Healthcare Research and Statistics C431
Environmental factors - ANSWER A week-long cruise ended in a premature
early return because a majority of passengers fell ill from norovirus. The
previous day before the outbreak, all passengers had dinner at a huge buffet on
board. The cruise visited several islands so that the passengers could eat, drink,
and experience the culture of different places before returning home.
What triggered the spread of this disease?
Vaccination refusal - ANSWER A recent outbreak of pertussis has been linked
to a local daycare. Medical professionals are concerned that the community
immunity is at fault.
Which influencing element does contribute to the community's immunity in this
case?
This is so because having the most accurate information helps healthcare
workers protect themselves and others while being able to give the best care for
infected patients. - ANSWER Ebola is a potentially fatal disease that has
recently spread throughout several continents. Following this outbreak, the
Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization strongly
encouraged screening at multiple levels while using epidemiology to study and
gather information about best practices for preventing and treating this disease.
,Why would these groups want to use epidemiology to determine who may be a
carrier of the disease?
500/34,000 = 0.015 or 1.5% - ANSWER On July 1 of a specific year, there are
34,000 people living in a rural town. Of these, 2,000 have psoriasis. Of the
2,000, 1,500 are over age 40 and 500 are under age 40.
What is the point prevalence for psoriasis for people under age 40 in this town?
150/1,100 = 0.136 ANSWER Between January 1 and March 1, 100 residents of
a small town were diagnosed with influenza. The population of the town is
1,200. For the rest of the year, an additional 150 cases of influenza were
reported.
Incidence risk of influenza in this town from March 1 through the end of the
year is
Administering the medication in a timely manner - ANSWER Over the past
several years, many outbreaks of influenza, a highly contagious disease, have
occurred in long-term care and residential settings. In an effort to help fight
these outbreaks, several organizations have researched standard protocols
relating to initial care for the patients when the disease is initially detected.
Protocols of treatment of early intervention have led to positive case results.
Which of the following initial interventions, related to evidence-based practice,
will help reduce the spread of influenza?
Skin care treatment for patients in isolation - ANSWER A patient with an
undiagnosed scabies parasite in the skin was transferred into a long-term care
setting. With this patient, the rehabilitation facility contracted an outbreak of
, scabies. The facility isolated the patients, researched options for treatment, and
decided, based on setting, to give all patients treatment to deter the outbreak
from spreading.
Which evidence-based practice was utilized in this situation?
Pregnancy of multiple embryos - ANSWER A number of couples underwent
an in vitro fertilization experimental clinical drug trial. The researcher has
observed an unusually high complication rate with the administration of the
drug.
What kind of treatment harm is involved with this clinical trial?
Physical risk
Risk of confidentiality - ANSWER A needle exchange program is being
initiated and the primary aim of this initiative is to lessen the risk to individual
and public health from human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. The needle
exchange program will only exchange new syringes for known HIV positive
intravenous, or IV, drug users.
What are two risks this program presents to the community and to the
individuals?
Select 2 answers
Change the protocol
Environmental factors - ANSWER A week-long cruise ended in a premature
early return because a majority of passengers fell ill from norovirus. The
previous day before the outbreak, all passengers had dinner at a huge buffet on
board. The cruise visited several islands so that the passengers could eat, drink,
and experience the culture of different places before returning home.
What triggered the spread of this disease?
Vaccination refusal - ANSWER A recent outbreak of pertussis has been linked
to a local daycare. Medical professionals are concerned that the community
immunity is at fault.
Which influencing element does contribute to the community's immunity in this
case?
This is so because having the most accurate information helps healthcare
workers protect themselves and others while being able to give the best care for
infected patients. - ANSWER Ebola is a potentially fatal disease that has
recently spread throughout several continents. Following this outbreak, the
Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization strongly
encouraged screening at multiple levels while using epidemiology to study and
gather information about best practices for preventing and treating this disease.
,Why would these groups want to use epidemiology to determine who may be a
carrier of the disease?
500/34,000 = 0.015 or 1.5% - ANSWER On July 1 of a specific year, there are
34,000 people living in a rural town. Of these, 2,000 have psoriasis. Of the
2,000, 1,500 are over age 40 and 500 are under age 40.
What is the point prevalence for psoriasis for people under age 40 in this town?
150/1,100 = 0.136 ANSWER Between January 1 and March 1, 100 residents of
a small town were diagnosed with influenza. The population of the town is
1,200. For the rest of the year, an additional 150 cases of influenza were
reported.
Incidence risk of influenza in this town from March 1 through the end of the
year is
Administering the medication in a timely manner - ANSWER Over the past
several years, many outbreaks of influenza, a highly contagious disease, have
occurred in long-term care and residential settings. In an effort to help fight
these outbreaks, several organizations have researched standard protocols
relating to initial care for the patients when the disease is initially detected.
Protocols of treatment of early intervention have led to positive case results.
Which of the following initial interventions, related to evidence-based practice,
will help reduce the spread of influenza?
Skin care treatment for patients in isolation - ANSWER A patient with an
undiagnosed scabies parasite in the skin was transferred into a long-term care
setting. With this patient, the rehabilitation facility contracted an outbreak of
, scabies. The facility isolated the patients, researched options for treatment, and
decided, based on setting, to give all patients treatment to deter the outbreak
from spreading.
Which evidence-based practice was utilized in this situation?
Pregnancy of multiple embryos - ANSWER A number of couples underwent
an in vitro fertilization experimental clinical drug trial. The researcher has
observed an unusually high complication rate with the administration of the
drug.
What kind of treatment harm is involved with this clinical trial?
Physical risk
Risk of confidentiality - ANSWER A needle exchange program is being
initiated and the primary aim of this initiative is to lessen the risk to individual
and public health from human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. The needle
exchange program will only exchange new syringes for known HIV positive
intravenous, or IV, drug users.
What are two risks this program presents to the community and to the
individuals?
Select 2 answers
Change the protocol
