1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
NURS 5315: Exam 3 Concept and
Clinical Conditions (Part I
Cardiovascular System) Questions
and Answers (100% Pass)
How does blood flow through the chambers of the heart?
✓ a) RA
b) Trucuspid
c) RV
d) Pulmonary arteries (semilunar)
e) Pulmonary veins
f) LA
g) Mitral
h) LV
i) Aorta (semilunar)
Full contraction and relaxation is one ____.
✓ Cardiac Cycle
During diastole what part of the heart fills with blood?
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✓ Ventricles
What occurs during systole?
✓ Ventricular contraction pushes the blood from he right ventricle to the
pulmonary artery and from the left ventricle into the aorta
During atrial kick the pressure from the left atrial contraction make it possible
for what part of the body to fill with blood?
✓ Left ventricle
Which side of the heart has higher pressures and which side of the heart has
lower pressures?
✓ Right side has lower pressures
Left side has higher pressures (pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the
body)
Right ventricle systolic pressure is the pressure at the peak of systole, what is
the numeric range?
✓ 15-28mmHg (pushing blood to through pulmonary trunk and artery)
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Right ventricle end diastolic pressure is the pressure at the end of the diastole,
right before systole, what is the numeric range of pressure?
✓ 0-8mmHg (low because ventricles fill with blood and are relaxing)
Left ventricle systolic pressure is the pressure at the peak of systole, what is
the numeric range of this pressure?
✓ 90-140 mmHg (High because it's pushing blood through the aorta to
the rest of the body)
Left ventricular end diastolic pressure us the pressure at the end of diastole,
right before systole, what is the numeric range of this pressure?
✓ 4-12mmHg (Low because left ventricles are relaxing filling with blood
from the left atria)
What is the name of the amount of blood pushed from the left ventricle in 1
minute?
✓ Cardiac Output
What is considered normal cardiac output?
✓ 5L/min
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
A decrease in heart rate and a decrease is stroke volume will have what
effect on Cardiac Output (CO)?
✓ Decreased cardiac output
The amount of blood ejected by the ventricle to the body for each cardiac
cycle (heart beat) is called?
✓ Stroke volume
An oxygen saturation of <____% results in a decreased myocardial
contraction.
✓ 50%
The percentage of blood which is ejected from the ventricle is called?
✓ Ejection Fraction
What is the range for a normal Ejection Fraction?
✓ 55-65%
Define Preload
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, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ The stretch of the myocardium or end diastolic volume of the
ventricles and most frequently refers to the volume in a ventricle just
before the start of systole (at max stretch)
Increased preload can lead to what clinical condition?
✓ Heart failure
What is another term for Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)?
✓ Afterload
The amount of resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve
and push the blood volume out into systemic circulation is called?
✓ Afterload
The amount of blood in a chamber after filling and before systole?
✓ End-diastolic volume
The volume of blood remaining in the heart after each systole (contraction)?
✓ End-systolic volume
When a part of the heart contracts, is it depolarizing or repolarizing?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ Depolarizing
What is the normal range for MAP?
✓ 70-100 mmHg
What is the formula for arterial pressure?
✓ cardiac output x peripheral resistance
The average pressure in the arteries during the cardiac cycle is called the
____?
✓ Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
A SBP > or = ____ or a MAP > or = ____ is needed to ensure adequate perfusion
to the organs
✓ 90, 70
Peripheral vascular resistance (Systemic Vascular Resistance SVR) is directly
related to what aspect of the arteries?
✓ Diameter of the arteries
What abbreviation represents the flow of blood to the lungs?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ QP
What abbreviation represents the flow of blood to the body?
✓ QS
Does Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) increase or decrease as you age
and why?
✓ Pulmonary Vascular Resistance decreases as you age because as
your lungs become more developed, there is less resistance to
accomplish breathing.
Does Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) increase or decrease as you age
and why?
✓ Systemic vascular resistance increases as you age because as you get
older and larger your heart has to work harder to push blood through a
larger body.
What factors effect PVR and SVR? (5)
✓ Sympathetic Nervous System
Local tissue metabolism
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Hormone responses
Changes in chemical environment
Compliance = change in Volume / change in pressure
What factors contribute to the blood flow in a blood vessel? (4)
✓ Pressure differences (a change in Pressure between two ends of a
vessel)
Resistance (diameter of vessel)
Viscosity (how thick is the blood)
Length (how long is the vessel)
How does the amount of intercellular calcium effect contraction in the heart?
