Caring for Clients with Neurologic
Disorders Timby Chapter 37 2024/2025
Exam Questions and Answers | A+
Score Assured
Increased Intracranial Pressure-
Cranium:
% brain
% blood
% cerebrospinal fluid - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔80% Brain
10% Blood
10% Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Monro-Kellie Hypothesis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔if one or more cranium contents
increase significantly without a decreased in either or both of the other two,
incranial pressure becomes elevated.
Values to Know
- Normals:
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔5-15 mmHg
-if gets to high blood flow will stop to the brain
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,Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-70 mmHg - 100 mmHg
- keeps brain at proper pressure
How do we calculate CPP?? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-CPP = MAP - ICP
- MAP = 2DBP + SBP / 3
what if CPP is too high?
what if too low? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- cause edema and swelling- H
- not enough oxygen
Normal ICP
Pathophysiology
- What impacts ICP? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Autoregulation
- compensation: if oxygen drops then vessels in brain to dilate. if the pressure is
high it will constrict.
Increased ICP (IICP)
-Pathophysiology - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Failure of autoregulation and compensation
mechanisms
- Leads to herniates through foramen magnum respiration, hr, bp and the
functions of descending and ascending nerve fibers affects
Signs and Symptoms
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, o Early of ICP - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- drowsiness, difficult to awaken
- restlessness
- confusion
- irritability
- Glasgow coma scale > 13
- personality changes
- sluggish/ unequal pupil response
- weakness in arm/ legs
- slow/ slurred speech
- dull headache, especially upon awakening
- vomiting w/o nausea
pupiledema: swelling of the optic nerve. pupil response is unequal. one
becomes sluggishly and the other becomes fixed and dilated
late signs of ICP - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- unresponsive
- Glasgow coma <12
- decreased response to painful stimuli
-decorticate or decerebrate posturing
- increased weakness or hemiparesis
- dilated pupil
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619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Disorders Timby Chapter 37 2024/2025
Exam Questions and Answers | A+
Score Assured
Increased Intracranial Pressure-
Cranium:
% brain
% blood
% cerebrospinal fluid - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔80% Brain
10% Blood
10% Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Monro-Kellie Hypothesis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔if one or more cranium contents
increase significantly without a decreased in either or both of the other two,
incranial pressure becomes elevated.
Values to Know
- Normals:
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔5-15 mmHg
-if gets to high blood flow will stop to the brain
Page 1 of 24
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-70 mmHg - 100 mmHg
- keeps brain at proper pressure
How do we calculate CPP?? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-CPP = MAP - ICP
- MAP = 2DBP + SBP / 3
what if CPP is too high?
what if too low? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- cause edema and swelling- H
- not enough oxygen
Normal ICP
Pathophysiology
- What impacts ICP? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Autoregulation
- compensation: if oxygen drops then vessels in brain to dilate. if the pressure is
high it will constrict.
Increased ICP (IICP)
-Pathophysiology - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔-Failure of autoregulation and compensation
mechanisms
- Leads to herniates through foramen magnum respiration, hr, bp and the
functions of descending and ascending nerve fibers affects
Signs and Symptoms
Page 2 of 24
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, o Early of ICP - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- drowsiness, difficult to awaken
- restlessness
- confusion
- irritability
- Glasgow coma scale > 13
- personality changes
- sluggish/ unequal pupil response
- weakness in arm/ legs
- slow/ slurred speech
- dull headache, especially upon awakening
- vomiting w/o nausea
pupiledema: swelling of the optic nerve. pupil response is unequal. one
becomes sluggishly and the other becomes fixed and dilated
late signs of ICP - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- unresponsive
- Glasgow coma <12
- decreased response to painful stimuli
-decorticate or decerebrate posturing
- increased weakness or hemiparesis
- dilated pupil
Page 3 of 24
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
