PSY 470 Exam 1 | Questions and Answers

PSY 470 Exam 1 | Questions and Answers The Yerkes-Dodson principle states that ____. higher stress levels always lead to enhanced performance lower stress levels always lead to enhanced performance stress levels do not have an impact on performance stress levels that are either too high or too low can diminish performance stress levels most typically tend to diminish performance You are driving down the highway when your tire suddenly has a blowout. What immediate reaction are you most likely to experience? eustress chronic stress acute stress episodic stress distress Which dimension of health involves experiencing and appreciating a wide range of feelings and an ability to express these feelings in a healthy manner? physical health spiritual health social health intellectual health emotional health Which factor is most important in understanding your reactions to the stressors in your life? your genetic background your living environment your power to make choices your academic success your uniqueness The information overload generated by 24/7 access to the Internet, mobile phones, Twitter, Facebook, and e-mail has had an impact on stress that is referred to as ____________________. technostress distress discostress culturestress internetstress According to the 2012 CIRP Freshman Survey, women are more likely than men to report feeling overwhelmed True False People who are exposed to extremely stressful events as children tend to be particularly vulnerable to stress as adults True False Overall, college students describe relationship difficulties with their families, friends, and romantic partners as the greatest impediment to their academic performance True False Your reaction to the events in your life, rather than the actual events, determines whther the outcomes will be stressful or not. True False Stress can be stimulating and helpful, providing opportunities for learning and growth. True False The work of Richard Lazarus shows that daily hassles, or relatively small everyday incidents (e.g., arguments) can add up to more distress than major life stressors. True False Regardless of whether stress is acute, episodic, or chronic, the effects on health are approximately the same. True False Your textbook will cover three major approaches to dealing with stress. These are 1) eliminate the stressor; 2) change your thinking; and 3) ignore the stress. True False According to your textbook, the top 2 reported impediments to academic performance (according to the American College Health Association) are stress, and anxiety. True False Stress which occurs before an infant can truly form memories and recall stressful events is unlikely to have any lasting effects. True False On average, adults have a heart rate of approximately _____ beats per minute. a. 40-50 b. 60-70 c. 70-80 d. 90-100 e. 100-110 The single purpose for the stress response in humans is to _____. experience maximum comfort engage with other humans survive physical danger obtain adequate food Among adults, the average respiration rate (how many breaths you take per minute) is approximately _____ breaths per minute. a. 4-8 b. 12-16 c. 20-24 d. 28-32 e. 36-40 Which stress assessment tool incorporates physical, intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and social aspects of health for a balanced assessment? a. Ardell Wellness Stress Test b. Perceived Stress Scale c. Student Stress Scaled. d. Inventory of College Students' Recent Life Experiencese. e. Tombstone Test What is the name of the stress assessment tool that allows you to assess stress triggers throughout your day? a. Stress-o-Meter b. Daily Stress Diary c. Perceived Stress Scale d. Assess Your Stress tool e. Symptoms of Stress form It is important to measure both state and trait stress, because some people might be high on one index and low on another at any given time. True False One of the major benefits of meditation is that it slows the breathing rate, thereby decreasing how much oxygen is available to the brain and short-circuiting the stress response. True False Sleep studies show that one of the reasons sleep is so important is that we are "immune" to the effects of stress once we fall asleep and so during this time we are able to recover from the stress of the day and awake refreshed. True False The first step in developing a plan to reduce and manage stress is assessment. True False In addition to taking an inventory of stressful events, another way to measure stress is to evaluate the frequency of exposure to the various stressors. True False Because no single survey can adequately capture the numerous domains and dimensions of stress, the results from several assessments are needed to give you a fuller understanding of your stress level. True False student stress scale Ideal for understanding the link between stressful events in the last year and changes in health status. perceived stress scale This scale focuses more on how the individual feels or reacts to the stress they endorse. Tombstone test This is not an actual stress test per se, but is an exercise to help the user identify what is important to them and how they would like to be remembered. stress vulnerability questionnaire This 30-item measure categorizes users in to 5 categories ranging from "excellent resistance to stress" to "poor/highly vulnerable to stress." Physiological changes that result from sympathetic nervous system activation