(Quiz)
A 40 year-old male has been diagnosed with acute bacterial prostatitis. His
prostate specific antigen (PSA) is elevated on diagnosis. How soon should
his PSA be rechecked?
2-3 days1 week2 weeks4 weeks Correct
Explanation:
Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values.
Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial
prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated
serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.
(Quiz)
A patient with testicular torsion will have a:
positive cremasteric reflex on the affected side.negative
cremasteric reflex on the affected side. Correctpositive
cremasteric reflex bilaterally.negative cremasteric reflex
bilaterally.
Explanation:
A patient with testicular torsion will have a negative cremasteric reflex and
a high riding testis. There can also be profound testicular swelling and an
acute onset of scrotal pain.
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, (Quiz)
A common presentation of an inguinal hernia is:
groin or abdominal pain with a scrotal mass. Correctan abdominal mass
without pain.scrotal and abdominal masses.abdominal pain and scrotal
erythema.
Explanation:
An inguinal hernia is characterized by herniation of bowel or omentum
into the scrotum. It typically presents with scrotal pain and a scrotal mass
or scrotal swelling. Abdominal or groin pain with a scrotal mass is a
common presentation. Bowel sounds may be audible in the scrotum.
(Quiz)
What class of medications can be used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia
and provide immediate relief? Alpha-1 blockers Correct5-alpha reductase
inhibitorsDiureticsAnalgesics
Explanation:
Alpha blockers (alpha-adrenergic antagonists) provide immediate relief of
symptoms. The alpha-1 receptors are abundant in the prostate gland and
base of the bladder. The body of the bladder has very few alpha-1 receptors.
Those alpha blockers most commonly used are terazosin, doxazosin,
tamsulosin, and alfuzosin. Prazosin is a short-acting and so has less utility
than the other agents mentioned.
(Quiz)
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, A 65 year-old patient has a firm, non-tender, symmetrical enlarged prostate
gland on examination. His PSA is 3.9 ng/mL. This probably indicates:
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, prostate cancer.benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Correctprostate
infection.a perfectly normal prostate gland.
Explanation:
This probably indicates BPH. These findings of the prostate gland do not
rule out prostate cancer. A prostate infection usually produces greater
elevations in PSA as well as a tender gland. A PSA > 2.5 ng/mL in this
instance may reflect PSA changes seen with BPH. An important historical
note would be the value of his last PSA for comparison as well as to assess
for PSA velocity.
(Quiz)
What symptom listed below might be seen in a male patient with benign
prostatic hyperplasia? DysuriaNocturia CorrectLow back painPain with
bearing down
Explanation:
Men with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) have some classic symptoms
that include: hesitancy, urgency, post-void dribbling, and frequency. They
will seek help for these symptoms. Although these symptoms are typical of
BPH, prostate cancer can also present in the same way.
(Quiz)
The risk of HIV transmission is increased:
when other STDs are present. Correctin females.when patients are aware of
their HIV status.in patients with diabetes.
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, Explanation:
There are several risk factors for HIV transmission. Viral load is likely the
greatest risk factor. The presence of STDs increases the risk of HIV
transmission. Specifically, the presence of chlamydia increases the risk of
acquiring HIV by 5 times. Lack of circumcision increases the risk of
transmission..
(Quiz)
A 25 year-old female presents with lower abdominal pain. Which finding
below would likely indicate the etiology as pelvic inflammatory disease?
Presence of hyphaeHematuriaTemperature > 101F CorrectNormal sedimentation rate
Explanation:
Symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disorder (PID) include oral temperature
> 101 F (38.8C), abnormal cervical or vaginal mucopurulent discharge,
presence of abundant WBCs on microscopy or vaginal secretions, elevated
sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein. CDC has indicated empiric
treatment for PID if lower abdominal pain or pelvic pain is present
concurrently with cervical motion tenderness or uterine/adnexal tenderness.
(Quiz)
A male patient presents with dysuria. He states that his female partner has an
STD, but he is not sure which one. Which of these should be part of the
differential?
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
A 40 year-old male has been diagnosed with acute bacterial prostatitis. His
prostate specific antigen (PSA) is elevated on diagnosis. How soon should
his PSA be rechecked?
