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  • Biol 200
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  • Biol 200

biol200 Exam Prep Questions and Answers all 100% Correct

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  • January 10, 2025
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Biol 200
  • Biol 200
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biol200 Exam Prep Questions and Answers all
100% Correct

How are DNA and RNA monomers different? - ✔✔DNA has deoxyribose while RNA
has ribose



How is deoxyribose different from ribose? - ✔✔deoxyribose is missing the 2' hydroxyl



purine structure vs. pyrimidines - ✔✔2 joined rings for purines, but pyrimidines only
have 1



which heterocyclic bases are purines? - ✔✔A and G



which heterocyclic bases are pyrimidines? - ✔✔U, T, and C



Why does DNA have T instead of U? - ✔✔makes some chemical damage easier to
repair



what is the bond between nucleotides? - ✔✔phosphodiester bond



What does the phosphodiester bond look like? - ✔✔phosphate forms two ester
bonds. One is to the 5'OH of downstream nucleotide and the other is to the 3' OH of the
upstream nucleotide



protein monomer - ✔✔amino acid

,characteristic element of amino acids - ✔✔amino side chain (R group)



common element of amino acids - ✔✔the alpha carbon linked to a carboxyl (COOH)
group and amino group (NH2)



which stereoisomers of amino acids are used in protein synthesis? - ✔✔only L



what are the two joining sites of amino acids? - ✔✔the amino group and carboxyl
group



What are the two ends of a protein called? - ✔✔amino terminus and carboxyl
terminus



which end does the protein grow? - ✔✔addition of monomers to the carboxyl end



three main classes of amino acids - ✔✔hydrophobic
hydrophilic (acidic/basic)
special



bonds between amino acids - ✔✔peptide bond
carboxyl joins to amino group of next monomer



How are nucleotide monomers modified to join the chain? - ✔✔energized into
nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs). Outer two phosphates kicked out when joins chain



how are amino acid monomers modified to join the chain? - ✔✔energized into amino
acyl-tRNA esters. tRNA molecule kicked out when next amino acid joins

, what enzyme catalyzes DNA nucleotide linkage? What is its template? - ✔✔DNA
polymerase, template: DNA



what enzyme catalyzes RNA nucleotide linkage? What is its template? - ✔✔RNA
polymerase, template: DNA



what enzyme catalyzes amino acid linkage? What is its template? - ✔✔ribosome,
template: mRNA



why are major/minor grooves in DNA important? - ✔✔DNA binding proteins can
make contact at grooves and identify sequences without having to separate the strands



how are 2 DNA strands held together in a helix? - ✔✔H bonds between base pairs



Tm - ✔✔the temp where DNA is half melted



what does Tm depend on? - ✔✔base composition- more G-C pairs means higher Tm



Which base pairs take more energy to separate? Why? - ✔✔G-C pairs, because they
have 3 H-bonds between them



central dogma of molecular biology - ✔✔DNA makes RNA makes protein



Replication - ✔✔DNA synthesis

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