MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING CONCEPTS AND
PRACTICE 3RD ED: CHAPTER 19 CARE OF
PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC DISORDERS EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE!!!
,What is the QRS complex? - ANSWER Ventricular depolarization (Contraction)
What are the most common causes of heart failure? - ANSWER CAD
uncontrolled HTN
What are other contributing factors of heart failure? - ANSWER toxins (cocaine,
NSAIDs, alcohol)
infection
anemia
myocarditis, endocarditis,pericarditis
valve dysfunction
damage to myocardium after MI
dysrhythmias
fluid overload
PE
chronic pulmonary disease
thiamine deficiency
stress
What population have a higher incidence and higher mortality rates in heart failure? -
ANSWER African Americans
What occurs in heart failure? - ANSWER congestion develops because the heart is
unable to move the amount of blood it receives, causing the heart to become exhausted
trying to overcome the pressure in the vessels.
What is class I heart failure? - ANSWER ordinary physical activity with no symptoms
What is class II heart failure? - ANSWER dyspnea with long distance walking or
strenuous activity
What is class III heart failure? - ANSWER Dyspnea and fatigue with short-distance
walking or mild to moderate activity
What is class IV heart failure? - ANSWER Dyspnea at rest or very little activity
What is the function of the left-sided heart pump? - ANSWER it receives blood from the
lungs and pumps it out to the body
What is the function of the right-sided heart pump? - ANSWER it receives blood from
the body and pumps it into the lungs for oxygenation
, What heart failure usually occurs first? - ANSWER left heart failure
What usually causes right sided heart failure? - ANSWER chronic pulmonary disease
What are the subdivisions of left heart failure? - ANSWER systolic heart failure
diastolic heart failure
What causes systolic heart failure? - ANSWER anything that interferes with blood
ejection from the ventricles, such as MI, dilated cardiomyopathy, aortic or pulmonic
stenosis.
A is a "hallmark" sign of diastolic heart failure? - ANSWER jugular vein distention
How is the ejection fraction determined? - ANSWER echo or left heart cath
What will happen in right heart failure? - ANSWER edema in lower extremities
fluid will build up in liver & abdominal organs
impaired renal fx & urination thus fluid build up
mental confusion/irritability
What are other causes of right heart failure? - ANSWER Pulmonary stenosis
Pulmonary hypertension
Severe emphysema
Right ventricular MI
What causes left heart failure? - ANSWER Hypertension
Coronary artery disease
MI
Mitral or aortic valvular disease
What are the characteristics of right heart failure? - ANSWER Increased pump pressure
R atrium & R ventricle myocardium thickens
Strength of contraction weakens
What are the characteristics of left heart failure? - ANSWER Weakened left ventricle
reduced cardiac output
Blood backs up into atrium & pulmonary system
What are the s/s of right heart failure? - ANSWER Fatigue
Edema in sacrum/lower extremities
PRACTICE 3RD ED: CHAPTER 19 CARE OF
PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC DISORDERS EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% ACCURATE!!!
,What is the QRS complex? - ANSWER Ventricular depolarization (Contraction)
What are the most common causes of heart failure? - ANSWER CAD
uncontrolled HTN
What are other contributing factors of heart failure? - ANSWER toxins (cocaine,
NSAIDs, alcohol)
infection
anemia
myocarditis, endocarditis,pericarditis
valve dysfunction
damage to myocardium after MI
dysrhythmias
fluid overload
PE
chronic pulmonary disease
thiamine deficiency
stress
What population have a higher incidence and higher mortality rates in heart failure? -
ANSWER African Americans
What occurs in heart failure? - ANSWER congestion develops because the heart is
unable to move the amount of blood it receives, causing the heart to become exhausted
trying to overcome the pressure in the vessels.
What is class I heart failure? - ANSWER ordinary physical activity with no symptoms
What is class II heart failure? - ANSWER dyspnea with long distance walking or
strenuous activity
What is class III heart failure? - ANSWER Dyspnea and fatigue with short-distance
walking or mild to moderate activity
What is class IV heart failure? - ANSWER Dyspnea at rest or very little activity
What is the function of the left-sided heart pump? - ANSWER it receives blood from the
lungs and pumps it out to the body
What is the function of the right-sided heart pump? - ANSWER it receives blood from
the body and pumps it into the lungs for oxygenation
, What heart failure usually occurs first? - ANSWER left heart failure
What usually causes right sided heart failure? - ANSWER chronic pulmonary disease
What are the subdivisions of left heart failure? - ANSWER systolic heart failure
diastolic heart failure
What causes systolic heart failure? - ANSWER anything that interferes with blood
ejection from the ventricles, such as MI, dilated cardiomyopathy, aortic or pulmonic
stenosis.
A is a "hallmark" sign of diastolic heart failure? - ANSWER jugular vein distention
How is the ejection fraction determined? - ANSWER echo or left heart cath
What will happen in right heart failure? - ANSWER edema in lower extremities
fluid will build up in liver & abdominal organs
impaired renal fx & urination thus fluid build up
mental confusion/irritability
What are other causes of right heart failure? - ANSWER Pulmonary stenosis
Pulmonary hypertension
Severe emphysema
Right ventricular MI
What causes left heart failure? - ANSWER Hypertension
Coronary artery disease
MI
Mitral or aortic valvular disease
What are the characteristics of right heart failure? - ANSWER Increased pump pressure
R atrium & R ventricle myocardium thickens
Strength of contraction weakens
What are the characteristics of left heart failure? - ANSWER Weakened left ventricle
reduced cardiac output
Blood backs up into atrium & pulmonary system
What are the s/s of right heart failure? - ANSWER Fatigue
Edema in sacrum/lower extremities
