EXAM WITH A STUDY GUIDE AND PRACTICE EXAM
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GRADED A
What is Slouching? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..When a spirit (mostly aniseed) turns opaque and
cloudy when water is added
What does Water white appearance describe? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Used mostly for vodkas
What does an Opaque appearance describe? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Cream liqueurs that
cannot be seen through at all
What does Out of condition refer to? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Most commonly encountered fault
of a Spirit, from being open too long
What are the Tongues' five tastes? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Sweet, Sour, Salt, Bitter, and
Umami
What are the Tastes relevant to spirits? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Sweet and bitter
How do you describe a newly made spirit right off the still? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Dry
What does off dry mean? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..When only a very small amount of sugar is
added after distillation, i.e. Cognac
What does a Medium spirit mean? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Describes a Spirit that clearly has a
sweet taste but the sweetness is not the defining characteristic, i.e. Rum
,What are Sweet Spirits? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Reserved for liqueurs and some flavored
spirits i.e. pastis which contain a very high level of sweetness
What are the 4 key stages during production? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Raw Materials,
fermentation, distillation, and post distillation
What is the Base of every raw material? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Carbohydrates, and the aim is
to use these to create a sugary liquid
When does alcohol fermentation start? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..When yeast is added to the
sugary liquid, and the yeast eats the sugars to produce alcohols around 10%abv
What is the Post distillation objective? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..To ensure that when a Spirit is
out on sale it has the correct colour, aroma, sweetness, and alcoholic strength.
What are Congeners? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Substances, other than the desired type of
alcohol, ethanol, produced during fermentation. They are the compounds that are
responsible for flavors
When does fermentation end? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..When all the sugar has been converted
into alcohol
When does fermentation begin? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..When yeast is added to the sugary
liquid
Where is the Swan Neck in a pot still? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Section between the pot and the
still head
Where is the Lyne Arm? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Links the still head to the condenser
What are Low wines? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..What the liquid after the first distillation is
referred to, it is between 25-30% abv
What are The four scenarios in an alcoholic liquid? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) Congeners with a
boiling point lower than ethanol
2) Ethanol and congeners with a similar boiling point
3) Congeners with a higher boiling point than ethanol
4) Water
Which type of still have a medium to pronounced aroma intensity? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Pot
Still
What are the Post distillation four major groups? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) Maturation (Oak or
inert vessels)
, 2) Adding other flavors
3) Blending
4) Finishing
What are the 3 Affects Oak Barrels have on a spirit? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) Add color and
Congeners
2) Oxygen and Time, and Concentration (angel's share)
3) Remove Harshness
What are the 3 Oak Barrel considerations? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) Barrel age
2) Previous contents
3) Warehouse temperature
What are the 3 Inert vessel considerations? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) Vessel imparts no
change to color or flavor
2) Spirits typically stored for a short period
3) Longer aging can make a Spirit more mouthfilling
What are the Two types of spirit companies? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) Does everything from
start to finish
2) the other will start with a distilled spirit that they didn't distill
What is the First thing needed to distill any spirit? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Raw Materials
What are 3 reasons why a distillery will buy a spirit? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1) not economical
or feasible to make enough to cover demand
2) distillery could be making a flavored spirit, I.e. gin, where they have to start with a
neutral spirit
3) some make zero Spirits, and just buy it and relabel it as their own product
Describe the Global Companies in this industry. - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Spirits can be made in
large quantities and still retain their quality, and at the same time they are very
profitable. So make a lot of booze, have the backing of a large company which will
invest tons in marketing and promotions.
Describe the Craft Companies in the industry. - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Not a legally defined
term, refers to producers who are small and hands on, but there is a large debate over
the actual meaning.
What does Label Integrity mean? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Labeling information needs to be
clear and verifiable.
What is Whisky made from? - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Must be made from grains