NU 158 / NU158 Medical-Surgical
Nursing I Latest Update Verified
Questions and Answers by Galen Key
Download
13-20 % of population poses extra blood supply to the eye what is it called and what area does it supply? -
Correct Answers-short posterior ciliary arteries branch distally from the ophthalmic
artery and supply the choroid.
Cilioretinal
arteries, an anatomic variant
present in 15%
-
30% of the population, branch from the short posterior
ciliary artery. These arteries supply the macula in addition to the
choroidal circulation
acquired causes of optic atrophy? - Correct Answers-•multiple sclerosis
•papilloedema (longstanding)
•raised intraocular pressure (e.g. glaucoma, tumour)
•retinal damage (e.g. choroiditis, retinitis pigmentosa)
•ischaemia
•toxins: tobacco amblyopia, quinine, methanol, arsenic, lead
•nutritional: vitamin B1, B2, B6 and B12 deficiency
Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? - Correct Answers-S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
Anterior uventis is linked to which infectious diseases? - Correct Answers-HSV, SYphilis, TB &
varicella zoster
Anterior uventis is linked to which non infectious diseases? - Correct Answers--Ankyolising
spondilitis,
-behcet syndrom (ulcers eye,mouth & genitals),
,-IBS,
-Juvenile arthritis, sarcoidosis (Granulomatous disease),
-seronegative arthropathy
Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? - Correct Answers-- infectious epithelial keratitis
(with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear)
Benfits of cataract surgery - Correct Answers-mproved visual acuity. 85-90% of people will have
6/12 best corrected vision
(This meets the driving requirements in the UK).
However, reading glasses are
usually needed after cataract surgery, and some people may require glasses for distance vision who did
not previously require them
-Improved clarity of vision
- Improved colour vision.
can facial nerve palsy cause ectropions? - Correct Answers-yes, Acute is consistent with Bell palsy.
Chronic, insidious progressive facial nerve palsy may indicate a mass lesion.
can raised ICP cause strabismus - Correct Answers-yes, y compressing the nerve that runs between
Clivus & briain stem
can the eye cellulitis get? - Correct Answers-yes, Infections of the periorbital and orbital tissues range
in
severity, from relatively minor to potentially
life-threatening, especially to spread
cause of hyphaema ? - Correct Answers-Trauma -blunt or penetrating
•Surgery
•Spontaneous
Sickle cell anaemia
Causes of astigmatism? - Correct Answers--Hereditary - corneal or lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
,keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
Causes of Hypopyon - Correct Answers-release of toxins and not by the actual invasion of pathogens.
The toxins secreted by the pathogens mediate the outpouring of leukocytes that settle in the anterior
chamber of the eye
Causes of PACG - Correct Answers-Pupil block is considered to be a key element in its pathogenesis.
•PAC and PACG are different things
-PAC is generally bilateral.
(≥180 degrees ITC = Elevated IOP and/or Peripheral Anterior Synechiae >
Leading to Optic Nerve damage (PACG)
Causes of Posterior vitrous detachment? - Correct Answers-Synchysis of the vitreous humour, leading
to a break in the Cortical vitreous -causing vitreal fluid to flow through
Causes of sudden occular pain? - Correct Answers-Migraine
Optic neuropathy
Uveitis
Corneal pain
Accompanying symptoms are usually decreased visual acuity and reduced colour vision, and the pain
typically is worse with eye movements.
•
Eye pain that may be caused by optic europathy requires immediate attention by an ophthalmologist and a
neurologist
Causes/classification of blephritis? - Correct Answers-Staphylococcal blepharitis
Seborrhoeic blepharitis
Meibomian blepharitis - Meibomian gland dysfunction
charectoristic of senile cataracts? - Correct Answers--decreased visual acuity
-glare
, -Myopia or myopic shift
- monocular diplopia - abnormal curvature of corneal surface , created double vision in 1 eye!
clinical fature of retinal vein occlusion? - Correct Answers-With time retinal heamorrhage may
decreae of resolve:
- macular oedema often chronic
-epiretinal membrane may form
-optocilliar shunt vessels
neovascularisation of disc,etc may results in vitreous hemorhage or tractional retinal detachment
clinical manifestation of branch retinal artery occlusion ?
and what is seen on PEx - Correct Answers-monocular vision loss (restircted to part of visual feild)
<50% with BRAO have imparrire Visual aquity
sectorial patten o retinal opacification
retinal emboli and more frequently seen
Clinical manifestations of Of central retinal artery occlusion?
and whaat is seen on PEx? - Correct Answers-acute vision loss (painless)
- Visuall aquity of hand motion may be normal
- cheery red macular a pale surroundings
CLinical signs of Retinal detachment? - Correct Answers-RAPD ( if extensive)
Haemorrhage in vitreus - tobacco dust
Reduced VA
Cells/ flare in anterior chamber
common causes for sudden painless loss of vision? - Correct Answers-• ischaemic optic neuropathy
(e.g. temporal arteritis or atherosclerosis)
• occlusion of central retinal vein
• occlusion of central retinal artery
• vitreous haemorrhage
• retinal detachment
Common causes of cellultiis (eye) - Correct Answers-Staphylococcus, Streptococcus
Nursing I Latest Update Verified
Questions and Answers by Galen Key
Download
13-20 % of population poses extra blood supply to the eye what is it called and what area does it supply? -
Correct Answers-short posterior ciliary arteries branch distally from the ophthalmic
artery and supply the choroid.