2-3 days1 week2 weeks4 weeks Correct
Explanation:
Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values.
Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial
prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated
serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.
(Quiz)
A patient with testicular torsion will have a:
positive cremasteric reflex on the affected side.negative
cremasteric reflex on the affected side. Correctpositive
cremasteric reflex bilaterally.negative cremasteric reflex
bilaterally.
Explanation:
A patient with testicular torsion will have a negative cremasteric reflex and
a high riding testis. There can also be profound testicular swelling and an
acute onset of scrotal pain.
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, (Quiz)
A common presentation of an inguinal hernia is:
groin or abdominal pain with a scrotal mass. Correctan abdominal mass
without pain.scrotal and abdominal masses.abdominal pain and scrotal
erythema.
Explanation:
An inguinal hernia is characterized by herniation of bowel or omentum
into the scrotum. It typically presents with scrotal pain and a scrotal mass
or scrotal swelling. Abdominal or groin pain with a scrotal mass is a
common presentation. Bowel sounds may be audible in the scrotum.
(Quiz)
What class of medications can be used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia
and provide immediate relief? Alpha-1 blockers Correct5-alpha reductase
inhibitorsDiureticsAnalgesics
Explanation:
Alpha blockers (alpha-adrenergic antagonists) provide immediate relief of
symptoms. The alpha-1 receptors are abundant in the prostate gland and
base of the bladder. The body of the bladder has very few alpha-1 receptors.
Those alpha blockers most commonly used are terazosin, doxazosin,
tamsulosin, and alfuzosin. Prazosin is a short-acting and so has less utility
than the other agents mentioned.
(Quiz)
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, A 65 year-old patient has a firm, non-tender, symmetrical enlarged prostate
gland on examination. His PSA is 3.9 ng/mL. This probably indicates:
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, prostate cancer.benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Correctprostate
infection.a perfectly normal prostate gland.
Explanation:
This probably indicates BPH. These findings of the prostate gland do not
rule out prostate cancer. A prostate infection usually produces greater
elevations in PSA as well as a tender gland. A PSA > 2.5 ng/mL in this
instance may reflect PSA changes seen with BPH. An important historical
note would be the value of his last PSA for comparison as well as to assess
for PSA velocity.
(Quiz)
What symptom listed below might be seen in a male patient with benign
prostatic hyperplasia? DysuriaNocturia CorrectLow back painPain with
bearing down
Explanation:
Men with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) have some classic symptoms
that include: hesitancy, urgency, post-void dribbling, and frequency. They
will seek help for these symptoms. Although these symptoms are typical of
BPH, prostate cancer can also present in the same way.
(Quiz)
The risk of HIV transmission is increased:
when other STDs are present. Correctin females.when patients are aware of
their HIV status.in patients with diabetes.
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
, Explanation:
There are several risk factors for HIV transmission. Viral load is likely the
greatest risk factor. The presence of STDs increases the risk of HIV
transmission. Specifically, the presence of chlamydia increases the risk of
acquiring HIV by 5 times. Lack of circumcision increases the risk of
transmission..
(Quiz)
A 25 year-old female presents with lower abdominal pain. Which finding
below would likely indicate the etiology as pelvic inflammatory disease?
Presence of hyphaeHematuriaTemperature > 101F CorrectNormal sedimentation rate
Explanation:
Symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disorder (PID) include oral temperature
> 101 F (38.8C), abnormal cervical or vaginal mucopurulent discharge,
presence of abundant WBCs on microscopy or vaginal secretions, elevated
sedimentation rate or C-reactive protein. CDC has indicated empiric
treatment for PID if lower abdominal pain or pelvic pain is present
concurrently with cervical motion tenderness or uterine/adnexal tenderness.
(Quiz)
A male patient presents with dysuria. He states that his female partner has an
STD, but he is not sure which one. Which of these should be part of the
differential?
_________________Prostate infection or inflammation can cause a sharp rise in PSA values. Elective PSA should be deferred for four weeks after an episode of bacterial prostatitis. Checking prior to this time will likely result in an elevated serum PSA level and unnecessary testing and worry for the patient.#^&$^$(*$@#$@!
