WGU C458: Comprehensive Health, Fitness, and Wellness OA Guide
The adult human skeleton usually consists of _____ bones. - correct answer ✔✔206
4 Classifications of Bones - correct answer ✔✔- Long Bones
- Short Bones
- Flat Bones
- Irregular Bones
Joints - correct answer ✔✔Where 2 bones come together. Also referred to as an articulation.
Joints - correct answer ✔✔Are divided into 3 categories: Immovable, Slightly Movable, and Freely
Movable
Cartilage - correct answer ✔✔The tough but flexible tissue that covers the ends of the bones of freely
movable joints and protects bones by preventing them from rubbing against each other.
Ligament - correct answer ✔✔A connective tissue that binds one bone to another
Tendon - correct answer ✔✔A connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Striated Muscle - correct answer ✔✔It moves all bones and controls facial expressions and eye
movements. Also known as skeletal muscle.
Smooth muscle - correct answer ✔✔Lines the walls of the internal organs (such as the intestines). Also
known as visceral muscle.
Cardiac muscle - correct answer ✔✔This is a unique type of muscle. It is a combination of both striated
and smooth muscles. Only the heart has this type of muscle.
,Nervous System - correct answer ✔✔The _____________ is classified into 2 major divisions: the CNS
and PNS
Central Nervous System (CNS) - correct answer ✔✔Nerves inside the brain and spinal cord that send
signals to other parts of the body. Only includes the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - correct answer ✔✔All nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord.
This system relays messages between the CNS and other areas of the body.
Respiratory System - correct answer ✔✔The __________ consists of the lungs, passageways for air flow,
blood vessels, and muscles.
Function of the Respiratory System - correct answer ✔✔Respiration, which is defined by the sequence of
events that results in the delivery of oxygen into the body followed by the transfer of carbon dioxide out
of the body.
Cardiovascular System - correct answer ✔✔The __________ consists of the heart (a powerful muscular
pump) and blood vessels.
Function of the Cardiovascular System - correct answer ✔✔To transport a constant supply of nutrients
and oxygen to body cells through the flow of blood. (Could summarize this as circulation)
Arteries - correct answer ✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart to the body tissues.
Veins - correct answer ✔✔Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
Digestive System - correct answer ✔✔The ________ includes the digestive tract and its accessory
organs.
Role of Digestive System - correct answer ✔✔To process food into molecules that can be absorbed and
utilized by cells of the body.
, Functions of the Digestive System - correct answer ✔✔- Ingestion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Elimination
Digestive Tract - correct answer ✔✔1. Mouth
2. Esophagus
3. Stomach
4. Small Intestine
5. Large Intestine
6. Anus
7. Accessory Organs: Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas
Salivary Glands - correct answer ✔✔Located in the mouth; moisten and lubricate food and begin the
breakdown of carbohydrates.
Liver - correct answer ✔✔Metabolizes macronutrients (e.g., carbohydrates, proteins, fats); produces
bile; and detoxifies the body
Gallbladder - correct answer ✔✔Stores the bile, a yellow-green fluid, which helps digest and absorb fats
Pancreas - correct answer ✔✔Secretes enzymes and hormones (such as insulin) that help with digestion
and the use of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Urinary System - correct answer ✔✔The __________ balances the fluids in your body by stimulating
thirst and producing, storing, and eliminating urine. Also known as the renal system. Organs include:
kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra.
Kidneys - correct answer ✔✔Bean-shaped organs located in the abdominal cavity on either side of the
spine that are responsible for producing urine.
The adult human skeleton usually consists of _____ bones. - correct answer ✔✔206
4 Classifications of Bones - correct answer ✔✔- Long Bones
- Short Bones
- Flat Bones
- Irregular Bones
Joints - correct answer ✔✔Where 2 bones come together. Also referred to as an articulation.
Joints - correct answer ✔✔Are divided into 3 categories: Immovable, Slightly Movable, and Freely
Movable
Cartilage - correct answer ✔✔The tough but flexible tissue that covers the ends of the bones of freely
movable joints and protects bones by preventing them from rubbing against each other.
Ligament - correct answer ✔✔A connective tissue that binds one bone to another
Tendon - correct answer ✔✔A connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Striated Muscle - correct answer ✔✔It moves all bones and controls facial expressions and eye
movements. Also known as skeletal muscle.
Smooth muscle - correct answer ✔✔Lines the walls of the internal organs (such as the intestines). Also
known as visceral muscle.
Cardiac muscle - correct answer ✔✔This is a unique type of muscle. It is a combination of both striated
and smooth muscles. Only the heart has this type of muscle.
,Nervous System - correct answer ✔✔The _____________ is classified into 2 major divisions: the CNS
and PNS
Central Nervous System (CNS) - correct answer ✔✔Nerves inside the brain and spinal cord that send
signals to other parts of the body. Only includes the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - correct answer ✔✔All nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord.
This system relays messages between the CNS and other areas of the body.
Respiratory System - correct answer ✔✔The __________ consists of the lungs, passageways for air flow,
blood vessels, and muscles.
Function of the Respiratory System - correct answer ✔✔Respiration, which is defined by the sequence of
events that results in the delivery of oxygen into the body followed by the transfer of carbon dioxide out
of the body.
Cardiovascular System - correct answer ✔✔The __________ consists of the heart (a powerful muscular
pump) and blood vessels.
Function of the Cardiovascular System - correct answer ✔✔To transport a constant supply of nutrients
and oxygen to body cells through the flow of blood. (Could summarize this as circulation)
Arteries - correct answer ✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood AWAY from the heart to the body tissues.
Veins - correct answer ✔✔Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
Digestive System - correct answer ✔✔The ________ includes the digestive tract and its accessory
organs.
Role of Digestive System - correct answer ✔✔To process food into molecules that can be absorbed and
utilized by cells of the body.
, Functions of the Digestive System - correct answer ✔✔- Ingestion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Elimination
Digestive Tract - correct answer ✔✔1. Mouth
2. Esophagus
3. Stomach
4. Small Intestine
5. Large Intestine
6. Anus
7. Accessory Organs: Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas
Salivary Glands - correct answer ✔✔Located in the mouth; moisten and lubricate food and begin the
breakdown of carbohydrates.
Liver - correct answer ✔✔Metabolizes macronutrients (e.g., carbohydrates, proteins, fats); produces
bile; and detoxifies the body
Gallbladder - correct answer ✔✔Stores the bile, a yellow-green fluid, which helps digest and absorb fats
Pancreas - correct answer ✔✔Secretes enzymes and hormones (such as insulin) that help with digestion
and the use of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Urinary System - correct answer ✔✔The __________ balances the fluids in your body by stimulating
thirst and producing, storing, and eliminating urine. Also known as the renal system. Organs include:
kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra.
Kidneys - correct answer ✔✔Bean-shaped organs located in the abdominal cavity on either side of the
spine that are responsible for producing urine.
