Test Bank for Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 6th Edition by Connie R. Mahon and Lehman All Chapters 1-41

TEST BANK For Textbook Of Diagnostic Microbiology, 6t
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h Edition;9780323613170, By Connie R. Mahon, Chapters
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1 - 41 Complete Guide.
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Whichbofbthesebisbconsideredbtobbebthebsmallestbunitbofblife?

a)bthebnucleus
b)bthebmitochondrion
c)babplasmid
d)bthebcell
e)babprionb-bANSWERbd)bThebsmallestbunitbofblifebisb*thebcell*.

ThebstudybofbmicrobiologybincludesballbofbthebfollowingbEXCEPTb_____b.

a)bplants
b)bviruses
c)bbacteria
d)bfungi
e)balgaeb-
bANSWERba)bThebstudybofbmicrobiologybincludesballbofbthebfollowingbEXCEPT b*plants*.




WhatbpercentbofbthebdrybweightbofbthebcellbisbcomposedbofbDNA?

a)b2b-b5
b)b12b-15
c)b25b-b30
d)b35b-40
e)b50b-b55b-bANSWERba)b*2-5*b%bofbthebdrybweightbofbthebcellbisbcomposedbofbDNA

WhatbarebthebthreebDomainsbofblife?

a)bMonera,bAnimals,bandbPlants
b)bBacteria,bArchaea,bandbEukarya
c)bProkaryote,bEukaryote,bandbFungi
d)bAnimals,bPlants,bandbBacteria
e)bProkaryote,bEukaryote,bArchaeab-
bANSWERbb)b*Bacteria,bAchaea,bandbEukarya*barebthebthreebDomainsbof blife.




Whichbofbthebcharacteristicsbofblifebisbnotbdisplayedbbybanybindividualborganism?

a)bmetabolism
b)bgrowth
c)breproduction
d)bevolution
e)bresponse

,f)bhomeostasisb-
bANSWERbd)b*Evolution*bisbNOTbabcharacteristicbofblifebdisplayedbbybanybindividualborg

anism.

Virusesbarebconsideredb"nonliving"bforballbofbthebfollowingbreasonsbEXCEPTbthatbthey:

a)bneedbabhostbcellbforbreplication.
b)barebmetabolicallybinert.
c)bpossessbDNAbthatbcanbevolve.
d)bdobnotbmaintainbinternalbhomeostasis.
e)barebnotbresponsivebtobenvironmentalbchanges.b-
bANSWERbc)bVirusesbarebconsideredb"nonliving"bforballbofbthebfollowingbreasonsbEXCE

PTbthatbtheyb*possessbDNAbthatbcanbevolve*.

WhichbisbabmacromolecularbdifferencebbetweenbthebDomainsbBacteriabandbArchaea?

a)bArchaeabcontainbabnucleusbandbBacteriabdobnot.
b)bBacteriabcontainbDNAbandbArchaeabdobnot.
c)bBacteriabcontainbabplasmabmembranebandbArchaeabdobnot.
d)bBacteriabcellbwallbcontainsbpeptidoglycanbandbthebArchaeabcellbwallbdoesbnot.
e)bArchaeabcontainbmultiplebtypesbofbRNAbpolymerasebandbBacteriabhasbonlybonebtype.
b-

bANSWERbd)bAbmacrobolecularbdifferencebbetweenbthebDomainsbBacteriabandbArchae

abisbthatb*BacteriabcellbwallbcontainsbpeptidoglycanbandbthebArchaeabcellbwallbdoesbnot*.

ThebsizebandbshapesbofbArchaeanbcellsbsuggestbrelatednessbto:

a)bBacteria
b)bProkaryotes
c)bEukaryotes
d)bAllbotherblifebforms
e)bNobotherblifebforms;btheirbsizesbandbshapesbarebuniqueb-
bANSWERba)bthebsizebandbshapesbofbArchaeanbcellsbsuggestbrelatednessbtob*Bacteria*




PhosholipidbstructurebinbArchaeanbcellsbsuggestsbrelatednessbto:

a)bBacteria
b)bProkaryotes
c)bEukaryotes
d)bAllbotherblifebforms
e)bNobotherblifebforms;btheirbstructurebisbuniqueb-
bANSWERbe)bPhospholipidbstructurebinbArchaeanbcellsbsuggestsbrelatednessbtob*nobot

herblifebforms;btheirbstructurebisbunique*

Whichbmolecularbtoolbmostbassistedbinbprovidingbabmorebreliablebwaybtobverifybthebasser
tionsbmadebbybWoesebetbalbinbtheirb1990bpaperbonbphylogeny?

a)bPolymerasebchainbreaction
b)bRNAbtobDNAbconversionbusingbreversebtranscriptase
c)bRNAbsequencing

,d)bDNAbsequencing
e)bProteinbsequencingb-
bANSWERba)b*Polymerasebchainbreaction*bwasbthebmolecularbtoolbusedbtobprovidebabm

orebreliablebwaybtobverifybthebassertionsbmadebbybWoesebetbalbinbtheirb1990bpaperbonbph
ylogeny

IfbE.bcolibDNAbpolymerase,bnotbTaqbpolymerasebwerebusedbinbpolymerasebchainbreactio
nbassaysbtobamplifybSSUrRNAbgenebsequences,bwebwouldbexpectbtobsee:

a)bincreasedbshortbfragmentbDNAbsequences
b)bdecreasedbshortbfragmentbDNAbsequences
c)bthebsamebnumberbofbshortbfragmentbDNAbsequences
d)bincreasdblongbfragmentbDNAbsequences
e)bdecreasedblongbfragmentbDNAbsequencesb-
bANSWERbb)bifbE.bcolibDNAbpolymerasebwerebusedbinbpolymerasebchainbtractionbassay

sbtobamplifybSSUrRNAbgenebsequences,bwebwouldbexpectbtobseeb*decreasedbshortbfra
gmentbDNAbsequences*.

