1|Page
NR565 FINAL EXAM/NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
CARE OF THE FUNDAMENTALS EXAM 2025-2026 ACTUAL
EXAM 100+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
What labs are used to diagnose thyroid function? - Answer: 1. Serum thyroid-
stimulating hormone test (TSH)
2. Serum thyroxine test (Total or Free T4)
3. Serum triiodothyronine test (Total or Free T3)
s/s hypothyroidism - Answer: Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism depend on
disease severity. The face is pale, puffy, and expressionless; skin is cold and dry;
hair is brittle; hair loss occurs;Heart rate and temperature are lowered. The patient
may complain of lethargy, fatigue, and intolerance to cold. Mentation may be
impaired.
Once a diagnosis of COPD is established, disease severity is assessed according to
the Global Initiative Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grading system. The
grading system is based on which criteria? - Answer: based on symptoms, the
number of exacerbations, COPD-related hospitalizations, and spirometry results
According to the GOLD criteria, the majority of mild to moderate cases of COPD
can be managed with bronchodilator therapy which may include one or more of the
following - Answer: long-acting B2 agonists (LABA)long-acting antimuscarinic
agents (LAMA)inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)systemic corticosteroidsantibiotics
when signs of bacterial infection exist
alternative therapies to Spiriva - Answer: Glycopyrronium bromide, umeclidinium
bromide, and revefenacin are anticholinergics bronchodilators
What constitutes a drug resistant TB? - Answer: TB bacteria become resistant to
the drugs used to treat the disease and includes multidrug-resistant (MDR TB) and
extensively drug-resistant (XDR TB).
Examples of decongestants - Answer: Beclomethasone
dipropionate
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone
, 2|Page
Which drug class for cough and cold has no significant drug interactions? -
Answer: Expectorants
What contraindications are you looking for when prescribing a decongestant? -
Answer: known drug allergy, narrow-angle glaucoma, uncontrolled cardiovascular
disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and prostatitis
Isoniazid (INH) - Answer: primary treatment of TB and can be used to prevent TB
in people that have been exposed
treatment of TB in a pregnant person - Answer: Rifabutin is deemed the safest
during pregnancy
nicotine replacement how it works? - Answer: helps with withdraws from nicotine
Nicotine gum education - Answer: The most common adverse effects are mouth
and throat soreness, jaw muscle ache, eructation (belching), and hiccups. Using
optimal chewing technique minimizes these problems.
Patients should be advised to chew the gum slowly and intermittently for
approximately 30 minutes. Rapid chewing can release too much nicotine at one
time, resulting in effects similar to those of excessive smoking (e.g., nausea, throat
irritation, hiccups). Because foods and beverages can reduce nicotine absorption,
patients should not eat or drink while chewing or for 15 minutes before chewing.
Not recommended over 6 months.
Wellbutrin Contraindications for smoking cessation - Answer: should be used in
caution with patients that have history of psychiatric disease
Bupropion recommended length of treatment - Answer: 7-12 weeks then dosage
should be decreased
s/s hyperthyroidism - Answer: Exophthalmos; Heartbeat is rapid and strong;
dysrhythmias and angina may develop; nervousness; insomnia, rapid thought flow;
rapid speech; Skeletal muscles may weaken and atrophy; Metabolic rate is raised,
resulting in increased heat production, increased body temperature, intolerance to
heat, and skin that is warm and moist. Appetite is increased, but weight loss may
still occur.
NR565 FINAL EXAM/NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
CARE OF THE FUNDAMENTALS EXAM 2025-2026 ACTUAL
EXAM 100+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
What labs are used to diagnose thyroid function? - Answer: 1. Serum thyroid-
stimulating hormone test (TSH)
2. Serum thyroxine test (Total or Free T4)
3. Serum triiodothyronine test (Total or Free T3)
s/s hypothyroidism - Answer: Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism depend on
disease severity. The face is pale, puffy, and expressionless; skin is cold and dry;
hair is brittle; hair loss occurs;Heart rate and temperature are lowered. The patient
may complain of lethargy, fatigue, and intolerance to cold. Mentation may be
impaired.
Once a diagnosis of COPD is established, disease severity is assessed according to
the Global Initiative Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grading system. The
grading system is based on which criteria? - Answer: based on symptoms, the
number of exacerbations, COPD-related hospitalizations, and spirometry results
According to the GOLD criteria, the majority of mild to moderate cases of COPD
can be managed with bronchodilator therapy which may include one or more of the
following - Answer: long-acting B2 agonists (LABA)long-acting antimuscarinic
agents (LAMA)inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)systemic corticosteroidsantibiotics
when signs of bacterial infection exist
alternative therapies to Spiriva - Answer: Glycopyrronium bromide, umeclidinium
bromide, and revefenacin are anticholinergics bronchodilators
What constitutes a drug resistant TB? - Answer: TB bacteria become resistant to
the drugs used to treat the disease and includes multidrug-resistant (MDR TB) and
extensively drug-resistant (XDR TB).
Examples of decongestants - Answer: Beclomethasone
dipropionate
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone
, 2|Page
Which drug class for cough and cold has no significant drug interactions? -
Answer: Expectorants
What contraindications are you looking for when prescribing a decongestant? -
Answer: known drug allergy, narrow-angle glaucoma, uncontrolled cardiovascular
disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and prostatitis
Isoniazid (INH) - Answer: primary treatment of TB and can be used to prevent TB
in people that have been exposed
treatment of TB in a pregnant person - Answer: Rifabutin is deemed the safest
during pregnancy
nicotine replacement how it works? - Answer: helps with withdraws from nicotine
Nicotine gum education - Answer: The most common adverse effects are mouth
and throat soreness, jaw muscle ache, eructation (belching), and hiccups. Using
optimal chewing technique minimizes these problems.
Patients should be advised to chew the gum slowly and intermittently for
approximately 30 minutes. Rapid chewing can release too much nicotine at one
time, resulting in effects similar to those of excessive smoking (e.g., nausea, throat
irritation, hiccups). Because foods and beverages can reduce nicotine absorption,
patients should not eat or drink while chewing or for 15 minutes before chewing.
Not recommended over 6 months.
Wellbutrin Contraindications for smoking cessation - Answer: should be used in
caution with patients that have history of psychiatric disease
Bupropion recommended length of treatment - Answer: 7-12 weeks then dosage
should be decreased
s/s hyperthyroidism - Answer: Exophthalmos; Heartbeat is rapid and strong;
dysrhythmias and angina may develop; nervousness; insomnia, rapid thought flow;
rapid speech; Skeletal muscles may weaken and atrophy; Metabolic rate is raised,
resulting in increased heat production, increased body temperature, intolerance to
heat, and skin that is warm and moist. Appetite is increased, but weight loss may
still occur.
