NSG 6001 Week 3 Quiz NSG6001

NSG 6001 Week 3 Quiz NSG6001 Which of the following doses of statins decrease LDL by up to 50% on average? C. Atorvastatin 80 mg What is true regarding the treatment of cilostazol? D. It causes platelet aggregation Which of the following medications can cause hyperlipidemia? A. High dose diuretics Which of the following complementary therapies may be helpful if a patient has orthostatic hypotension? D. Hawthorn The patient has metabolic syndrome. Patient is at increased risk for what condition? C. Diabetes mellitus You are assessing Sigred for metabolic syndrome. Which of her parameters is indicative of this syndrome? A. Her waist is 36 inches Which type of angina do you suspect in Harvey, who complains of chest pain that occurs during sleep and most often in the early morning hours? C. Variant (Prinzmetal’s angina) A delta wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) may be present in which condition? C. Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome . Which pain characteristic is usually indicative of angina pectoris? C. Diffuse What % of patients w/angina pectoris have simultaneous dyspnea, caused by transient increase in pulm. venous pressures that accompany ventricular stiffening during an episode of myocardial ischemia? B. About 30% What is the most common form of heart disease in a patient with atrial fibrillation? D. Coronary artery disease associated with heart failure In which patient do premature ventricular contractions NOT need to be treated? A. Kelly, a 25-year-old female with an allergy to bee stings What is the most common form of heart disease in a patient with atrial fibrillation? D. Coronary artery disease associated with heart failure What does digitalis compete with at binding sites on the cell membrane? B. Potassium What of the following patients is a candidate for statins? B. Christa is a 65-year-old female with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) Which information should be included when you are teaching your patient about the use of nicotine gum? A. The gum must be correctly chewed to a softened state and then placed in the buccal mucosa This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 C. 15 to 20 mg Madeline is a smoker in a primary-care visit with her provider. After her provider asks if she is willing to quit, she says she has decided to quit, has bought nicotine gum, and is interested in hearing about Chantix. Which of the following steps is Madeline in regarding behavioral changes and her attempts at cessation? D. Preparation What is the first-line recommended treatment against Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS), the most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis? A. Penicillin Cydney presents with a history of asthma. She has not been treated for a while. She complains of daily but not continual symptoms, greater than 1 week and at nighttime. She has been using her rescue inhaler. Her FEV1 is 60% to 80% predicted. How would you classify her asthma severity? C. Moderate persistent Joyce is taking a long-acting beta agonist for her asthma. What additional medication should she be taking? A. Inhaled corticosteroid Your patient is on theophylline for his asthma. You want to maintain his serum levels between: C. 5 to 15 mcg/mL George has COPD and an 80% forced expiratory volume in 1 second. How would you classify the severity of his COPD? A. Stage 1 mild COPD Lisa is a 25-year-old Hispanic female experiencing chest tightness, a feeling of suffocation, and feels like she “can’t get air in.” She has no current history of heart or lung disease and did not exercise leading up to this attack. Which of the following is the most likely cause for this dyspnea? C. Anxiety-related dyspnea Most nosocomial pneumonias are caused by: C. Gram-negative bacteria Your patient has decided to try to quit smoking with Chantix. You are discussing his quit date, and he will begin taking the medicine tomorrow. When should he plan to quit smoking? C. His quit date should be in 1 week A 22-year-old male is seen in the clinic because he found a hard lump in his testicle when performing testicular self-examination (TSE). Which of the following risk factors leads the clinician to suspect potential testicular cancer? B. Prior cryptorchidism This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 A. Radical orchidectomy A patient with testicular cancer is being followed after completing treatment 1 year ago. He has been symptom-free with no evidence of disease. How often should he have a CT scan? B. Every 3 to 4 months A 23-year-old sexually active man is seen in the clinic w/ unilateral painful testicular swelling, diagnosed with epididymitis. In order to prescribe correct drug, the clinician must understand that which is the most common causative organism? C. Chlamydia trachomatis Tyler is a 16-year-old male who the clinician is counseling on sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which statement made by the clinician is correct? A. “Untreated gonorrhea can lead to many health problems, and if it is not treated it can lead to a syndrome that affects your entire body called disseminated gonococcal infection” A 23-year-old sexually active woman presents for her first Pap smear. Her history includes nulligravida, age at first intercourse 14, and more than 10 sexual partners. Which of the following conditions should the clinician be particularly alert for during her examination? A. Human papillomavirus A 24-year-old woman presents to the clinic with dysuria, dyspareunia, and a mucopurulent vaginal discharge. Her boyfriend was recently treated for nongonococcal urethritis. What sexually transmitted disease has she most probably been exposed to? C. Chlamydia A 27-year-old female presents with chief complaint burning/pain on urination. She has no prev. history of UTI. What additional symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of lower UTI? C. Blood in urine and frequency A 76-year-old man is seen in the office for complaints of urinary tract infection (UTI). The clinician should explore which of these causes of UTI in men? B. Epididymitis Peter is a 40-year-old male with a recent diagnosis of low testosterone. Which of the following counseling points is correct regarding low testosterone? C. Lowering your HbA1c may improve your testosterone levels Which of the following is a correct recommendation of when to begin prostate screening? C. Men who have had a brother diagnosed with prostate cancer before the age of 65 should start screening at 45 This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 following laboratory tests would help establish a diagnosis? A. Testosterone level During a DRE on a 75-year-old man, the clinician suspects the patient has prostate cancer. What physical finding should make the clinician suspicious? A. Nodular and unusually firm gland A 78-year-old man is diagnosed with C2 prostate cancer, and he asks the clinician what that means. In order to answer the patient, the clinician must have which understanding of the Jewett rating system? A. The cancer involves the seminal vesicles A 35-year-old female patient is seen in the clinic complaining of abdominal pain. Which of the following should be included in the examination? D. Pelvic exam Which of the following is a condition that results in colicky abdominal pain? D. Gallstones A 45-year-old patient presents with a chief complaint of generalized abdominal pain. Her physical examination is remarkable for left lower quadrant tenderness. At this time, which of the following should be considered in the differential diagnosis? A. Endometriosis Robin is a 57-year-old female presenting with diffuse abdominal pain. Which of the following statements from the provider to Robin is correct? B. “Does moving around change the nature of your pain?” A 25-year-old accountant is seen in the clinic complaining of crampy abdominal pain after meals. Often constipated and takes laxatives, followed by a couple days of diarrhea. She temporarily feels better after a bowel movement. She states she is embarrassed by flatulence and has abdom. distension. She has had no weight loss or blood in her stool. This problem has gone on 6 months. What should next step be? A. Obtain a complete history A 28-year-old patient is seen in the clinic with colicky abdominal pain, particularly after meals. She has frequent constipation, flatulence, and abdominal distension. Which of the data make a diagnosis of diverticulitis unlikely? A. Her age Gail, a 35-year-old female patient, is seen in the clinic in the morning. She complains of abrupt onset of nausea, vomiting, colicky abdominal cramps, and profuse watery diarrhea that began last night. Vitals are BP: 110/70, HR: 110, temperature: 99°F, RR: 12. She recently came back from vacation in Switzerland, ate leftovers for dinner, and had a cold 2 weeks ago. Which is the most probable cause of her condition? A. Staphylococcus This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 following medications. Which drug could be responsible for the constipation? C. Pepto-Bismol® Which of the following is an appropriate strategy to manage constipation? A. Mildly exercise after breakfast A 25-year-old patient presents to the clinic with fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, and constipation for the past 3 months. On physical examination, the clinician notices muscular stiffness; coarse, dry hair; and a delay in relaxation in deep tendon reflexes. Which test should be ordered next? B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone Which of the following is not a cause of secondary constipation? A. Hard stools What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea? A. Pregnancy The clinician is seeing Jalissa, a 17-year-old patient, for a well woman’s exam. She mentions that she has been depressed and has been yo-yo dieting because she feels “so fat.” She marked “no” to whether she feels safe in her home on her intake form, and mentions she is worried about getting STIs from her boyfriend of three months. Which of the following is the correct way to interact with the patient, based on her history? C. “You mentioned on your intake form that you do not feel safe in your home. Why is that?” Which of the following is an alternative treatment for breast tenderness with premenstrual syndrome? A. Evening primrose oil 250 mg orally up to 3 times daily 2 to 3 days before menses A 45-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with abnormal uterine bleeding and pain during intercourse. The clinician should consider which of the following diagnoses? D. Polyp What must be present for a diagnosis of acute diarrhea? B. Passing six or more stools daily without improvement for at least 3 days A patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following should be included in the patient’s differential diagnosis? A. Gastroenteritis A 28-year-old patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following responses to the history questions would help the primary-care provider (PCP) establish the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? D. Pain is precipitated by eating This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 that he has had intermittent heartburn for several months and takes antacids with temporary relief. He has been waking during the night with a burning sensation in his chest. Which additional information would lead you to believe that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the cause of his pain? C. He wakes at night coughing with a bad taste in his mouth A patient is diagnosed with GERD, and his endoscopic report reveals the presence of Barrett’s epithelium. Which of the following should the PCP include in the explanation of the