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Chapter 1 RBCs and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends
g g g g g g g g g g
Multiple Choice
g
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
g g g g g g g g g g g
1. Which metabolic pathway is responsible for generating 90% of the ATP for the RBC?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Pentose phosphate shunt c. Glycolysis g g
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase g g g
2. A unit of blood was returned to the blood bank before it was spiked. Apparently the patient’s IV failed. The
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
unit of blood was outside the blood bank for 35 minutes. Which of the statements below is most accurate?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. The unit of blood should be discarded immediately.
g g g g g g g
b. The unit of blood can be returned to inventory.
g g g g g g g g
c. The unit of blood must be transfused within 4 hours or be discarded at the end of that time.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
d. The unit of blood must be transfused with 24 hours.
g g g g g g g g g
3. What is the average diameter of a platelet?
g g g g g g g
a. 5 to 10 µm g g g c. 1 to 2 µm g g g
b. 2 to 4 µm g g g d. 4 to 6 µmg g g g g
4. In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
when PO2 averages 40 mm Hg?
g g g g g g
a. 75% c. 100%
b. 25% d. 50% g
5. What factors are known to influence platelet metabolism and function?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Storage temperature c. Platelet count g g
b. Initial pH d. All of the above
g g g g g
6. Which of the following red blood cell morphologies may be present on the peripheral blood smear as a result
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
of loss of RBC membrane?
g g g g g
a. Spherocytes c. Burr cells g
b. Target cells d. Schistocytes
g g
7. What does the term autologous transfusion refer to?
g g g g g g g
a. A parent donating blood for his or her child
g g g g g g g g
b. An individual donating blood for a friend
g g g g g g
c. An individual donating blood for a relative
g g g g g g
d. An individual donating blood for his or her own transfusion
g g g g g g g g g
8. What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
g g g g g g
a. Iron metabolism g c. Oxygen transport g
b. Porphyrin synthesis g d. Signal transduction
g g
9. All of the following areas of red blood cell biology are crucial for normal erythrocyte survival except:
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Cellular metabolism. c. Site of the ABO antigen attachment.
g g g g g g
b. RBC membrane. d. Hemoglobin structure.
g g g
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g 10. What is the correct biochemical composition of the RBC membrane?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. 52% protein, 40% lipid, 8% carbohydrate g g g g g
b. 40% protein, 8% lipid, 52% carbohydrate g g g g g
c. 8% protein, 52% lipid, 40% carbohydrate
g g g g g
d. 8% lipid, 40% carbohydrate, 52% protein
g g g g g
g 11. All of the following biochemical changes are associated with loss of red blood cell viability upon storage
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
except:
a. Decreased pH. c. Increased ATP level. g g g
b. Loss of red blood cell function. d. Decreased glucose consumption.
g g g g g g g g
g 12. Which red blood cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. ACD c. AS-1
b. CPDA-1 d. CPD g g
g 13. The RBC membrane is relatively permeable to all of the following except:
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Chloride. c. Bicarbonate.
b. Sodium. d. Water. g
g 14. What percentage of platelets is sequestered in the spleen as functional reserve after being released from
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the bone marrow?
g g g
a. 30% c. 10%
b. 50% d. 25% g g
g 15. What is the major biochemical consideration in platelet storage?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Glucose metabolism c. Production of carbon dioxide
g g g g
b. Oxygen supply d. Regulation of pH g g g g
g 16. What would the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve depict in a patient exhibiting clinical signs
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
of alkalosis?
g g
a. Normal c. Shift to the right g g g
b. Shift to the left d. None of the above
g g g g g g g
g 17. Name the main lipid components of a red blood cell membrane.
g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Phospholipid c. Glycolipid
b. Sphingomyelin d. Glycophorin A g g
g 18. The ABO blood groups were discovered in 1901 by whom?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. Charles Drew c. Loutit and Mollisong g g
b. Karl Landsteiner d. Edward Lindeman
g g g
g 19. A standing order of platelets was shipped to your facility by your supplier. It was inadvertently left in the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
corner of the department until discovered 36 hours later. What would the appropriate action be for the blood
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
banker?g
a. If the temperature in the box was 22 +/- 2°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
OK to accept the unit into inventory.
g g g g g g g
b. The platelets have fallen outside the supplier’s quality assurance. The unit should be
g g g g g g g g g g g g
discarded because the pH has probably dropped too low and platelet activation has been
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
compromised. g
c. If the temperature was 1°C to 6°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
This gstudy gsource gwas gdownloaded gby g100000826342158 gfrom gCourseHero.com gon g09-15-2021 g17:54:15 gGMT g-
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accept the unit into inventory. g g g g
d. If the platelets appeared OK and passed the platelet swirl test after being placed on the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
agitator, they could be accepted into the inventory.
