OPENSTAX MICROBIOLOGY TEST BANK OpenStax bz bz bz bz bz
Microbiology THIS TEST BANK COVERS ALL CHAPTERS
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1-26 OF THE BOOK, Answered bz bz bz bz
Chapter 1: An Invisible World bz bz bz bz
* = Correct answer
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Multiple Choice
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1. Which of the following is true of the microbial world?
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A. All microbes are harmful.bz bz bz
B. Humans could survive without microbes. bz bz bz bz
C. Many microbes are helpful.* bz bz bz
D. Most microbes are pathogenic. bz bz bz
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASM Standard: 23, 24
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2. Which of the following is when humans first suspected the existence of microbes?
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A. during the Industrial Revolution bz bz bz
B. in prehistoric times*
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C. in the last centurybz bz bz
D. within the last 500 years bz bz bz bz
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:23
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3. Which individual first observed unicellular organisms, which he called
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“animalcules,” using a microscope he developed?
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A. Robert Koch bz
B. Louis Pasteur bz
C. Thucydides
D. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek* bz bz
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:6
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4. To reduce the risk of open flame from Bunsen burners, microbiologists are
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increasingly using which of the following devices for easy, rapid benchtop
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sterilization of small pieces of equipment?
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A. autoclaves
B. ethylene oxide bz
C. incubators
D. microincinerators*
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:36
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,5. The Swedish botanist known for having developed an important biological
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classification system is which of the following people?
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A. Ernst Haeckel bz
B. Carolus Linnaeus* bz
C. Louis Pasteur bz
D. Robert Whittaker bz
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:N/A
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6. Which kingdom was the only one found in Empire Prokaryota?
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A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Monera*
D. Protista
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:N/A
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7. Which are the three currently accepted domains?
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A. Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya* bz bz bz
B. Archaea, Prokaryota, and Eukaryota bz bz bz
C. Bacteria, Fungi, and Protista bz bz bz
D. Bacteria, Prokaryota, and Eukarya bz bz bz
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:N/A
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8. Which two taxonomic units are typically used to identify an organism when using
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binomial nomenclature?
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A. domain and kingdom bz bz
B. genus and family bz bz
C. genus and species* bz bz
D. phylum and class bz bz
Difficulty: Easy bz
ASMStandard:N/A
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9. Which of the following is not true about the process of fermentation?
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A. It can help preserve foods, preventing spoilage.
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B. It converts sugars to organic acids, alcohols, and/or gases such as carbon dioxide.
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C. It is carried out exclusively by unicellular eukaryotes such as yeast.*
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D. It is used to make foods such as cheese and bread.
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Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: 11, 23, 26
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,10. The Romans may have reduced their risk of waterborne infectious diseases by using
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which of the following?
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A. a variety of pharmaceutical products
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B. aqueducts and a sewer system* bz bz bz bz
C. prophylactic antibiotics bz
D. quarantine of people with leprosy bz bz bz bz
Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: 23
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11. For which of the following is Thucydides known?
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A. developing an effective sewer system in ancient Greece, helping to reduce bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz
levels of disease in cities
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B. observing microbes, using a microscope, for the first time, even distinguishing
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between bacteria and fungi
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C. proposing that disease was caused by microorganisms bz bz bz bz bz bz
D. realizing that people who had been infected by the Athenian plague had
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immunity to reinfection*
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Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASMStandard:23,31
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12. Ernst Haeckel proposed a classification system consisting of which of the
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following subgroups?
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A. five kingdoms bz
B. four kingdoms* bz
C. two domains and three kingdoms
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D. two domains and five kingdoms
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Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: N/A
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13. Viruses not included in phylogenetic trees for which of the following reasons?
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A. It is too difficult to observe their characteristics.
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B. They are acellular and nonliving.*
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C. They do not have any genes, which prevents genetic analysis.
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D. They lack a nucleus. bz bz bz
Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: 5
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14. Which is the best description of the primary purpose of a phylogeny?
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A. Phylogenies show all the alterative names for each species. bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz
B. Phylogenies show all the common names for each species. bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz
C. Phylogenies show evolutionary relatedness between organisms.* bz bz bz bz bz
, D. Phylogenies show interactions between species in a shared habitat. bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz
Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: 5
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15. Current phylogenetic analyses include which of the following?
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A. information from a range of sources, including morphological, genetic, and
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biochemical data*
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B. information on visible similarities only bz bz bz bz
C. information regarding how to classify organisms on the basis of external bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz bz
morphological characteristics and visible behaviors
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D. varied morphological and structural characteristics, with preference for leaving
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historical classifications to prevent confusion
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Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: 5
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16. Diatoms are classified within which of the following domains?
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A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. Eukarya*
D. Prokaryota
Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: N/A
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17. Horizontal gene transfer involves which of the following?
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A. any transfer of genes in a laboratory setting
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B. the transfer of genes from a virus to a bacterium or vice versa but not any
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other form of gene transfer
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C. the transfer of genes from one individual to another, including from one
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species to another, but not from parent to offspring*
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D. the transfer of genes from parent to offspring
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Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASM Standard: 2, 4
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18. Bacteria are generally identified to species by using which of the following?
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A. a combination of genetic, biochemical, and microscopic approaches*
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B. a combination of microscopic and physiological approaches, but not genetics
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C. primarily characteristics such as motility that can be visualized using microscopy
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D. primarily morphological characteristics of individual cells
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Difficulty: Moderate bz
ASMStandard:34,36
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