Cilioretinal
arteries, an anatomic variant
present in 15%
-
30% of the population, branch from the short posterior
ciliary artery. These arteries supply the macula in addition to the
choroidal circulation
acquired causes of optic atrophy? - Correct Answers-•multiple sclerosis
•papilloedema (longstanding)
•raised intraocular pressure (e.g. glaucoma, tumour)
•retinal damage (e.g. choroiditis, retinitis pigmentosa)
•ischaemia
•toxins: tobacco amblyopia, quinine, methanol, arsenic, lead
•nutritional: vitamin B1, B2, B6 and B12 deficiency
Aetiology of bacterial conjunctivitis? - Correct Answers-S.Aureus, Sterp. Pneumo or H.flu
also STIs chlamydia trachromatis, N.gonnorheae
Anterior uventis is linked to which infectious diseases? - Correct Answers-HSV, SYphilis, TB &
varicella zoster
Anterior uventis is linked to which non infectious diseases? - Correct Answers--Ankyolising
spondilitis,
-behcet syndrom (ulcers eye,mouth & genitals),
,-IBS,
-Juvenile arthritis, sarcoidosis (Granulomatous disease),
-seronegative arthropathy
Appearance of dendritic ulcer on opthalmoscopy? - Correct Answers-- infectious epithelial keratitis
(with characteristic dendritic ulcers)
-neurotrophic keratopathy
-stromal keratitis endotheliitis (classified as disciform, diffuse, or linear)
Benfits of cataract surgery - Correct Answers-mproved visual acuity. 85-90% of people will have
6/12 best corrected vision
(This meets the driving requirements in the UK).
However, reading glasses are
usually needed after cataract surgery, and some people may require glasses for distance vision who did
not previously require them
-Improved clarity of vision
- Improved colour vision.
can facial nerve palsy cause ectropions? - Correct Answers-yes, Acute is consistent with Bell palsy.
Chronic, insidious progressive facial nerve palsy may indicate a mass lesion.
can raised ICP cause strabismus - Correct Answers-yes, y compressing the nerve that runs between
Clivus & briain stem
can the eye cellulitis get? - Correct Answers-yes, Infections of the periorbital and orbital tissues range
in
severity, from relatively minor to potentially
life-threatening, especially to spread
cause of hyphaema ? - Correct Answers-Trauma -blunt or penetrating
•Surgery
•Spontaneous
Sickle cell anaemia
Causes of astigmatism? - Correct Answers--Hereditary - corneal or lenticular
-Injuries to the cornea, such as infection that scars the cornea
,keratoconus & kertoglobus - causes bulgin, thinner and shape change.
Some conditions of the eyelid
others that affect cornea or lense
Causes of Hypopyon - Correct Answers-release of toxins and not by the actual invasion of pathogens.
The toxins secreted by the pathogens mediate the outpouring of leukocytes that settle in the anterior
chamber of the eye
Causes of PACG - Correct Answers-Pupil block is considered to be a key element in its pathogenesis.
•PAC and PACG are different things
-PAC is generally bilateral.
(≥180 degrees ITC = Elevated IOP and/or Peripheral Anterior Synechiae >
Leading to Optic Nerve damage (PACG)
Causes of Posterior vitrous detachment? - Correct Answers-Synchysis of the vitreous humour, leading
to a break in the Cortical vitreous -causing vitreal fluid to flow through
Causes of sudden occular pain? - Correct Answers-Migraine
Optic neuropathy
Uveitis
Corneal pain
Accompanying symptoms are usually decreased visual acuity and reduced colour vision, and the pain
typically is worse with eye movements.
•
Eye pain that may be caused by optic europathy requires immediate attention by an ophthalmologist and a
neurologist
Causes/classification of blephritis? - Correct Answers-Staphylococcal blepharitis
Seborrhoeic blepharitis
Meibomian blepharitis - Meibomian gland dysfunction
charectoristic of senile cataracts? - Correct Answers--decreased visual acuity
-glare
, -Myopia or myopic shift
- monocular diplopia - abnormal curvature of corneal surface , created double vision in 1 eye!
clinical fature of retinal vein occlusion? - Correct Answers-With time retinal heamorrhage may
decreae of resolve:
- macular oedema often chronic
-epiretinal membrane may form
-optocilliar shunt vessels
neovascularisation of disc,etc may results in vitreous hemorhage or tractional retinal detachment
clinical manifestation of branch retinal artery occlusion ?
and what is seen on PEx - Correct Answers-monocular vision loss (restircted to part of visual feild)
<50% with BRAO have imparrire Visual aquity
sectorial patten o retinal opacification
retinal emboli and more frequently seen
Clinical manifestations of Of central retinal artery occlusion?
and whaat is seen on PEx? - Correct Answers-acute vision loss (painless)
- Visuall aquity of hand motion may be normal
- cheery red macular a pale surroundings
CLinical signs of Retinal detachment? - Correct Answers-RAPD ( if extensive)
Haemorrhage in vitreus - tobacco dust
Reduced VA
Cells/ flare in anterior chamber
common causes for sudden painless loss of vision? - Correct Answers-• ischaemic optic neuropathy
(e.g. temporal arteritis or atherosclerosis)
• occlusion of central retinal vein
• occlusion of central retinal artery
• vitreous haemorrhage
• retinal detachment
Common causes of cellultiis (eye) - Correct Answers-Staphylococcus, Streptococcus