FigurebB1.1b(otherbsidebofbcard)brepresentsbanbartist'sbattemptbtobillustratebthebprocessb
ofbPCR.bWhatbisbthebmostbsignificantberrorbyoubnoticebinbthisbfigure?

a)bDNAbstrandsbarebnotbfullybdenatured
b)bPrimersbarebnotbannealed
c)bPCRbproductsbcannotbseparatebfrombtemplatebDNA
d)bTaqbpolymerasebisbnotbshownbinbthebillustration
e)bdNTPsbarebnotbshownbinbthebillustrationb-
bANSWERba)b*DNAbstrandsbarebnotbfullybdenatured*




Selectbthebanswerbchoicebwithbthebcorrectborderbinbwhichbthesebstructuresbevolvedbinbpl
antbcells:

a)bmitochondria,bcellbwalls,bchloroplasts
b)bmitochondria,bchloroplasts,bcellbwalls
c)bchloroplasts,bmitochondria,bcellbwalls
d)bchloroplasts,bcellbwalls,bmitochondria
e)bcellbwalls,bmitochondria,bchloroplastsb-
bANSWERbb)bThebcorrectborderbinbwhichbstructuresbevolvedbinbplantbcellsbis:b*mitrochon

driab->bchloroplatsb->bcellbwalls*

ApproximatelybwhenbdidbprimitivebcellsbfirstbappearbonbEarth?

a)b1bbillionbyearsbago
b)b2bbillionbyearsbago
c)b2.5bbillionbyearsbago
d)b3bbillionbyearsbago
e)b3.8bbillionbyearsbagob-
bANSWERbe)bprimitivebcellsbfirstbappearedbonbEarthb*3.8bbillionbyearsbago*




Whichbofbthesebarebfossilizedbmicrobialbmatsbcontainingbphotosyntheticbbacteria?

, a)bStromatolites
b)bBiofilms
c)bResin
d)bCyanobacteria
e)bStalagmitesb-
bANSWERba)b*stromatolites*barebfossilizedbmicrobialbmatsbcontainingbphotosyntheticbb

acteria

WhichbstatementbbelowbisbFALSEbconcerningbthebatmospherebofbearlybearth?

a)bThebatmospherebwasbabreducingbatmosphere.b
b)bOxygenbwasbpresentbinbverybminutebamounts.
c)bCarbonbdioxidebwasbpresentbinbverybminutebamounts.
d)bHydrogenbgasbwasbpresent.b-
bANSWERbc)bThebatmospherebofbearlybearthbcontainedb*carbonbdioxidebpresentbinbhigh

bconcentration,bnotbverybminutebamounts*




ThebdiscoverybofbribozymesbprovidesbevidencebthatblifebonbthebearlybEarthbmaybhavebbe
enbbasedbon:

a)bDNA.
b)bproteins.
c)bRNA.
d)blipids.
e)bpolysaccharides.b-
bANSWERbc)bthebdiscoverybofbribozymesbprovidesbevidencebthatblifebonbthebearlybEarch

bmaybhavebbeenbbasedbonb*RNA*




WhatbisbthebEndosymbioticbTheorybisbusedbtobexplain?

a)bthebrapidbevolutionbofbviruses
b)bantiphagocyticbabilitiesbofbparasiticbprotozoa
c)bemergencebofbcellbwalls
d)bpresencebofbmitochondriabinbeukaryotes
e)bdevelopmentbofbthebnucleusbinbeukaryotesb-
bANSWERbd)bthebEndosymbioticbTheorybisbusedbtobexplainb*presencebof bmitochondriabi

nbeukaryotes*

Youbarebabscientificbillustratorbworkingbonbthisbfigureb(backbofbcard)bYourbprimarybintenti
onbwhenbrevisingbthisbfigurebisbtobemphasizebthebconceptbofbsemi-
conservativebreplication.bWhatbcolorbchangesbwouldbyoubmakebtobthebfigurebtobenhance
bcomprehension?




a)bmakeballbDNAbstrandsbbluebinbthebfigure
b)bmakebthebdsDNAbabblue-
greenbhybridbandbeachbnewlybsynthesizedbstrandbofbthebcolorbthatbmakesbthebnewbdsD
NAbblue-greenbhybridbinbappearancebtoo
c)bchangeballbDNAbstrandsbtobbebdifferentbcolors
d)bdobnotbmakebanybchanges,bsemi-conservativebreplicationbisbclearlybconceptualized