TEST BANK RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer

TEST BANK I!l




RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
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ByMary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
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, TABLEOF CONTENT I!l I !l




Chapter1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
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Chapter 2. Radiation: Types,Sources, and Doses Received
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Chapter3. Interactionof X-Radiation withMatter
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Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units
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Chapter5. Radiation Monitoring
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Chapter 6. Overviewof Cell Biology
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Chapter7. Molecularand CellularRadiation Biology
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Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapter
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I!l 9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in OrganSystems
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Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
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Chapter11. EquipmentDesignfor Radiation Protection
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Chapter 12. Management of Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray
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Procedures
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Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in ComputedTomography and Mammography
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Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During
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I!l Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures I!l I!l




Chapter15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
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Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l




Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography,
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MULTIPLE CHOICE I!l




1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include I!l I!l I ! l I! l I ! l I ! l




1. creation ofunstable atoms. I!l I!l I ! l




2. production of free electrons. I ! l I!l I ! l




3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producing
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substances poisonous to the cell.
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4. creation ofnewbiologic molecules detrimental to the living cell. I! l I!l I!l I ! l I ! l I ! l I!l I!l I ! l




5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss offunction.
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6. production oflow-energy x-ray photons. I! l I!l I! l I!l




a. 1,2,3, and 4 only I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l




b. 2,3,4, and 5 only I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l




c. 3,4,5, and 6 only I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l




d. All the options I!l I!l




ANS: D I!l

,2. Which ofthe following is a form ofradiation that is capable ofcreating electrically charged
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particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passes?
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a. Ionizing radiation I ! l




b. Nonionizing radiation I ! l




c. Subatomic radiation I ! l




d. Ultrasonic radiation I ! l




ANS: A I!l




3. Regarding exposure toionizing radiation, patients who areeducated to understand the I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l I! l I!l I!l I! l I ! l




medicalbenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
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a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobiathey I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l I!l




may have. I!l I!l




b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I ! l I! l I!l I! l I! l I!l I ! l




smallchance of biologic damage.
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c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance ofpossible I ! l I!l I!l I ! l I!l I! l I ! l I!l I ! l I ! l I!l I!l




biologicdamage. I!l I!l




d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of I ! l I! l I! l I ! l I!l I!l I! l I!l I ! l I!l I!l I ! l




possiblebiologic damage.
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ANS: D I!l




4. The millisievert (mSv) isequal to
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a. 1/10of asievert. I!l I!l I!l




b. 1/100of asievert. I!l I!l I!l




c. 1/1000of asievert. I!l I!l I!l




d. 1/10,000of asievert. I!l I!l I!l




ANS: C I!l




5. The advantages ofthe BERT method are
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1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison. I ! l I!l I! l I!l I ! l I!l I! l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I! l




2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part ofthe environment. I ! l I ! l I ! l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I! l I!l I! l




3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient tocomprehend. I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l




a. 1and 2only I!l I!l I!l




b. 1and 3only I!l I!l I!l




c. 2and 3only I!l I!l I!l




d. All the options I!l I!l




ANS: D I!l




6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receivefrom a
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I!l specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer I! l I!l I ! l I ! l I ! l can
a. respond byusing an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received I ! l I!l I! l I!l I! l I!l I!l I ! l I ! l I!l I! l




I ! l fromthe x-ray to natural background radiation I!l I! l I! l I!l I ! l I ! l I ! l received.
b. avoid the patient’s question bychanging the subject. I! l I!l I ! l I! l I!l I ! l I!l




c. tell the patient that it is unethical todiscuss suchconcerns.
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d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he orshe speak with I ! l I!l I ! l I! l I ! l I! l I! l I! l I!l I!l I ! l I!l




I ! l thereferring I!l I ! l physician.
ANS: A I!l




7. Why should the selection oftechnicalI! l I ! l I ! l I!l I!l I ! l exposure factors for all medical imaging I ! l I ! l I! l I!l I ! l




I ! l proceduresalways follow ALARA? I!l I ! l I! l




a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to accept
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responsibility
I!l I ! l for patient radiation I!l I ! l I ! l safety.
b. So that radiographers and radiologists I!l I ! l I! l I!l I ! l donot have to accept responsibility
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, patient radiation safety. I! l I ! l




c. Because radiation-induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, I ! l I!l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l




that is,a dose level below which a person would have no chance of developing
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this disease. I!l I!l




d. Because radiation-induced cancer does have a dose level at which I ! l I!l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I!l I ! l I! l




individualswould have a chance of developing this disease.
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ANS: C I!l




8. The cardinal principles ofradiation protection include which ofthefollowing?
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a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options I!l I!l




ANS: D I!l




9. In a hospital
I!l setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged bythe
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hospitaladministration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and
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maintenance of the ALARA program?
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a. Assistant administrator ofthe facility I!l I ! l I!l I! l




b. Chief of staff I!l I!l




c. Radiation Safety Officer I ! l I!l




d. Student radiologic technologist I! l I ! l




ANS: C I!l




10. Why is a question concerning the amount
I! l of radiation a patient will receive during a
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specificx-ray procedure difficult to answer?
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1. Because the received dose is specified in a number ofdifferent units ofmeasure. I ! l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I! l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l I ! l I!l




2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible I ! l I ! l I ! l I ! l I ! l I ! l I!l I!l I ! l I ! l I ! l by a
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patient.
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3. Because the patient should not receive anyinformation about radiation dose. I!l I!l I ! l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l I!l I ! l




a. 1and 2only I!l I!l I!l




b. 1and 3only I!l I!l I!l




c. 2and 3only I!l I!l I!l




d. All the options I!l I!l




ANS: A I!l




11. X-rays area form of which ofthe following kinds ofradiation?
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a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B I!l




12. What unit is used to measure radiation I!l I ! l I! l I! l I! l I ! l I ! l exposure in the metric International System of I ! l I ! l I! l I ! l I ! l I!l




Units?
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a. Coulomb perkilogram I!l I!l




b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A I!l




13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the
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need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used
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for both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
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