g g g g g g g g
g 20. Which metabolic pathway permits the accumulation of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. Glycolysis c. Pentose phosphate shunt g g
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase g g g
g 21. All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
except:
a. Increased 2,3-DPG. g
b. 50% O2 saturation to tissues.g g g g
c. Decreased 2,3-DPG. g
d. Decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2. g g g g
g 22. What is the normal platelet count range per cubic millimeter?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. 100 to 350 g c. 50,000 to 200,000
g g g
b. 150,000 to 350,000 d. 350,000 to 500,000
g g g g g
g 23. What cryoprotective agent is added to red blood cells upon freezing?
g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Dextrose c. Glycerol
b. Adsol d. All of the above g g g g
g 24. If platelets are to be stored for 5 days on a rotator, what is the optimal storage temperature?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. 1°C to 6°C g g c. 35°C to 37°C g g
b. 20°C to 24°C g d. 1°C to 10°C
g g g g
g 25. What role do platelets play in hemostasis?
g g g g g g g
a. Maintenance of vascular integrity g g g
b. Initial arrest of bleeding by platelet plug formation
g g g g g g g
c. Stabilization of the hemostatic plug g g g g
d. All of the above g g g
g 26. Which of the following best describes "integral" membrane proteins?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Reside at the cytoplasmic surface of membrane g g g g g g
b. Span the entire membrane surface g g g g
c. Form the red blood cell cytoskeleton g g g g g
d. None of the above g g g
g 27. How is stroma-free hemoglobin solution prepared?
g g g g g g
a. Outdated red blood cells are concentrated, and stroma is removed.
g g g g g g g g g
b. Outdated red blood cells are diluted with saline, and stroma is removed.
g g g g g g g g g g g
c. Outdated red blood cells are lysed, and stroma is removed. g g g g g g g g g
d. None of the above g g g
g 28. What is the normal life span of an RBC?
g g g g g g g g g
a. 100 days g c. 120 hours g
b. 120 days g d. 2 days g g
g 29. Regarding loss of RBC membrane deformability, all of the following are true except:
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Increase in ATP level. g g g
b. Decrease in ATP level. g g g
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Chapter 1 RBCs and Platelet Preservation: Historical Perspectives and Current Trends
g g g g g g g g g g
Multiple Choice
g
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
g g g g g g g g g g g
1. Which metabolic pathway is responsible for generating 90% of the ATP for the RBC?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Pentose phosphate shunt c. Glycolysis g g
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase g g g
2. A unit of blood was returned to the blood bank before it was spiked. Apparently the patient’s IV failed. The
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
unit of blood was outside the blood bank for 35 minutes. Which of the statements below is most accurate?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. The unit of blood should be discarded immediately.
g g g g g g g
b. The unit of blood can be returned to inventory.
g g g g g g g g
c. The unit of blood must be transfused within 4 hours or be discarded at the end of that time.
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
d. The unit of blood must be transfused with 24 hours.
g g g g g g g g g
3. What is the average diameter of a platelet?
g g g g g g g
a. 5 to 10 µm g g g c. 1 to 2 µm g g g
b. 2 to 4 µm g g g d. 4 to 6 µmg g g g g
4. In the normal hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
when PO2 averages 40 mm Hg?
g g g g g g
a. 75% c. 100%
b. 25% d. 50% g
5. What factors are known to influence platelet metabolism and function?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Storage temperature c. Platelet count g g
b. Initial pH d. All of the above
g g g g g
6. Which of the following red blood cell morphologies may be present on the peripheral blood smear as a result
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
of loss of RBC membrane?
g g g g g
a. Spherocytes c. Burr cells g
b. Target cells d. Schistocytes
g g
7. What does the term autologous transfusion refer to?
g g g g g g g
a. A parent donating blood for his or her child
g g g g g g g g
b. An individual donating blood for a friend
g g g g g g
c. An individual donating blood for a relative
g g g g g g
d. An individual donating blood for his or her own transfusion
g g g g g g g g g
8. What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
g g g g g g
a. Iron metabolism g c. Oxygen transport g
b. Porphyrin synthesis g d. Signal transduction
g g
9. All of the following areas of red blood cell biology are crucial for normal erythrocyte survival except:
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Cellular metabolism. c. Site of the ABO antigen attachment.
g g g g g g
b. RBC membrane. d. Hemoglobin structure.
g g g
This gstudy gsource gwas gdownloaded gby g100000826342158 gfrom gCourseHero.com gon g09-15-2021 g17:54:15 gGMT g-
05:00
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g 10. What is the correct biochemical composition of the RBC membrane?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. 52% protein, 40% lipid, 8% carbohydrate g g g g g
b. 40% protein, 8% lipid, 52% carbohydrate g g g g g
c. 8% protein, 52% lipid, 40% carbohydrate
g g g g g
d. 8% lipid, 40% carbohydrate, 52% protein
g g g g g
g 11. All of the following biochemical changes are associated with loss of red blood cell viability upon storage
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
except:
a. Decreased pH. c. Increased ATP level. g g g
b. Loss of red blood cell function. d. Decreased glucose consumption.
