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,Atcn 2024 Chapter 2 Airway And
Ventilatory Management Questions And
Answers With Complete Solutions
_____________________________________ must be administered to all severely
injured trauma patients - ANSWER✔✔ Supplemental oxygen
Airway compromise can be sudden and complete,, insidious and partial, and /
progressive and recurrent. Although it is often related to pain, or anxiety, or both
________________________________ can be a subtle early sign of airway and/or
ventilatory compromise. - ANSWER✔✔ Tachypnea
A positive, appropriate verbal response with a clear voice indicates : -
ANSWER✔✔ That the patients airway is patent, ventilation is intact, and brain
perfusion is sufficient. Failure to respond or an inappropriate response suggests
an altered level of consciousness that may be result of airway or ventilatory
compromise or both.
___________________________________________________________ is
defined as a tube placed in the trachea with the cuff inflates below the vocal
cords, the tube connected to a form of oxygen enriched assisted ventilation, and
the airway secured in place with an appropriate stabilizing method. - ANSWER✔✔
Definitive Airway
Maintaining ____________________________ and preventing
______________________________ are critical in managing trauma patients,
especially those who have sustained head injuries. - ANSWER✔✔ Oxygenation
And preventing hypoxia
,An understanding of the ____________________________________. Is
mandatory to providing adequate airway management while anticipating the
risks. - ANSWER✔✔ Understanding the type of injury
This injury is indicated by a triad of clinical signs:
Hoarseness
Subcutaneous emphysema
Palpable fractures - ANSWER✔✔ Laryngeal Trauma
________________________________________ can cause abnormal breathing
patterns and compromise adequacy of ventilation. - ANSWER✔✔ Intracranial
Injury
Cervical spinal cord injury can result in respiratory muscle paresis and paralysis.
Cervical injuries below _________________ result in maintenance of the
diaphragmatic function but loss of the intercostal and abdominal muscles
contribution to respiration. - ANSWER✔✔ C 3
Typically these patients display a seesaw pattern of breathing in which the
abdomen is pushed out with inspiration, while the lower rib cage is pulled in.
______________________________ patients may sustain significant thoracic
injuries without rib fractures - ANSWER✔✔ Pediatric patients
Objective signs of adequate breathing - ANSWER✔✔ Symmetrical rise and fall of
the chest and adequate wall excursion (asymmetry suggests splinting of the rib
cage)
, Listen for movement of air on both sides of the chest. (Decreased lung sounds
could alert to thorax injury)
Use of pulse oximeter to measure a patients oxygen saturation and perfusion
Note, however that this device does not measure adequacy of ventilation.
Use of capnography in spontaneously breathing and intubated patients to assess
whether ventilation is adequate.
Also used to confirm proper placement of ET tube
List the factors that indicate potential difficulties with airway maneuvers: -
ANSWER✔✔ C -Spine injury
Severe arthritis of the c spine
Significant maxillofacial or mandibular trauma
Limited mouth opening
Obesity
Anatomical variations (receding chin, overbite, short/muscular neck) Pediatric
patients
The mnemonic LEMON is a helpful tool in assessing the potential difficult airway. -
ANSWER✔✔ Look Externally - look for characteristics known to contribute to
difficult intubation & ventilation
Evaluate the 3-3-2 Rule
I . The distance between the patients incisor teeth should be at least 3 finger
breaths
II. The distance between the hyoid bone and the chin should be at least 3
finger breaths
III. The distance between the thyroid notch ad the floor of the mouth should
be at least 2 finger breaths