Western Governors University
(WGU)
WGU D027 Advanced Patho- pharmacological
Foundations
WGU D027 Exam
Course Title and Number: WGU D027 Advanced Patho-
pharmacological Foundations Exam.
Exam Title: WGU D027 Exam.
Exam Date: Exam 2025- 2026
Instructor: [Insert Instructor’s Name]
Student Name: [Insert Student’s Name]
Student ID: [Insert Student ID]
Examination
180 minutes
Instructions:
1. Read each question carefully.
2. Answer all questions.
3. Use the provided answer sheet to mark your responses.
4. Ensure all answers are final before submitting the exam.
5. Please answer each question below and click Submit when you have completed
the Exam.
6. This test has a time limit, The test will save and submit automatically when the
time expires
7. This is Exam which will assess your knowledge on the course Learning
Resources.
Good Luck!
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WGU D027 Advanced Patho- pharmacological
Foundations
2025- 2026
WGU D027 Course Renegades Review Questions and
Answers | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ |
Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the
Questions Correctly Good Luck: -
1. Celiac Disease - definition: intolerance of gluten -
more pronounced in the duodenum and jejunum
2. Celiac Disease - s/s: Abdominal pain/distention,
diarrhea (pale, greasy, bulky, foul), malnutrition
complications (rickets, occult blood, anemia), early
bleeds/bruis- es, hypomagnesemia/hypocalcemia
(irritability, tremors, convulsions, tetany, bone pain)
3. Celiac Disease - labs: IgA-tTg, IgA-EMA, total IgA
4. Celiac Disease - testing: serologic measurements
of IgA antibodies and HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8,
endoscopy with small intestine biopsy, duodenal
biopsy
5. Sjoren's Syndrome - definition: immune disorder
characterized by dry mouth and dry eyes, mostly in
older women
6. Sjoren's Syndrome - testing: SSA+ and SSB+
7. Cinnamon - Uses: Lowers BG, Cholesterol,
hypertension, risk of bleeding
8. Cinnamon - adverse efects: avoid use with
diabetic drugs, anticoagulants, and heart meds -
breastfeeding women should avoid as a treatment
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9. Gingko Biloba - uses: halt progression of dementia,
used for erectile disfunction
10. Gingko Biloba - adverse effects: increases risk
of bleeding (avoid using with anticoagulants) and
lowers seizure threshold
11. Glucosamine - uses: osteoarthritis
12. Green Tea - uses: lose weight, mental clarity
13. Green Tea - adverse effects: hepatotoxicity,
avoid taking with vasodilators/stim-
ulants/psychoactive medications, contains small
amounts of vitamin K
14. Lavender - uses: increases relaxation, helps with
anxiety/stress/insomnia
15. Lavender - adverse effects: constipation,
headache, increase appetite, de- crease BP, caution
with CNS depressants
Loop Diuretics - =Answer>> Prefix "emide" Furosemide.
Mechanism of action: Block water reabsorption in the loop of Henle of the nephron.
Increases urine output.
AE: decreased K+, decreased BP, Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity.
Contradictions: auditory, renal impartments
During diastole, which part of the heart is filling with blood? - =Answer>>
Both ventricles. Systole reflects the perfusing pressure of the cardiovascular system
where the ventricles eject blood from the heart. Once complete, a resting period—
diastole—follows, where blood must refill the ventricles directly from the collection
that occurred in the atria.
Oxygenated blood flows through which vessel? - =Answer>> Pulmonary
vein. The superior vena cava carries all the deoxygenated blood from peripheral
circulation back to the heart where it enters the right atrium to be pumped into the
right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps to the lungs for oxygenation via the
pulmonary artery. After pulmonary circulation, the oxygenated blood is carried back
to the heart via the pulmonary vein.
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What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm? -
=Answer>> Erodes the vessel wall .Atherosclerosis, also known as the
process of "hardening of the arteries" and secondary to plaque formation, weakens
the flexibility of a blood vessel wall. Without vascular compliance, the vessel wall
becomes more rigid and susceptible to rupture (i.e., an aneurysm).
Which complex (wave) represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell
depolarizations? - =Answer>> The QRS wave of an electrocardiogram
(ECG or EKG) represents the largest spike in electrical activity of the heart, as
ventricular muscle cells perform the highest burden of work to pump blood volume
out of the heart in that instance.
Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with
hypertension? - =Answer>> Angiotensin II leads to myocardial hypertrophy,
poor myocardial compliance, and ventricular dilation through stimulating increased
cardiac preload and afterload and direct toxicity to myocardial cells. It causes
sarcomere death, abnormal collagen matrices, and interstitial fibrosis
Most cardiovascular developments occur between which weeks of gestation? -
=Answer>> During weeks four to seven, the primitive heart tube progresses
through numerous stages of development leading to a developed heart with distinct
atria, ventricles, and cardiac vessels.
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children diagnosed with
tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) to relieve hypoxic spells? - =Answer>>
Spontaneous squatting helps relieve hypercyanotic events in older children through
increasing systemic vascular resistance, decreasing venous blood return. This
provides a larger amount of oxygenated blood for the body and leads to the
temporary reversal of blood through the ventricular septal defect (VSD), which
results in increased pulmonary flow. Squatting is rarely seen clinically because most
TOF defects are diagnosed and surgically repaired in infancy
Which condition is consistent with the cardiac defect of transposition of the great
vessels? - =Answer>> The aorta arises from the right ventricle. In
transposition of the great vessels, opposite of a normal heart, the aorta arises from
the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle.
A 26-year-old female presents to urgent care with complaints of extreme fatigue,
muscle aches, abdominal pain, numbness and tingling in her extremities, and
bloating. She explains that she has been experiencing gastrointestinal upset after
meals and has not had a bowel movement for the past four days. She reports using
over-the-counter, anti-diarrheal products last week to combat diarrhea. She denies
having any chronic diseases. The assessment findings include a blood pressure of
108/71 mm Hg, pulse of 82 beats per minute, and respirations of 20 breaths per
minute. The abdomen is distended and firm. Bowel sounds are present in all four
quadrants. The patient has a steady gait, though verbally complains of feeling weak
and off balance upon ambulation. Following antibody testing, Celiac disease is
suspected. Which follow-up tissue test, the gold standard for this suspected
Need Writing 📝Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍️
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(WGU)
WGU D027 Advanced Patho- pharmacological
Foundations
WGU D027 Exam
Course Title and Number: WGU D027 Advanced Patho-
pharmacological Foundations Exam.
Exam Title: WGU D027 Exam.
Exam Date: Exam 2025- 2026
Instructor: [Insert Instructor’s Name]
Student Name: [Insert Student’s Name]
Student ID: [Insert Student ID]
Examination
180 minutes
Instructions:
1. Read each question carefully.
2. Answer all questions.
3. Use the provided answer sheet to mark your responses.
4. Ensure all answers are final before submitting the exam.
5. Please answer each question below and click Submit when you have completed
the Exam.
6. This test has a time limit, The test will save and submit automatically when the
time expires
7. This is Exam which will assess your knowledge on the course Learning
Resources.
Good Luck!
, For Inquiries🤔 about This or 📑Any Other Exam 📱HMU
📧
Get Instant Academic Support
https://yourassignmenthandlers.kit.com/93b2309b47
WGU D027 Advanced Patho- pharmacological
Foundations
2025- 2026
WGU D027 Course Renegades Review Questions and
Answers | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ |
Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the
Questions Correctly Good Luck: -
1. Celiac Disease - definition: intolerance of gluten -
more pronounced in the duodenum and jejunum
2. Celiac Disease - s/s: Abdominal pain/distention,
diarrhea (pale, greasy, bulky, foul), malnutrition
complications (rickets, occult blood, anemia), early
bleeds/bruis- es, hypomagnesemia/hypocalcemia
(irritability, tremors, convulsions, tetany, bone pain)
3. Celiac Disease - labs: IgA-tTg, IgA-EMA, total IgA
4. Celiac Disease - testing: serologic measurements
of IgA antibodies and HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8,
endoscopy with small intestine biopsy, duodenal
biopsy
5. Sjoren's Syndrome - definition: immune disorder
characterized by dry mouth and dry eyes, mostly in
older women
6. Sjoren's Syndrome - testing: SSA+ and SSB+
7. Cinnamon - Uses: Lowers BG, Cholesterol,
hypertension, risk of bleeding
8. Cinnamon - adverse efects: avoid use with
diabetic drugs, anticoagulants, and heart meds -
breastfeeding women should avoid as a treatment
Need Writing 📝Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍️
100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🎯
💬 Chat with us here: 📧
, For Inquiries🤔 about This or 📑Any Other Exam 📱HMU
📧
9. Gingko Biloba - uses: halt progression of dementia,
used for erectile disfunction
10. Gingko Biloba - adverse effects: increases risk
of bleeding (avoid using with anticoagulants) and
lowers seizure threshold
11. Glucosamine - uses: osteoarthritis
12. Green Tea - uses: lose weight, mental clarity
13. Green Tea - adverse effects: hepatotoxicity,
avoid taking with vasodilators/stim-
ulants/psychoactive medications, contains small
amounts of vitamin K
14. Lavender - uses: increases relaxation, helps with
anxiety/stress/insomnia
15. Lavender - adverse effects: constipation,
headache, increase appetite, de- crease BP, caution
with CNS depressants
Loop Diuretics - =Answer>> Prefix "emide" Furosemide.
