HESI A2 BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ACTUAL 2025 UPDATED TEST.A+ ASSURED.

HESI A2 BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ACTUAL 2025 UPDATED TEST.A+ ASSURED. How many chromosomes do sperm and egg produce in meiosis? - ANSWER - 23 How many chromosomes do sperm and egg produce in mitosis? - ANSWER - 46 What helps the cell shape and cell to adapt? - ANSWER - cytoskeleton What gives the cell the ability to move and proper? - ANSWER - microtubules What is the main component of blood plasma? - ANSWER - water What is the first step in metabolism of food to cellular energy? - ANSWER - glycolysis What drives the cell/ pushes it forward? - ANSWER - propulsion All humans have how many pairs of chromosomes? - 23 pairs The plasma membrane is made of/ composed of what? - lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates What organelle is responsible for packaging, processing, and shipping? - Golgi Apparatus Plant cells have what organelle that functions as storage, waste disposal, and protection? - ANSWER - vacuoles What is the site of cellular respiration? (eukaryotic cells) - ANSWER - mitochondria What are plasma membranes mostly made of? - ANSWER - lipids What is the magnification of an ocular lens on a microscope? - 10x What part of the microscope is the side going to be placed on? - ANSWER - stage What holds the genetic code for each person? - ANSWER - DNA What is DNA made of? - ANSWER - nucleotides is the most important component of the cell, contributing to protection, communication, and the passage of substances into and out the cell. - The cellular membrane the plasma membrane is made of how many phospholipid layers? - ANSWER - 2 The mRNA strand is what DNA strand? - identical except T is replaced with U How is oxygen transported through blood or body? - circulatory system What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis and membrane production? - endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) What is the intake of food through the cell membrane creating food vacuole? - ANSWER - phagocytosis The bird's body and function of wings? - ANSWER - hereditary What phase does replication take place in? - S phase What are different versions of a gene? (variations) - ANSWER - alleles is the sequence of reactions by which most living cells general energy during the process of aerobic respiration; it takes place in the mitochondria - The Krebs Cycle What kind of cells are in meiosis (sex cells) - ANSWER - gametes What organelle pushes water out of the cell? - vacuoles (contractile) What is an animal cell? - ANSWER - eukaryotic Movement of ions and other molecular substances across cell membranes without the need of energy is - Passive transport What is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration? - ANSWER - osmosis The expulsion or discharge of substances from the cell (removal)? - ANSWER - exocytosis What does aerobic respiration require? - ANSWER - oxygen Which movement requires carrier protein but no direct cellular energy? - Facilitated transport Which term denotes the movement of glucose molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration? - Active transport Plasmolysis is a term describing? - Cellular shrinkage, which occurs when cells are immersed in hypertonic solution The movement of substances from lesser concentration to higher concentration is called? - Active transport Which particular structure is present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? - Cell membrane Plant cells differ from animal cells in? - The plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells do not Which cell type is characterized by the lack of true nucleus and the absence of membrane-bound organelle? - Prokaryotic cell Which organelle is associated with hydrolytic enzymes and is sometimes referred to as a "suicide bag" - ANSWER - Lysosomes Pinocytosis is the process of? - Enclosing a liquid substance in a membrane and secreting it into the cell The plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell determines selectively which substances can enter and leave the cell. Such a membrane is said to be? - Selectively permeable What primarily determines the shape of cells that lack cell walls? - Microtubule and microfilaments Which pair of organelles is responsible for energy supply to eukaryotic cells? - Chloroplast and mitochondria With which organelle is the synthesis of ATP associated? - ANSWER - Mitochondrion The plasma membrane is soluble to? - ANSWER - Lipids The process whereby muscle cell produce lactic acid is called? - ANSWER - The process whereby muscle cells produce lactic acid is called? - ANSWER - Fermentation During aerobic respiration, which one of the following substances is released? - 36ATP Noncyclic-photophosphorylation takes place inside the? - ANSWER - Thylakoids The dark reaction of photosynthesis takes place in? - ANSWER - Stroma