g g g g g g g g
g 12. Which red blood cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. ACD c. AS-1
b. CPDA-1 d. CPD g g
g 13. The RBC membrane is relatively permeable to all of the following except:
g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Chloride. c. Bicarbonate.
b. Sodium. d. Water. g
g 14. What percentage of platelets is sequestered in the spleen as functional reserve after being released from
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
the bone marrow?
g g g
a. 30% c. 10%
b. 50% d. 25% g g
g 15. What is the major biochemical consideration in platelet storage?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Glucose metabolism c. Production of carbon dioxide
g g g g
b. Oxygen supply d. Regulation of pH g g g g
g 16. What would the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve depict in a patient exhibiting clinical signs
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
of alkalosis?
g g
a. Normal c. Shift to the right g g g
b. Shift to the left d. None of the above
g g g g g g g
g 17. Name the main lipid components of a red blood cell membrane.
g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Phospholipid c. Glycolipid
b. Sphingomyelin d. Glycophorin A g g
g 18. The ABO blood groups were discovered in 1901 by whom?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. Charles Drew c. Loutit and Mollisong g g
b. Karl Landsteiner d. Edward Lindeman
g g g
g 19. A standing order of platelets was shipped to your facility by your supplier. It was inadvertently left in the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
corner of the department until discovered 36 hours later. What would the appropriate action be for the blood
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
banker?g
a. If the temperature in the box was 22 +/- 2°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
OK to accept the unit into inventory.
g g g g g g g
b. The platelets have fallen outside the supplier’s quality assurance. The unit should be
g g g g g g g g g g g g
discarded because the pH has probably dropped too low and platelet activation has been
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
compromised. g
c. If the temperature was 1°C to 6°C and the platelet swirl seemed OK, it would be OK to
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
This gstudy gsource gwas gdownloaded gby g100000826342158 gfrom gCourseHero.com gon g09-15-2021 g17:54:15 gGMT g-
05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/25537437/ch01rtf/
,https://www.stuvia.com/
accept the unit into inventory. g g g g
d. If the platelets appeared OK and passed the platelet swirl test after being placed on the
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
agitator, they could be accepted into the inventory.
g g g g g g g g
g 20. Which metabolic pathway permits the accumulation of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. Glycolysis c. Pentose phosphate shunt g g
b. Luebering-Rapoport shunt d. Methemoglobin reductase g g g
g 21. All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
except:
a. Increased 2,3-DPG. g
b. 50% O2 saturation to tissues.g g g g
c. Decreased 2,3-DPG. g
d. Decreased hemoglobin affinity for O2. g g g g
g 22. What is the normal platelet count range per cubic millimeter?
g g g g g g g g g g
a. 100 to 350 g c. 50,000 to 200,000
g g g
b. 150,000 to 350,000 d. 350,000 to 500,000
g g g g g
g 23. What cryoprotective agent is added to red blood cells upon freezing?
g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Dextrose c. Glycerol
b. Adsol d. All of the above g g g g
g 24. If platelets are to be stored for 5 days on a rotator, what is the optimal storage temperature?
g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. 1°C to 6°C g g c. 35°C to 37°C g g
b. 20°C to 24°C g d. 1°C to 10°C
g g g g
g 25. What role do platelets play in hemostasis?
g g g g g g g
a. Maintenance of vascular integrity g g g
b. Initial arrest of bleeding by platelet plug formation
g g g g g g g
c. Stabilization of the hemostatic plug g g g g
d. All of the above g g g
g 26. Which of the following best describes "integral" membrane proteins?
g g g g g g g g g
a. Reside at the cytoplasmic surface of membrane g g g g g g
b. Span the entire membrane surface g g g g
c. Form the red blood cell cytoskeleton g g g g g
d. None of the above g g g
g 27. How is stroma-free hemoglobin solution prepared?
g g g g g g
a. Outdated red blood cells are concentrated, and stroma is removed.
g g g g g g g g g
b. Outdated red blood cells are diluted with saline, and stroma is removed.
g g g g g g g g g g g
c. Outdated red blood cells are lysed, and stroma is removed. g g g g g g g g g
d. None of the above g g g
g 28. What is the normal life span of an RBC?
g g g g g g g g g
a. 100 days g c. 120 hours g
b. 120 days g d. 2 days g g
g 29. Regarding loss of RBC membrane deformability, all of the following are true except:
g g g g g g g g g g g g g
a. Increase in ATP level. g g g
b. Decrease in ATP level. g g g
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05:00
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