conditions?
a. freckles or rubella rash
b. herpes simplex, poison ivy, chickenpox
c. allergic reaction
d. warts and elevated moles - CORRECT ANSWER a. macules
b. vesicles
c. wheal
d. papules
where should an estradiol patch be applied? - CORRECT ANSWER the
abdomen/trunk (not breasts)
when are the Hib and PCV13 (pneumococcal congudate) vaccines given to children? -
CORRECT ANSWER 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age
When is the Hep B vaccine given? - CORRECT ANSWER Birth (within 12 hrs), 1-2
months, 6-18 months
When is inactivated poliovirus vaccine given? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 months, 4
months, 6-18 months, 4-6 years old
TPN
-weigh how often?
-check blood glucose how often?
-change tubing how often?
-apply new dressing to IV site how often?
-what type of access - CORRECT ANSWER -daily weight
-check blood glucose q4
-new dressing to IV site every 2-3 days per facility
-change tubing once every 24 hrs
-central line
signs of deep vein thrombosis
-what would you see/feel?
-sensation?
,-pulses?
-temp?
-leg circumference? - CORRECT ANSWER -may see/feel a hardened vessel and
prominent superficial veins
-pt will feel pain/tenderness
-pulses not affected (that's arterial)
-skin may be warm
-increased leg circumference/swelling
Match the type of radiation with its description:
a. brachytherapy
b. teletherapy
c. stereotactic body radiotherapy
-radioactive insertions or infusions into or near the tumor
-precise delivery of high-dose radiation after tumor imafging
-radiation to the tumor from an external source - CORRECT ANSWER a.
brachytherapy - radiactive insertion/infusion into/near tumor
b. teletherapy - radiation from external source
c. stereotactic body radiotherapy - precise high-dose radiation after tumor imagingchl
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - CORRECT ANSWER typical antipsychotic
anticholingergic effects
orthostatic hypotension
sedation
Should children with HIV get vaccines? - CORRECT ANSWER yes, all of them! full
dose, no delay, nothing special
#1 reason for death after MI - CORRECT ANSWER dysrhythmias
What is the effect of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia on the QT interval? - CORRECT
ANSWER hypercalcemia = shortened QT interval
hypocalcemia = prolonged QT interval
What is the effect of hyperkalemia and hypokalemia on an EKG? - CORRECT
ANSWER hyperkalemia = widened QRS and peaked T waves
hypokalemia = flatted T wave and cardiac dysrhythmias
What are some signs of adrenal insufficiency, an adverse effect of long-term use of
inhaled corticosteroids like fluticasone? - CORRECT ANSWER anorexia,
weakness, nausea, hypotension, hypoglycemia
,what are expected findings in mild preeclampsia? what would signify a progression to
severe preeclampsia? - CORRECT ANSWER proteinuria +2, elevated BUN (over
20), platelets <100,000 all expected
more severe - +4 deep tendon reflexes - patient needs to be hospitalized and get
magnesium to prevent seizures
bronchoscopy
-sedation?
-NPO?
-consent?
-head position?
-sputum specimen? - CORRECT ANSWER -pt will receive sedation and not
remember procedure
-NPO 4-8 hrs prior
-informed consent required
-neck hyperextended
-provider can obtain sputum specimens during it
meds if choice for chronic gout and gout attack? - CORRECT ANSWER allopurinol
and colchicine
complete intestinal obstruction
-bowel sounds?
-pass stool/flatus? - CORRECT ANSWER -bowel sounds HYPERACTIVE above
the obstruction and ABSENT below
-no flatus or stool
What condition would cause absent bowel sounds in all 4 quadrants? - CORRECT
ANSWER paralytic ileus
cardiac cath
-sedation?
-position/special things after?
-fluids?
-feeling when dye is injected - CORRECT ANSWER -mild sedation beforehand
-lie flat or with HOB slightly elevated (no more than 30 degrees) a few hours after. keep
leg straight - may get soft knee brace after
-lots of IV and oral fluids after to flush dye out
-warm feeling like hot flush when dye is injected
tactile fremitus and crackles are signs of what - CORRECT ANSWER pneumonia
, subcutaneous emphysema is aka what and is a sign of what - CORRECT ANSWER
crepitus
air leak into subq tissue - sign of pneumothorax
Vanillymandelic acid test is done to detect - CORRECT ANSWER excess
catecholamines = epinephrine and norepinephrine = pheochromocytoma
RIFLE system - CORRECT ANSWER Risk of renal dysfunction
Injury to the kidney
Failure or
Loss of kidney function
End-stage kidney disease
What are the definitions of the IFLE of the RIFLE system? - CORRECT ANSWER
Injury = oliguria for 12 hrs
Failure = anuria for 12 hrs
Loss = no urine output with RRT for 4-12 weeks
ESKD = no urine output with RRT for more than 3 months
variant angina
-cause?
-ekg change?
