CPH – Epidemiology 2024/2025 Exam
Questions and Corresponding Answers
with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
Accuracy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The degree to which a measurement or an estimate
based on measurements represents the true value of the attribute that is being
measured.
Acute disease - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) Referring to a health effect, with sudden
onset, often brief, sometimes loosely used to mean severe; (2) Referring to
exposure, either brief, intense, or short-term, sometimes specifically referring
to brief exposure of high intensity.
Adjusted rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A rate in which the effects of differences in
composition of the populations being compared have been minimized by
statistical methods.
Age-specific rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A rate for a specified age group. The numerator
and denominator refer to the same age group.
Association - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Correlation; [statistical] dependence, relationship;
statistical dependence between two or more events, characteristics, or other
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,variables. An association is present if the probability of occurrence of an event
or characteristic or the quantity of a variable, depends upon the occurrence of
one or more other events, the presence of one or more other characteristics, or
the quantity of one or more other variables.
Attack rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The cumulative incidence of infection in a group
observed over a period during an epidemic.
Attributable risk - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The rate (proportion) of a disease or other
outcome in exposed individuals that can be attributed to the exposure. This
measure is derived by subtracting the rate of the outcome among the
unexposed from the rate among the exposed individuals; it is assumed that
causes other than the one under investigation have had equal effects on the
exposed and unexposed groups.
Bias - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Deviation of results or inference from the truth, or
processes leading to such deviation. Any trend in the collection, analysis,
interpretation, publication, or review of data that can lead to conclusions that
are systematically different from the truth.
Case - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔In epidemiology, a person in the population or study group
identified as having the particular disease, health disorder, or condition under
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, investigation. The epidemiologic definition of a case is not necessarily the same
as the ordinary clinical definition.
Case-control study - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Case comparison study; the observational
epidemiological study of persons with the disease (or other outcome variable)
of interest and a suitable control (comparison, reference) group of persons
without the disease.
Case fatality rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The proportion of cases of a specified
condition which are fatal within a specified time.
Cause (determinant) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Factor or event that is capable of bringing
about a change in health.
Cause-specific rate (specific rate) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A rate that specifies events,
such as deaths, according to their cause.
Chronic - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) Referring to a health-related state, lasting a long
time; (2) Referring to exposure, prolonged or long-term, often with specific
reference to low intensity; (3) The US National Center for Health Statistics
defines a "chronic" conditions as one of 3 months or longer.
Clinical - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concerned with or based on actual observation and
treatment of disease in patients rather than experimentation or theory.
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Questions and Corresponding Answers
with Surety of 100% Pass Mark
Accuracy - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The degree to which a measurement or an estimate
based on measurements represents the true value of the attribute that is being
measured.
Acute disease - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) Referring to a health effect, with sudden
onset, often brief, sometimes loosely used to mean severe; (2) Referring to
exposure, either brief, intense, or short-term, sometimes specifically referring
to brief exposure of high intensity.
Adjusted rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A rate in which the effects of differences in
composition of the populations being compared have been minimized by
statistical methods.
Age-specific rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A rate for a specified age group. The numerator
and denominator refer to the same age group.
Association - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Correlation; [statistical] dependence, relationship;
statistical dependence between two or more events, characteristics, or other
Page 1 of 24
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,variables. An association is present if the probability of occurrence of an event
or characteristic or the quantity of a variable, depends upon the occurrence of
one or more other events, the presence of one or more other characteristics, or
the quantity of one or more other variables.
Attack rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The cumulative incidence of infection in a group
observed over a period during an epidemic.
Attributable risk - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The rate (proportion) of a disease or other
outcome in exposed individuals that can be attributed to the exposure. This
measure is derived by subtracting the rate of the outcome among the
unexposed from the rate among the exposed individuals; it is assumed that
causes other than the one under investigation have had equal effects on the
exposed and unexposed groups.
Bias - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Deviation of results or inference from the truth, or
processes leading to such deviation. Any trend in the collection, analysis,
interpretation, publication, or review of data that can lead to conclusions that
are systematically different from the truth.
Case - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔In epidemiology, a person in the population or study group
identified as having the particular disease, health disorder, or condition under
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619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, investigation. The epidemiologic definition of a case is not necessarily the same
as the ordinary clinical definition.
Case-control study - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Case comparison study; the observational
epidemiological study of persons with the disease (or other outcome variable)
of interest and a suitable control (comparison, reference) group of persons
without the disease.
Case fatality rate - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The proportion of cases of a specified
condition which are fatal within a specified time.
Cause (determinant) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Factor or event that is capable of bringing
about a change in health.
Cause-specific rate (specific rate) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A rate that specifies events,
such as deaths, according to their cause.
Chronic - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) Referring to a health-related state, lasting a long
time; (2) Referring to exposure, prolonged or long-term, often with specific
reference to low intensity; (3) The US National Center for Health Statistics
defines a "chronic" conditions as one of 3 months or longer.
Clinical - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concerned with or based on actual observation and
treatment of disease in patients rather than experimentation or theory.
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619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
