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chapter 1: v
evolution of nursing and nursing educationmultiple
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choice
1. The nurse realizes that the primary focus of nursing is on the:
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a. illness.
c. treatment of the illness. v v v
b. cause of the illness. v v v
d. client’s response to the illness. v v v v
- ANSWER: D v
Nursing requires a delicate balance of promoting clients’ independence and depende
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nce. Nursing focuses not on illness but rather on the client’s response to illness. The p
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ractice of physicians or medicine focuses on the cause of the illnessand the treatment
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of the illness.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis v REF: Introduction v
2. While studying the history of nursing, the nurse realizes that the firsth
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ospital in the West was established by:
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a. Fabiola. c. Florence Nightingale. v
b. Hygiea. d. Dorothea Dix.
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- ANSWER: A v
Fabiola founded the first hospital in 390 AD. Hygiea was the goddess of health accor
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ding to the ancient Greeks. Florence Nightingale is considered the founder of
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modern nursing, and she lived from 1820 to 1910. Dorothea Dix practiced nursingdur
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ing the Civil War.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis v REF: Table 1-1| Evolution of Nursing
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3. The nurse realizes that religion affected the development of nursing whichb
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egan:
a. in India around 800-600 BC.
v v v v c. during the Middle Ages. v v v
b. during the Roman Empire. v v v d. at the time of the Renaissance.
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- ANSWER: A v
The strong influence of religions on the development of nursing started in Indiabe
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tween 800 to 600 BC. The crusades of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance occu
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rred after 600 BC. There is no documentation of religious influences on thedevelo
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pment of nursing during the Roman Empire.
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PTS: 1 v vvvvvv DIF: Analysis v vvvvvv REF: Religious Influences v v
4. Reflecting on the impact of wars on the evolution of nursing, the nursere v v v v v v v v v v v v v
alizes that: v
a. the need for nurses increased during and after major wars.
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b. poor conditions during wars caused a decline in nursing care.
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c. wars have been the stimulus for most nursing advances.
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d. wars have had little effect on the evolution of nursing.
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- ANSWER: A v
During wartime, the need for nurses increases dramatically, both at home and in the f
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ield. Poor conditions during wars did not cause a decline in nursing care. Warsmay or
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vmay not have been the stimulus for nursing advances; however, wars have effected t
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he evolution of nursing care.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis v REF: Demands of War v v v
5. The nurse realizes that which of the following is a belief that FlorenceN
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ightingale had about nursing education?
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a. Basing education on a holistic framework inclusive of illness and health
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b. Needing a practical basis for nursing practice
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c. Creating an environment that serves physicians is most important
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d. Basing the nursing curriculum on medical knowledge
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- ANSWER: A v
Florence Nightingale had specific beliefs about nursing education. The first is thatit i
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s based upon a holistic framework inclusive of illness and health. Nightingale also be
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lieved that there is a need for a theoretical basis for nursing practice and nota practical
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vbasis. She also believed in the importance of creating an environment that promotes
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healing and not an environment that served physicians. One additional belief was tha
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t the nursing curriculum should be based upon nursing knowledge and not medical k
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nowledge.
PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis v REF: Florence Nightingale (1820 - 1910)
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6. The nurse realizes that the Nightingale Training School of Nurses at St.T
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homas’s Hospital in London was:
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a. the first school of nursing in the West.
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b. the first nursing school to provide both theory-
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based knowledge and clinicalskill building.
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c. the first school of nursing to accept women.
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d. established to provide nurses to fight in the Crimean War.
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