✓ The greater the amount of intracellular calcium, the stronger the
contraction
Explain the the proceeds of cardiac contraction and relaxation including the
role of actin, myosin, and troponin?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
NURS 5315: Exam 3 Concept and
Clinical Conditions (Part I
Cardiovascular System) Questions
and Answers (100% Pass)
How does blood flow through the chambers of the heart?
✓ a) RA
b) Trucuspid
c) RV
d) Pulmonary arteries (semilunar)
e) Pulmonary veins
f) LA
g) Mitral
h) LV
i) Aorta (semilunar)
Full contraction and relaxation is one ____.
✓ Cardiac Cycle
During diastole what part of the heart fills with blood?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ Ventricles
What occurs during systole?
✓ Ventricular contraction pushes the blood from he right ventricle to the
pulmonary artery and from the left ventricle into the aorta
During atrial kick the pressure from the left atrial contraction make it possible
for what part of the body to fill with blood?
✓ Left ventricle
Which side of the heart has higher pressures and which side of the heart has
lower pressures?
✓ Right side has lower pressures
Left side has higher pressures (pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the
body)
Right ventricle systolic pressure is the pressure at the peak of systole, what is
the numeric range?
✓ 15-28mmHg (pushing blood to through pulmonary trunk and artery)
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Right ventricle end diastolic pressure is the pressure at the end of the diastole,
right before systole, what is the numeric range of pressure?
✓ 0-8mmHg (low because ventricles fill with blood and are relaxing)
Left ventricle systolic pressure is the pressure at the peak of systole, what is
the numeric range of this pressure?
✓ 90-140 mmHg (High because it's pushing blood through the aorta to
the rest of the body)
Left ventricular end diastolic pressure us the pressure at the end of diastole,
right before systole, what is the numeric range of this pressure?
✓ 4-12mmHg (Low because left ventricles are relaxing filling with blood
from the left atria)
What is the name of the amount of blood pushed from the left ventricle in 1
minute?
✓ Cardiac Output
What is considered normal cardiac output?
✓ 5L/min
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
A decrease in heart rate and a decrease is stroke volume will have what
effect on Cardiac Output (CO)?
✓ Decreased cardiac output
The amount of blood ejected by the ventricle to the body for each cardiac
cycle (heart beat) is called?
✓ Stroke volume
An oxygen saturation of <____% results in a decreased myocardial
contraction.
✓ 50%
The percentage of blood which is ejected from the ventricle is called?
✓ Ejection Fraction
What is the range for a normal Ejection Fraction?
✓ 55-65%
Define Preload
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ The stretch of the myocardium or end diastolic volume of the
ventricles and most frequently refers to the volume in a ventricle just
before the start of systole (at max stretch)
Increased preload can lead to what clinical condition?
✓ Heart failure
What is another term for Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)?
✓ Afterload
The amount of resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve
and push the blood volume out into systemic circulation is called?
✓ Afterload
The amount of blood in a chamber after filling and before systole?
✓ End-diastolic volume
The volume of blood remaining in the heart after each systole (contraction)?
✓ End-systolic volume
When a part of the heart contracts, is it depolarizing or repolarizing?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ Depolarizing
What is the normal range for MAP?
✓ 70-100 mmHg
What is the formula for arterial pressure?
✓ cardiac output x peripheral resistance
The average pressure in the arteries during the cardiac cycle is called the
____?
✓ Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
A SBP > or = ____ or a MAP > or = ____ is needed to ensure adequate perfusion
to the organs
✓ 90, 70
Peripheral vascular resistance (Systemic Vascular Resistance SVR) is directly
related to what aspect of the arteries?
✓ Diameter of the arteries
What abbreviation represents the flow of blood to the lungs?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ QP
What abbreviation represents the flow of blood to the body?
✓ QS
Does Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) increase or decrease as you age
and why?
✓ Pulmonary Vascular Resistance decreases as you age because as
your lungs become more developed, there is less resistance to
accomplish breathing.
Does Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) increase or decrease as you age
and why?
✓ Systemic vascular resistance increases as you age because as you get
older and larger your heart has to work harder to push blood through a
larger body.
What factors effect PVR and SVR? (5)
✓ Sympathetic Nervous System
Local tissue metabolism
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Hormone responses
Changes in chemical environment
Compliance = change in Volume / change in pressure
What factors contribute to the blood flow in a blood vessel? (4)
✓ Pressure differences (a change in Pressure between two ends of a
vessel)
Resistance (diameter of vessel)
Viscosity (how thick is the blood)
Length (how long is the vessel)
How does the amount of intercellular calcium effect contraction in the heart?
✓ The greater the amount of intracellular calcium, the stronger the
contraction
Explain the the proceeds of cardiac contraction and relaxation including the
role of actin, myosin, and troponin?
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
