PSY 470 Exam 3 | Questions with Verified Answers

PSY 470 Exam 3 | Questions with Verified Answers Active listening with the intention and commitment of understanding the other before seeking to be understood is known as ____ listening. a. one-way b. compassionate c. empathic d. two-way e. autobiographical Dr. Dean Ornish views ____ as a risk factor for heart disease that is equally as important as high cholesterol levels or obesity. a. grief b. worrying c. poverty d. isolation e. anger Money is the most commonly reported relationship stressor. True False People with low self-esteem are more likely to establish relationships with people who are critical and rejecting. True False Pet owners tend to report lower levels of stress than non-pet owners. True False Research about coping methods in children indicates that a. boys and girls both report turning to friends as their preferred coping method. b. boys report having fewer people they feel comfortable with turning to for help c. contrary to stereotype, girls list computer games and online activities as their first choice d. sex differences do not emerge until late adolescence. e. while young, boys and girls have an equal preference for the "tend and befriend" approach. Research conducted in Alameda County revealed that those with few social contacts had a mortality rate _____ times higher than those with many social connections. a. 4 to 5 b. 6 to 7 c. 2 to 3 d. 10 to 12 e. 8 to 9 Research has shown that single men live longer than married men. True False Research indicates that touch causes a decrease in _____ output. a. testosterone b. cortisol c. epinephrine d. dopamine e. serotonin Researchers at the University of Illinois found no relationship between strong social ties and happiness. True False Researchers at the University of Illinois found that those with the highest levels of happiness and the fewest signs of depression: a. understood the importance of work/life balance. b. were motivated by academic success. c. were married for more than five years. d. had strong ties to family and friends. e. engaged in regular exercise. Social support appears to provide a buffer for stressful situations. True False When confronted with a stressful situation, women are more likely than men to focus on solutions. True False Which style of conflict management is commonly referred to as win-win? a. collaborating b. avoidance c. compromising d. competing e. accommodating Which style of conflict management is unassertive and uncooperative? a. collaborating b. competing c. avoidance d. accommodating e. compromising A Kaiser Family Foundation report found that on average, children between the ages of 8 and 18 spend approximately ____ a day using entertainment media. a. 8.5 hours b. 5.5 hours c. 4.5 hours d. 6.5 hours e. 7.5 hours A clear link exists between violence and environmental stress. True False Blues, greens, violets and other cooler colors are useful in areas designed for creativity and socializing. True False Individual perception has a significant effect on the level of stress experienced from environmental stressors. True False Melatonin is a hormone made by a part of the brain called the hypothalamus. True False Monotonous color schemes contribute to: a. a decrease in symptoms of anxiety and depression. b. increased sensory stimulation. c. greater feelings of creativity. d. a contemplative mood. e. an inability to concentrate. Regular exposure to full-spectrum lighting has been demonstrated to improve seasonal affective disorder (SAD) by decreasing the amount of melatonin produced in the brain. True False Smell is acutely retained in memory more than sounds or sights. True False Smell is analyzed in the limbic system, an area of the brain associated with emotion. True False Studies suggest that different environmental temperatures can raise or lower stress levels. True False The ____ refers to the observation that higher temperatures are related to higher rates of aggression. a. seasonal effect b. thermometer principle c. hot flash d. heat effect e. climate factor Ultraviolet light can: a. lower mood. b. increase anxiety. c. lessen fatigue. d. decrease protein metabolism. e. elevate blood pressure. What is the name of the mood disorder associated with changes in exposure to natural light? a. seasonal affective disorder b. bipolar disorder c. generalized nocturnal disorder d. manic depression e. solar sensitivity When a person connects a particular environment with a previous experience, the two become linked together. The ___ uses this to explain why we might feel stressed in certain environments. a. determination theory b. learned response theory c. selective affect theory d. law of socialization e. reflex principle Prolonged exposure to sounds over 85 decibels can damage hearing. True False A ____decrease in the body's water level can result in hospitalization. a. 1% b. 3% c. 6 % d. 2% e. 4% Anne often eats beyond the point of feeling full but does not purge. Anne is likely suffering from: a. runaway eating b. binge eating disorder c. bulimia d. anorexia e. body dysmorphic disorder Body composition refers to: a. how quickly food is converted into blood sugar. b. the amount of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates a person consumes in a day. c. how effectively the liver releases cholesterol in the bloodstream. d. the proportion of fat tissue in relation to lean body tissue. e. how efficiently the body converts glucose into fat. Caffeine is known to: a. stimulate serotonin production. b. increase the risk of depression. c. reduce glucose levels. d. negatively affect focus. e. increase stress hormones. Complex carbohydrates increase serotonin production. True False During stressful times, it is important to exceed the daily recommended dose of vitamins. True False Muscle endurance refers to the force a muscle can exert. True False Regular exercise decreases the amount of adrenaline and cortisol released during stressful events. True False Research indicates that college athletes have higher drinking rates than non-athletes. True False Runaway eating is characterized by: a. compulsive eating without paying attention to hunger. b. binge eating followed by excessive exercising. c. self-starvation and extreme weight loss. d. binge eating followed by purging. e. the use of laxatives to eliminate calories. The best nutritional preparation for stress is a varied and balanced diet. True False What happens to excess glucose (simple sugar) in the bloodstream? a. It is converted into dopamine. b. It is used to digest carbohydrates. c. It activates the release of cortisol. d. It is stored as fat. e. It is transformed into protein. Which of the following suggestions can help improve sleep? a. Have a snack with chocolate in it. b. Eat a large meal just before bedtime. c. Watch television in bed to distract yourself. d. Avoid bright light in the evening. e. Drink two to three glasses of wine before bed. Women are more likely than men to develop alcohol dependence. True False ____ is the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to process and transport oxygen required by muscle cells to meet the demands of prolonged physical activity. a. Aerobic endurance b. Anaerobic fitness c. Muscle endurance d. Muscle fitness e. Cardiorespiratory fitness A person can be stressed and relaxed at the same time. True False According to the text, a person should practice a relaxation activity for a minimum of ____ each day. a. 20 to 30 minutes b. 30 to 40 minutes c. 40 to 50 minutes d. 10 to 20 minutes e. 5 to 10 minutes Passive alertness is best described as ____. a. a relaxed state of mind b. an unlikely outcome of the Power Nap c. a poorly understood effect of relaxation d. having clear expectations of desired results e. an active form of concentration Relaxation happens when we increase sympathetic nervous system activity and decrease parasympathetic nervous system activity. True False People who process information visually may prefer to meditate on a meaningful word or phrase. True False Relaxation techniques tend to work the same for everyone. True False The Power Nap redistributes blood flow to the ____. a. extremities b. spinal cord c. upper parts of the body d. vital organs e. lower parts of the body The purpose of relaxation techniques is to ____. a. activate parasympathetic nervous system activity b. improve the circulatory system c. stimulate the lymphatic system d. facilitate detoxification within the vital organs e. activate sympathetic nervous system activity While learning any relaxation activity, it is important to ____. a. try each method several times b. focus on whether you are doing the activity correctly c. make sure your posture is correct d. stop all thinking e. approach each exercise with expectations of success Which sensation is common during relaxation? a. sweating b. rapid breathing c. increased heart rate d. tingling e. frustration Adults normally breathe at the rate of how many breaths per minute? a.6 to 10 b.10 to 12 c.18 to 20 d.12 to 16 e.22 to 26