Examl 1:l NRl 327/l NR327l (Latestl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Maternal-Childl Nursingl
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Chamberlain
Q:l Mainl Pregnancyl Hormones
Answer:
-Estrogen
-Progesterone
-Humanl Chorionicl gonadotropinl (HCG)
-Humanl placentall lactogenl (HPL)
Q:l Estrogen
Answer:
-producedl byl thel placental froml earlyl inl pregnancyl andl thenl throughout
-enablesl thel uterusl tol grow
-increasesl bloodl supplyl tol thel uterus
-contributesl tol lactationl preparation
-causesl vascularl changesl inl thel breasts,l skin,l upperl respiratoryl tract,l andl bladder
Q:l Progesterone
Answer:
-consideredl thel maintenancel hormonel ofl pregnancy
-causesl menstruationl tol stop
,-helpsl preventl spontaneousl abortion
-contributesl tol lactationl preparation
-stimulatesl respiratoryl ventilation
-relaxesl smoothl musclesl ofl thel uterus,l bowels,l andl bladder
Q:l Humanl chorionicl gonadotropinl (HCG)
Answer:
-causesl al positivel pregnancyl test
-stimulatesl estrogenl andl progesteronel production
-contributesl tol morningl sickness
Q:l Humanl placentall lactogenl (HPL)
Answer:
-actsl asl al growthl hormone
-isl anl insulinl antagonist
-allowsl adequatel glucosel forl fetall demand
-decreasesl maternall metabolisml ofl glucose
Q:l UTERINEl CHANGES
Answer:
-Growth
-Contractility
-Bloodl flowl tol uterusl andl placenta
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Cervix
,Answer:
-Hyperemial orl Chadwick'sl sign:l bluishl colorl ofl cervix
-Goodell'sl sign:l Softeningl ofl thel cervix
-Mucusl plug:l Signl thatl laborl isl comingl soon
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Vagina
Answer:
Colorl changes
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Vulva
Answer:
-Edema
-Heightenedl sexuall interest
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Ovaries
Answer:
-"Hormonel ofl pregnancy"(Progesteronel secretedl 6-7l weeks)
-Nol ovulation
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Breasts
Answer:
-Changel inl sizel andl appearance
-Colostrum
, Q:l CARDIOVASCULARl SYSTEMl CHANGES
Answer:
-Bloodl volumel increasesl byl 30-45%
-Enlargedl myocardiuml byl 10-15%
-Systolicl murmur
-Cardiacl outputl increasesl 30-50%
-Supinel hypotension(venal caval &l aortal compressedl byl fetus)--tiltl ptl tol leftl side
-Physiologicl anemial ofl pregnancy(Redl bloodl celll volumel increasesl 20-30%-hemodilution)
Q:l RESPIRATORYl SYSTEMl CHANGES
Answer:
-O2l consumptionl risesl byl 20%
-Progesterone:l SOBl andl increasedl RR
-Estrogen:l Congestionl andl epistaxis
-Changel inl locationl ofl diaphragm
-Thoracicl breathing
-Dyspnea
Q:l GIl SYSTEMl CHANGES
Answer:
-Appetitel increases
-Epulis,l gingivitis,l ptyalism,l andl bleeding
-Heartburn
-Constipation
Q:l GUl SYSTEMl CHANGES
2026l Update)l Maternal-Childl Nursingl
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Chamberlain
Q:l Mainl Pregnancyl Hormones
Answer:
-Estrogen
-Progesterone
-Humanl Chorionicl gonadotropinl (HCG)
-Humanl placentall lactogenl (HPL)
Q:l Estrogen
Answer:
-producedl byl thel placental froml earlyl inl pregnancyl andl thenl throughout
-enablesl thel uterusl tol grow
-increasesl bloodl supplyl tol thel uterus
-contributesl tol lactationl preparation
-causesl vascularl changesl inl thel breasts,l skin,l upperl respiratoryl tract,l andl bladder
Q:l Progesterone
Answer:
-consideredl thel maintenancel hormonel ofl pregnancy
-causesl menstruationl tol stop
,-helpsl preventl spontaneousl abortion
-contributesl tol lactationl preparation
-stimulatesl respiratoryl ventilation
-relaxesl smoothl musclesl ofl thel uterus,l bowels,l andl bladder
Q:l Humanl chorionicl gonadotropinl (HCG)
Answer:
-causesl al positivel pregnancyl test
-stimulatesl estrogenl andl progesteronel production
-contributesl tol morningl sickness
Q:l Humanl placentall lactogenl (HPL)
Answer:
-actsl asl al growthl hormone
-isl anl insulinl antagonist
-allowsl adequatel glucosel forl fetall demand
-decreasesl maternall metabolisml ofl glucose
Q:l UTERINEl CHANGES
Answer:
-Growth
-Contractility
-Bloodl flowl tol uterusl andl placenta
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Cervix
,Answer:
-Hyperemial orl Chadwick'sl sign:l bluishl colorl ofl cervix
-Goodell'sl sign:l Softeningl ofl thel cervix
-Mucusl plug:l Signl thatl laborl isl comingl soon
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Vagina
Answer:
Colorl changes
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Vulva
Answer:
-Edema
-Heightenedl sexuall interest
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Ovaries
Answer:
-"Hormonel ofl pregnancy"(Progesteronel secretedl 6-7l weeks)
-Nol ovulation
Q:l REPRODUCTIVEl CHANGES:l Breasts
Answer:
-Changel inl sizel andl appearance
-Colostrum
, Q:l CARDIOVASCULARl SYSTEMl CHANGES
Answer:
-Bloodl volumel increasesl byl 30-45%
-Enlargedl myocardiuml byl 10-15%
-Systolicl murmur
-Cardiacl outputl increasesl 30-50%
-Supinel hypotension(venal caval &l aortal compressedl byl fetus)--tiltl ptl tol leftl side
-Physiologicl anemial ofl pregnancy(Redl bloodl celll volumel increasesl 20-30%-hemodilution)
Q:l RESPIRATORYl SYSTEMl CHANGES
Answer:
-O2l consumptionl risesl byl 20%
-Progesterone:l SOBl andl increasedl RR
-Estrogen:l Congestionl andl epistaxis
-Changel inl locationl ofl diaphragm
-Thoracicl breathing
-Dyspnea
Q:l GIl SYSTEMl CHANGES
Answer:
-Appetitel increases
-Epulis,l gingivitis,l ptyalism,l andl bleeding
-Heartburn
-Constipation
Q:l GUl SYSTEMl CHANGES
