a a a a a a a
and Molecular Diagnostics,
a a a a
8th Edition by Nader Rifai, PhD
a a a a a a
Chapters 1 - 49a a a a
,Tietz aFundamentals aof aClinical aChemistry aand aMolecular aDiagnostics a8th a Edition aTest aBank
Table aof acontents:
I. aPrinciples aOf aLaboratory aMedicine
Chapter a1. aClinical aChemistry, aMolecular aDiagnostics, aand aLaboratory aMedicine
Chapter a2. aSelection aand aAnalytical aEvaluation aof aMethods a— aWith aStatistical aTechniques
Chapter a3. aClinical aEvaluation aof aMethods
Chapter a4. aEvidence-Based aLaboratory aMedicine
Chapter a5. aEstablishment aand aUse aof aReference aValues
Chapter a6. aSpecimen aCollection, aProcessing, aand aOther aPreanalytical aVariables
Chapter a7. aQuality aManagement
II. aAnalytical aTechniques aAnd aInstrumentation
Chapter a8. aPrinciples aof aBasic aTechniques aand aLaboratory aSafety
Chapter a9. aOptical aTechniques
Chapter a10. aElectrochemistry aand aChemical aSensors
Chapter a11. aElectrophoresis
Chapter a12. aChromatography
Chapter a13. aMass aSpectrometry
Chapter a14. aEnzyme aand aRate aAnalyses
Chapter a15. aImmunochemical aTechniques
Chapter a16 aAutomation
Chapter a17. aPoint-of-Care aInstrumentation
III. a Analytes
Chapter a18. aAmino aAcids, aPeptides, aand aProteins
Chapter a19. aSerum aEnzymes
Chapter a20. aTumor aMarkers aand aCancer aGenes
Chapter a21. aKidney aFunction aTests a— aCreatinine, aGFR, aUrea, aand aUric aAcid
Chapter a22. aCarbohydrates
Chapter a23. aLipids, aLipoproteins, aApolipoproteins, aand aOther aCardiac aRisk aFactors
Chapter a24. aElectrolytes aand aBlood aGases
Chapter a25. aHormones
Chapter a26. a Catecholamines aand aSerotonin
Chapter a27. a Vitamins, aTrace aElements, aNutritional aAssessment
Chapter a28. aHemoglobin, aIron, aand aBilirubin
Chapter a29. aPorphyrins aand aPorphyrias
Chapter a30. aTherapeutic aDrugs aand aTheir aManagement
Chapter a31. aClinical aToxicology
Chapter a32. a Toxic aMetals
IV. a Pathophysiology
Chapter a33. aDiabetes
,Chapter a34. a Cardiovascular aDisease
Chapter a35. aKidney aDisease
Chapter a36. a Physiology aand aDisorders aof aWater, aElectrolyte, aand aAcid-Base aMetabolism
Chapter a37. a aLiver aDisease
Chapter a38. a Gastrointestinal aand aPancreatic aDiseases
Chapter a39. a aDisorders aof aBone aand aMineral aMetabolism
Chapter a40. a aDisorders aof athe aPituitary aGland
Chapter a41. a Disorders aof athe aAdrenal aCortex
Chapter a42. a Thyroid aDisorders
Chapter a43. a Reproduction-Related aDisorders
Chapter a44. a aPregnancy aand aPrenatal aTesting
Chapter a45. a Newborn aScreening aand aInborn aErrors aof aMetabolism
Chapter a46. aPharmacogenetics
V. a Molecular aDiagnostics
Chapter a47. aPrinciples aof aMolecular aBiology
Chapter a48. aNucleic aAcid aTechniques aand aApplications
Chapter a49. aGenomes aand aNucleic aAcid aAlterations
, Chapter a01: aClinical aChemistry, aMolecular aDiagnostics, aand aLaboratory aMedicine aTest
aBank
MULTIPLE aCHOICE
1. An aindividual aworking ain aa aclinical achemistry alaboratory ais amarried ato aa asales
arepresentative awho aworks afor aa acompany athat asells achemistry alaboratory asupplies.
aWhen athe alaboratory amanager arequests aa alist aof aneeded asupplies, acost aof asupplies, aand
avendors, athis aindividual aonlyarecommends athe aspouse’s acompany aas athe avendor. aThis ais
aconsidered ato abe aa(n):
a. accounting aissue.
b. possible aconflict aof ainterest.
c. maintenance aof aconfidentiality aissue.
d. problem awith aresource aallocation.
ANS: a B
Concern ahas abeen araised aover athe ainterrelationships abetween apractitioners ain athe
amedical afieldaand acommercial asuppliers aof adrugs, adevices, aequipment, aetc., ato athe
amedical a profession.
Similarly, arelationships ahave abeen ascrutinized abetween aclinical alaboratorians aand
amanufacturers aand aproviders aof adiagnostic aequipment aand asupplies. aThese aconcerns aled
athe aNational aInstitutes aof aHealth a(NIH) ain a1995 ato arequire aofficial ainstitutional areview aof
afinancial adisclosure aby aresearchers aand amanagement aof asituations ain awhich adisclosure
aindicates apotentialaconflicts aof ainterest.
DIF: 1 REF: a a aPage a4-5 OBJ: a 6 a| a7
2. A apatient avisits aher aphysician astating athat aher aprescribed apainkiller ais anot aworking ato
areduce athe apain afollowing aher arecent asurgery. aA afriend aof athe apatient aclaims athat athe
asame apainkillera“worked awonders” ato areduce aher apain aafter athe asame asurgery. aThe
aphysician astates athat athe adifference ain athe aeffect aof athe adrug amight abe acaused aby ,
awhich ais astudied ain apharmacogenetics.
a. epidemiology
b. an ainherited adisease
c. a aconflict aof ainterest
d. a agenetic avariation ain adrug-metabolizing aenzymes
ANS: a D
Pharmacogenetics ais athe astudy aof athe agenetic avariation aof adrug ametabolism
abetweenaindividuals.
DIF: 1 REF: a a aPage a3 OBJ: a 1
3. John aworks ain aa amolecular adiagnostics alaboratory aand areceives aa ablood asample athat
ahas athe aname aof aa aclose afriend aprinted aon athe abar-coded alabel. aThe agenetic atest athat
ais aordered aon atheafriend’s asample awould aprovide adiagnostic ainformation aabout aa
adisorder athat ahas aa apoor aprognosis, aand athe atest ais ausually aperformed aby aJohn. aHe
aasks aa afellow aemployee ato aanalyzeathe asample afor ahim aand anot adivulge athe aresults.
aThis aethical aissue aconcerns:
a. confidentiality aof apatient agenetic aand amedical ainformation.
b. a aconflict aof ainterest.
c. resource aallocation.