NSG 123 Medical Surgical Nursing: Exam 4
(Modules 8, 9, 10, 11) questions with answers
Delirium Definition - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔State of temporary
acute mental confusion. Usually develops over a 2-3 day person. It is life-
threatening & possibly preventable syndrome. Most frequent complication of
hospitalization in older adults. Priority of safety and treating underlying cause.
Delirium, often called acute confusional state, begins with disorientation and,
if not recognized and treated, can progress to changes in level of
consciousness, irreversible brain damage, and sometimes death
Dementia Definition - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Initial symptoms are
related to changes in cognitive function. The cognitive, functional, and
behavioral changes that characterize dementia eventually destroy a person's
ability to function. The symptoms are usually subtle in onset and often
progress slowly until they are obvious and devastating. Family members often
report to doctor: Memory loss, Mild disorientation, Trouble with words and/or
numbers
Confusion:
Suspected Elderly Abuse - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Neglect or abuse
of the patient can occur, and this has been documented in home situations as
well as in institutions. If neglect or abuse of any kind—including physical,
emotional, sexual, neglect, or financial abuse—is suspected, the local adult
protective services agency must be notified. The responsibility of the nurse is to
report the suspected abuse, not to prove it.
,What is the point of medications in Alzheimer's? - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔Slow the Progression
What two categories of medications are used to treat Alzheimer's? - ....🔰
VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor & N-methyl-D-
aspartate receptor antagonist
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist: Name? What Disease? What to
watch for? What does it do? - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Alzheimer's
Memantine- Namenda
Decreases glutamate circulation in the brain
• Watch renal disease
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor: Name? What Disease? What to watch for? What
does it do? - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Alzheimer's
Increases uptake of acetylcholine (Donepezil- Aricept, Rivastigmine- Exelon)
• Watch liver disease
Cardinal Signs of Parkinson's - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Symptoms:
Tremor, Rigidity, Bradykinesoa (overall slowing of active movement), Postural
Instability (postural and gait problems),
Gradual onset, symptoms progress slowly over a chronic, prolonged course
Diagnosis of Parkinsons: - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Although
laboratory tests and imaging studies are not helpful to the clinician in
diagnosing PD ongoing research with PET and single-photon emission
computed tomography scanning has been helpful in understanding the disease
, and advancing treatment. Currently, the disease is diagnosed clinically from
the patient's history and the presence of two of the four cardinal
manifestations: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural changes. CT scan
can show some chronic changes but will not change long term outcomes. The
medical history, presenting symptoms, neurologic examination, and response
to pharmacologic management are carefully evaluated when making the
diagnosis.
Confirmation Diagnosis of Parkinson's - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS....
✔✔Give patient Levodopa-Carbodopa and see if they respond to it or not.
What does Levodopa do? & What disease is it used in? - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔Increases dopamine available in the brain
Parkinson's
What does adding Carbidopa to Levodopa do? What disease is it used in?
- ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Adding Carbidopa can slow how quickly
Levodopa is absorbed
Parkinson's
What is the brand name of Carbidopa/Levodopa? - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔Simemet
Why would a provider add Entacapone (Comtan) to a Sinemet medication
regimen? - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Works well in combo with
Simemet
(Modules 8, 9, 10, 11) questions with answers
Delirium Definition - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔State of temporary
acute mental confusion. Usually develops over a 2-3 day person. It is life-
threatening & possibly preventable syndrome. Most frequent complication of
hospitalization in older adults. Priority of safety and treating underlying cause.
Delirium, often called acute confusional state, begins with disorientation and,
if not recognized and treated, can progress to changes in level of
consciousness, irreversible brain damage, and sometimes death
Dementia Definition - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Initial symptoms are
related to changes in cognitive function. The cognitive, functional, and
behavioral changes that characterize dementia eventually destroy a person's
ability to function. The symptoms are usually subtle in onset and often
progress slowly until they are obvious and devastating. Family members often
report to doctor: Memory loss, Mild disorientation, Trouble with words and/or
numbers
Confusion:
Suspected Elderly Abuse - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Neglect or abuse
of the patient can occur, and this has been documented in home situations as
well as in institutions. If neglect or abuse of any kind—including physical,
emotional, sexual, neglect, or financial abuse—is suspected, the local adult
protective services agency must be notified. The responsibility of the nurse is to
report the suspected abuse, not to prove it.
,What is the point of medications in Alzheimer's? - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔Slow the Progression
What two categories of medications are used to treat Alzheimer's? - ....🔰
VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor & N-methyl-D-
aspartate receptor antagonist
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist: Name? What Disease? What to
watch for? What does it do? - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Alzheimer's
Memantine- Namenda
Decreases glutamate circulation in the brain
• Watch renal disease
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor: Name? What Disease? What to watch for? What
does it do? - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Alzheimer's
Increases uptake of acetylcholine (Donepezil- Aricept, Rivastigmine- Exelon)
• Watch liver disease
Cardinal Signs of Parkinson's - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Symptoms:
Tremor, Rigidity, Bradykinesoa (overall slowing of active movement), Postural
Instability (postural and gait problems),
Gradual onset, symptoms progress slowly over a chronic, prolonged course
Diagnosis of Parkinsons: - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Although
laboratory tests and imaging studies are not helpful to the clinician in
diagnosing PD ongoing research with PET and single-photon emission
computed tomography scanning has been helpful in understanding the disease
, and advancing treatment. Currently, the disease is diagnosed clinically from
the patient's history and the presence of two of the four cardinal
manifestations: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural changes. CT scan
can show some chronic changes but will not change long term outcomes. The
medical history, presenting symptoms, neurologic examination, and response
to pharmacologic management are carefully evaluated when making the
diagnosis.
Confirmation Diagnosis of Parkinson's - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS....
✔✔Give patient Levodopa-Carbodopa and see if they respond to it or not.
What does Levodopa do? & What disease is it used in? - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔Increases dopamine available in the brain
Parkinson's
What does adding Carbidopa to Levodopa do? What disease is it used in?
- ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Adding Carbidopa can slow how quickly
Levodopa is absorbed
Parkinson's
What is the brand name of Carbidopa/Levodopa? - ....🔰VERIFIED
ANSWERS.... ✔✔Simemet
Why would a provider add Entacapone (Comtan) to a Sinemet medication
regimen? - ....🔰VERIFIED ANSWERS.... ✔✔Works well in combo with
Simemet
