RASMUSSEN PRN 1409 CLIENT-CENTERED CARE III REVIEW EXAM 2 2024/2025 UPDATE WITH COMPLETE STUDY QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (GUARANTEED PASS) | RATED A+

Respiratory system defense mechanisms-SATA - •Mucus •Surfactant •Coughing •Sneezing Prioritizing patients - •Airway, breathing, circulation •Maslow's •Acute vs Chronic •A patient with dyspnea (SOB) Elderly & Respiratory Complications-SATA - Decreased cough reflex Decreased Ciliary Action Muscle Atrophy If 02 levels drop what actions will you take, in which order? - •Raise Head of bed Where else can we put a o2 probe if you cant use fingers or toes - •Earlobe, or pinna • •Do not use the forehead - this is incorrect on the quiz O2 Sensor Troubleshooting - Move the pulse oximetry sensor if O2 is low but patient is alert and laughing/moving/etc. Early sign of low oxygen - confusion Which breath sounds are heard over anterior third of the chest near the sternum and around the scapula, with equal inspiration and expiration - •Bronchovesicular are the only equal breath sounds on inspiration and expiration. THIS IS NORMAL Abnormal breath sounds= - Adventitious Crackles : Fine snap/popping sound in lungs Rales Wheezing Diminished Rhonchi Stridor: Trachea Obstruction Pleural Friction Rub Fine snap/popping sound in lungs - Crackles : Fine snap/popping sound in lungs Trachea Obstruction Sound? - •Stridor - striving to breathe Contraindication for IVP dye? - Shellfish Things to watch for after a tonsillectomy that require immediate intervention? - Frequent coughing Frequent swallowing Due to bleeding, can compromise breathing What types of food/drink should not be given to a tonsillectomy patient-SATA - Jello- not red, can be confused for blood Pudding Popsicle What should a post-tonsillectomy patient not use? - •Do not use straws, cause negative pressure by sucking in which can burst stitches Priority when Changing trach ties - •Always hold the tracheostomy tube in place. PROTECT THE AIRWAY. •If patient can hold it cool, if a second nurse is needed no worries. • •Ties can be too tight, if not changed often can embed in skin, very gross. When can a patient eat after a laryngoscopy? - •When the gag reflex returns - usually a few hours • •Numb the throat to stick a tube and a camera down the larynx Best way to avoid getting sick? - •Wash your mF-ing hands. • Wound care is always sterile procedure Pneumonia Vaccine recommendations - 20-year-old with cystic fibrosis (serious chronic pulmonary disease: sometimes requires lung transplants to live) Can you get the flu from the flu shot? - •NO. Inactive vaccine. You can get symptoms. It's your body fighting it. •Or you got a different strain of the flu How do we treat epistaxis? And what is the main goal? - •Nosebleed = epistaxis. •Goal is to stop the bleeding. • •Put pressure on nose, lean forward so blood does not leak into the throat and obstruct airway. Apply cold to constrict blood vessels. DO NOT TILT HEAD BACK. •Rest quietly. Epiglotitis-Highest Priority - •AIRWAY, check for stridor breathing sounds due to swelling, or obstruction. • •Occurs due to "Hib" •short for Haemophilus influenzae type b, a type of bacteria. •It can cause serious illnesses; such as epiglottitis, respiratory infections, meningitis, brain infection, •Life-threatening. URGENT. TELL DR. How can we differentiate between a common cold and sinusitis? - •Common cold is a virus, not treated with antibiotics. Treated by symptoms. •Sinusitis is a complication of bacterial infections. •Tenderness over sinuses •Tooth pain •Purulent drainage •Treated with antibiotics. How is influenza spread? - •Droplets. Live in the air for a few seconds or minutes • •Cover your damn mouth. Or wear a mask! AND WASH YO HANDS. Untreated strep can lead to - •Glomerulonephritis. Inflamed kidneys. How long on antibiotics before you are no longer contagious? - •24 hours. Do antibiotics help with a virus? - NO. For f*cks sake. Instructions for taking antibiotics - •Take the whole schedule or course of medication. Major risk factor for larynx cancer - Smoking Symptoms of throat cancer - •Difficulty swallowing •Sore throat 2+ weeks •Enlarged cervical lymph nodes • •NOT: nasal tenderness/pain Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) - Screening for tuberculosis antibodies Tuberculosis Sputum Tests for ___ ___ ___ and if positive, do what immediately? - Acid fast bacilli Immediate interventions: Airborne precautions- don N95 mask, negative pressure room 4 reasons that early detection of TB is important-SATA - •More effective treatment •Minimize the spread •Fewer complications •Shortens the period of disability •Less side-effects from medications What causes cystic fibrosis? - Cystic fibrosis is cause by genetic mutation Diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis - •The sweat chloride test. •High chloride levels in sweat builds up. What are the different types of pneumonia - •(besides bacterial and viral, how and where you get it?) •Community acquired - within 48 hrs of admission •Healthcare acquired - after 48 hrs is HAI •Ventilator acquired Healthcare associated pneumonia is more, or less, difficult to treat than community acquired? - •MORE difficult. •They didn't come to hospital for pneumonia, now this is a secondary issue. •The pathogens in the hospital are more resistant to treatments. Most common cause of acute bronchitis? - Virus