Mechanism of action: Block water reabsorption in the loop of Henle of the nephron.
Increases urine output.
AE: decreased K+, decreased BP, Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity.
Contradictions: auditory, renal impartments
During diastole, which part of the heart is filling with blood? - =Answer>>
Both ventricles. Systole reflects the perfusing pressure of the cardiovascular system
where the ventricles eject blood from the heart. Once complete, a resting period—
diastole—follows, where blood must refill the ventricles directly from the collection
that occurred in the atria.
Oxygenated blood flows through which vessel? - =Answer>> Pulmonary
vein. The superior vena cava carries all the deoxygenated blood from peripheral
circulation back to the heart where it enters the right atrium to be pumped into the
right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps to the lungs for oxygenation via the
pulmonary artery. After pulmonary circulation, the oxygenated blood is carried back
to the heart via the pulmonary vein.
Need Writing 📝Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍️
100% NO A I or Plagiarism Guaranteed🎯
💬 Chat with us here: 📧
, For Inquiries🤔 about This or 📑Any Other Exam 📱HMU
📧
What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm? -
=Answer>> Erodes the vessel wall .Atherosclerosis, also known as the
process of "hardening of the arteries" and secondary to plaque formation, weakens
the flexibility of a blood vessel wall. Without vascular compliance, the vessel wall
becomes more rigid and susceptible to rupture (i.e., an aneurysm).
Which complex (wave) represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell
depolarizations? - =Answer>> The QRS wave of an electrocardiogram
(ECG or EKG) represents the largest spike in electrical activity of the heart, as
ventricular muscle cells perform the highest burden of work to pump blood volume
out of the heart in that instance.
Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with
hypertension? - =Answer>> Angiotensin II leads to myocardial hypertrophy,
poor myocardial compliance, and ventricular dilation through stimulating increased
cardiac preload and afterload and direct toxicity to myocardial cells. It causes
sarcomere death, abnormal collagen matrices, and interstitial fibrosis
Most cardiovascular developments occur between which weeks of gestation? -
=Answer>> During weeks four to seven, the primitive heart tube progresses
through numerous stages of development leading to a developed heart with distinct
atria, ventricles, and cardiac vessels.
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children diagnosed with
tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) to relieve hypoxic spells? - =Answer>>
Spontaneous squatting helps relieve hypercyanotic events in older children through
increasing systemic vascular resistance, decreasing venous blood return. This
provides a larger amount of oxygenated blood for the body and leads to the
temporary reversal of blood through the ventricular septal defect (VSD), which
results in increased pulmonary flow. Squatting is rarely seen clinically because most
TOF defects are diagnosed and surgically repaired in infancy
Which condition is consistent with the cardiac defect of transposition of the great
vessels? - =Answer>> The aorta arises from the right ventricle. In
transposition of the great vessels, opposite of a normal heart, the aorta arises from
the right ventricle, and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle.
A 26-year-old female presents to urgent care with complaints of extreme fatigue,
muscle aches, abdominal pain, numbness and tingling in her extremities, and
bloating. She explains that she has been experiencing gastrointestinal upset after
meals and has not had a bowel movement for the past four days. She reports using
over-the-counter, anti-diarrheal products last week to combat diarrhea. She denies
having any chronic diseases. The assessment findings include a blood pressure of
108/71 mm Hg, pulse of 82 beats per minute, and respirations of 20 breaths per
minute. The abdomen is distended and firm. Bowel sounds are present in all four
quadrants. The patient has a steady gait, though verbally complains of feeling weak
and off balance upon ambulation. Following antibody testing, Celiac disease is
suspected. Which follow-up tissue test, the gold standard for this suspected
Need Writing 📝Help? We've Got You Covered! ✍️
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