pathology report? C. This tissue supports healing of the esophagus Which of the following dietary instructions should be given to a patient with GERD? A. Eliminate coffee Which of these patients should be given a decongestant? C. Dan, a 60-year-old male with allergic rhinitis Which of the following is an aerobic gram-negative bacteria involved in prostatitis? B. Pseudomonas What is the most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis? A. Adenovirus Hannah is a patient that just had an appendectomy after a diagnosis of appendicitis and had no complications. Which of the following patient education points is correct? C. “Your diet will be advanced when bowel sounds return.” Which of the following is most effective in diagnosing acute appendicitis? A. History and physical Which of the following is true of appendicitis? D. If appendicitis occurs in infants, it is associated with higher morbidity A 22-year-old is seen complaining of vague belly pain. This type of pain is seen at what point in appendicitis? A. Very early B. 3 to 4 hours after perforation Which of the following patients should be referred to a hepatologist? A. Patient with persistent elevation of HBsAg A 29-year-old is seen in the office with complaints of pain in his chest and belly. He quit smoking 6 months ago. He has been suffering the pain for 2 weeks and gets temporary relief from Alka-Seltzer® and Pepto-Bismol®. The burning pain wakes him at night and radiates up to his chest. Which factor favors a diagnosis of gastric ulcer? C. His use of Alka-Seltzer This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 gastrointestinal tract? C. Meckel’s diverticulum A 21-year-old student presents with complaints of fatigue, headache, anorexia, and a runny nose, all of which began about 2 weeks ago. She started taking vitamins and over-the-counter cold preparations but feels worse. The smell of food makes her nauseated. Her boyfriend had mononucleosis about 1 month ago, and she wonders if she might have it also. Examination reveals cervical adenopathy and an enlarged liver and spleen. Which of the following labs would be most helpful in the differential diagnosis at this point? C. Antihepatitis D virus Infectious mononucleosis results from an acute infection with which of the following? A. Epstein-Barr virus What is the mainstay of management for infectious mononucleosis? B. Symptom control How long would the clinician inform the patient to rest after onset of infectious mononucleosis? D. 4 weeks A patient presents with symptoms of infectious mononucleosis. Which lab chemistry test should the clinician order? D. Heterophile antibody test A patient presents with the following signs and symptoms: gradual onset of lowgrade fever, marked fatigue, severe sore throat, and posterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Based on the signs and symptoms alone, which of the following conditions is most likely the cause? B. Mononucleosis You have a patient who is a positive for strep on rapid antigen testing (rapid strep test). You order amoxicillin after checking for drug allergies (patient is negative) but he returns 3 days later, reporting that his temperature has gone up, not down (101.5°F in office). You also note significant lymphadenopathy, most notably in the posterior and anterior cervical chains, some hepatosplenomegaly, and a diffuse rash. You decide: D. That he possibly has mononucleosis concurrent with his strep infection Angela is a 30-year-old G0P0 biracial Asian and Caucasian woman. Her body mass index (BMI) is 22 and her history includes anemia, epilepsy, and bee-sting allergy. Which of the following parts of her patient history would increase her risk of cholelithiasis? D. Female gender This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 middle of the back. The NP suspects acute cholelithiasis. The NP should expect which of the following laboratory findings? B. Elevated alkaline phosphatase Which of the following are included in the Ranson’s criteria for assessing the severity of pancreatitis at the time of diagnosis? C. Base deficit greater than 4 mEq/L Donna is a 36-year-old African American woman with chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following are necessary to manage her condition? D. A low-fat diet of less than 50 g of fat per day A patient is seen with a sudden onset of flank pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis. In addition to nephrolithiasis, which of the following should be added to the list of differential diagnoses? A. Pancreatitis The patient has a fever of 104.2°F (40.1°C). Which condition should the clinician be considering as the etiology of the fever? D. Pancreatitis Which of the following diagnostic tests is ordered for a cecal volvulus bowel obstruction? A. Barium enema A 28-year-old patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following responses to the history questions would help the primary-care provider (PCP) establish the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? D. Pain is precipitated by eating Leslie is a 35-year-old Caucasian woman who presents with weakness, anorexia, weight loss, and fatigue. Her history is significant for inflammatory bowel disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and cigarette smoking. Which of the following pieces of her history leads the clinician to believe she has primary sclerosing cholangitis? C. Inflammatory bowel disease Carl has been diagnosed with Wilson’s disease. Which of the following should be included in his dietary education? C. Limit shrimp intake Ron has cirrhosis and now presents with altered mental status after increasing protein intake because he was trying to increase muscle mass. Which of the following diseases should the clinician be concerned about? B. Hepatic encephalopathy This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :57:40 GMT -06:00 Powered by TCPDF ()