include _____. a. increased heart rate b. increased salivation c. increased digestion d. decreased blood pressure e. decreased oxygen to the brain fight-or-flight response The body's automatic response when threat or danger is perceived tend-and-befriend response A theory that asserts that women naturally respond differently to a stressful situation than men general adaptation syndrome The three-stage process in which the body tries to adapt to stress homeostasis A state of physiological and emotional balance parasympathetic nervous system The branch of the autonomic nervous system designed to return the body to homeostasis following the stress response sympathetic nervous system The branch of the autonomic nervous system responsible for initiating the fight-or-flight response When the stress response is initiated, changes come about because of the activation of a branch of the nervous system called the _____ nervous system. a. automatic b. autonomic c. somatic d. para-autonomic e. non-sympathetic The parasympathetic nervous system functions to return the body to a state of homeostasis after the fight-or-flight response has been activated. True False Sympathetic nervous system activation would benefit Julio the most if he were ____. a. taking an important test b. being stuck in a traffic jam c. getting married d. being chased by a mugger e. getting divorced The single purpose for the stress response in humans is to _____. a. prosper economically b. obtain adequate food c. survive physical danger d. engage as a community e. experience comfort The _____ plays a key role in the stress response because it is the chief region of the brain responsible for integration of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities. a. adrenal medulla b. pituitary gland c. hypothalamus d. adrenal cortex e. cerebral cortex During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are several body systems activated to prepare the body for action? a. autonomic stage b. homeostasis stage c. alarm stage d. resistance stage e. exhaustion stage The pituitary gland produces the stress hormone cortisol. True False The majority of today's stressors demand that we either run from them or fight them. True False The physiological and emotional limits within which the body functions in an efficient and balanced state is called _____. a. general adaptation syndrome b. eustress c. synthesis d. homeostasis e. myocardial stasis Sonam has wanted to be a doctor since he was eight. But now, as a pre-medical student, he is finding the weekly problem sets and quizzes in his biochemistry class a source of great stress and little success, and he is only one month into the school year. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is he most likely in? a. resistance stage b. alarm stage c. exhaustion stage d. autonomic stage e. homeostasis stage The autonomic nervous system is that portion of the nervous system over which a person has complete control. True False Which system is suppressed as a result of sympathetic nervous system activation? a. muscular system b. endocrine system c. respiratory system d. nervous system e. immune system During which stage of the general adaptation syndrome does the body no longer function normally due to chronic activation of the stress response? a. alarm stage b. homeostasis stage c. exhaustion stage d. autonomic stage e. resistance stage Healthy People 2020 reports the continuing trend that among the most pressing concerns in public health associated with stress is/are _____. a. asthma b. birth defects c. ulcerative colitis d. insomniae. e. mental health problems Grinding, gnashing, or clenching teeth during sleep can be caused by stress or tension. This condition is known as _____. a. gingivitis b. grimacing c. salivation d. bruxism e. rumination Which of the following is a cardiovascular problem that is a result of chronic stress? a. Blood tends to clot more easily. b. Blood pressure decreases. c. Heart rate drops. d. Low levels of interleukins cause inflammation. e. Arteries leading to the heart muscle dilate. Chronically high cortisol levels lead to a number of health effects including _____. a. increased muscle contraction b. enhanced short-term memory c. excessive immune response d. insulin resistance e. deeper sleep patterns Psychosomatic diseases are not real and therefore, cannot make a person feel sick or have symptoms. True False The impact of long-term stress on the immune system is _____. a. moderate b. negligible c. profound d. minor e. erratic Which disease is the number one cause of death in the U.S.? a. cardiovascular disease b. lung cancer c. obesity d. colon cancer e. diabetes Conditions that have a mind and body component are called _____. a. p sychosocial b. psychosomatic c. mental illness d. psychological e. physiological Which system is suppressed as a result of the stress response? a. immune system b. endocrine system c. respiratory system d. nervous system e. circulatory system Psychiatrist David Spiegel found that stress hormones play a role in the progression of _____ cancer. a. colon b. liver c. breast d. brain e. lung Mental stress increases oxygen demand because blood pressure and heart rate are elevated. True False The "placebo effect" means that the treatment has no effect. True False studies show that people at risk for high stress can actually slow cell aging through exercise, meditation, prayer, or other forms of stress reduction. True False