-when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER -vasospasms
-yes, coronary artery spasms cause ekg changes from less oxygen to myocardium
(apparently stable angina doesn't cause ekg changes)
-occurs at rest, usually at same time every day
3 s/sx of hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER muscle cramps, muscle weakness,
cardiac dysrhythmias
which kind of glucocorticoid is more likely to slow linear growth in children? -
CORRECT ANSWER oral
dobutamine
-effect on BP
-effect on HR
-effect on cardiac output - CORRECT ANSWER -raises blood pressure
-raises HR
-increases cardiac output
antidysthythmic used during cardioversion to treat a fib - CORRECT ANSWER
diltiazem
QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS
What is a drug used to treat diabetes inspidus? What is a sign of the adverse effect of
water intoxication that may occur? - CORRECT ANSWER desmopressin
headache
What type of lesion is each of these skin conditions?
a. freckles or rubella rash
b. herpes simplex, poison ivy, chickenpox
c. allergic reaction
d. warts and elevated moles - CORRECT ANSWER a. macules
b. vesicles
c. wheal
d. papules
where should an estradiol patch be applied? - CORRECT ANSWER the
abdomen/trunk (not breasts)
when are the Hib and PCV13 (pneumococcal congudate) vaccines given to children? -
CORRECT ANSWER 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age
When is the Hep B vaccine given? - CORRECT ANSWER Birth (within 12 hrs), 1-2
months, 6-18 months
When is inactivated poliovirus vaccine given? - CORRECT ANSWER 2 months, 4
months, 6-18 months, 4-6 years old
TPN
-weigh how often?
-check blood glucose how often?
-change tubing how often?
-apply new dressing to IV site how often?
-what type of access - CORRECT ANSWER -daily weight
-check blood glucose q4
-new dressing to IV site every 2-3 days per facility
-change tubing once every 24 hrs
-central line
signs of deep vein thrombosis
-what would you see/feel?
-sensation?
,-pulses?
-temp?
-leg circumference? - CORRECT ANSWER -may see/feel a hardened vessel and
prominent superficial veins
-pt will feel pain/tenderness
-pulses not affected (that's arterial)
-skin may be warm
-increased leg circumference/swelling
Match the type of radiation with its description:
a. brachytherapy
b. teletherapy
c. stereotactic body radiotherapy
-radioactive insertions or infusions into or near the tumor
-precise delivery of high-dose radiation after tumor imafging
-radiation to the tumor from an external source - CORRECT ANSWER a.
brachytherapy - radiactive insertion/infusion into/near tumor
b. teletherapy - radiation from external source
c. stereotactic body radiotherapy - precise high-dose radiation after tumor imagingchl
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) - CORRECT ANSWER typical antipsychotic
anticholingergic effects
orthostatic hypotension
sedation
Should children with HIV get vaccines? - CORRECT ANSWER yes, all of them! full
dose, no delay, nothing special
#1 reason for death after MI - CORRECT ANSWER dysrhythmias
What is the effect of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia on the QT interval? - CORRECT
ANSWER hypercalcemia = shortened QT interval
hypocalcemia = prolonged QT interval
What is the effect of hyperkalemia and hypokalemia on an EKG? - CORRECT
ANSWER hyperkalemia = widened QRS and peaked T waves
hypokalemia = flatted T wave and cardiac dysrhythmias
What are some signs of adrenal insufficiency, an adverse effect of long-term use of
inhaled corticosteroids like fluticasone? - CORRECT ANSWER anorexia,
weakness, nausea, hypotension, hypoglycemia
,what are expected findings in mild preeclampsia? what would signify a progression to
severe preeclampsia? - CORRECT ANSWER proteinuria +2, elevated BUN (over
20), platelets <100,000 all expected
more severe - +4 deep tendon reflexes - patient needs to be hospitalized and get
magnesium to prevent seizures
bronchoscopy
-sedation?
-NPO?
-consent?
-head position?
-sputum specimen? - CORRECT ANSWER -pt will receive sedation and not
remember procedure
-NPO 4-8 hrs prior
-informed consent required
-neck hyperextended
-provider can obtain sputum specimens during it
meds if choice for chronic gout and gout attack? - CORRECT ANSWER allopurinol
and colchicine
complete intestinal obstruction
-bowel sounds?
-pass stool/flatus? - CORRECT ANSWER -bowel sounds HYPERACTIVE above
the obstruction and ABSENT below
-no flatus or stool
What condition would cause absent bowel sounds in all 4 quadrants? - CORRECT
ANSWER paralytic ileus
cardiac cath
-sedation?
-position/special things after?
-fluids?
-feeling when dye is injected - CORRECT ANSWER -mild sedation beforehand
-lie flat or with HOB slightly elevated (no more than 30 degrees) a few hours after. keep
leg straight - may get soft knee brace after
-lots of IV and oral fluids after to flush dye out
-warm feeling like hot flush when dye is injected
tactile fremitus and crackles are signs of what - CORRECT ANSWER pneumonia
, subcutaneous emphysema is aka what and is a sign of what - CORRECT ANSWER
crepitus
air leak into subq tissue - sign of pneumothorax
Vanillymandelic acid test is done to detect - CORRECT ANSWER excess
catecholamines = epinephrine and norepinephrine = pheochromocytoma
RIFLE system - CORRECT ANSWER Risk of renal dysfunction
Injury to the kidney
Failure or
Loss of kidney function
End-stage kidney disease
What are the definitions of the IFLE of the RIFLE system? - CORRECT ANSWER
Injury = oliguria for 12 hrs
Failure = anuria for 12 hrs
Loss = no urine output with RRT for 4-12 weeks
ESKD = no urine output with RRT for more than 3 months
variant angina
-cause?
-ekg change?
-when does it occur? - CORRECT ANSWER -vasospasms
-yes, coronary artery spasms cause ekg changes from less oxygen to myocardium
(apparently stable angina doesn't cause ekg changes)
-occurs at rest, usually at same time every day
3 s/sx of hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER muscle cramps, muscle weakness,
cardiac dysrhythmias
which kind of glucocorticoid is more likely to slow linear growth in children? -
CORRECT ANSWER oral
dobutamine
-effect on BP
-effect on HR
-effect on cardiac output - CORRECT ANSWER -raises blood pressure
-raises HR
-increases cardiac output
antidysthythmic used during cardioversion to treat a fib - CORRECT ANSWER
diltiazem
