RN ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 400 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A nurse is teaching a female client who has a severe UTI about ciprofloxacin. Which of the following
information about adverse reactions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Observe for pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon.
B. Watch for a vaginal yeast infection.
C. Expect excessive nighttime perspiration.
D. Inspect the mouth for cottage cheese-like lesions.
E. Take the medication with a dairy product - ANSWER-a, b, d
(A. Pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon indicate an adverse effect of ciprofloxacin to report to the
provider.
B. A vaginal yeast infection is an overgrowth of
Candida albicans, which commonly occurs when taking ciprofloxacin.
D. Cottage cheese-like lesions in the mouth indicate an overgrowth of Candida albicans, a common
adverse effect when taking ciprofloxacin)
A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a female client who has a new prescription for Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. Take the medication even if pregnant.
B. Maintain a fluid restriction while taking it.
C. Take it on an empty stomach.
D. Stop taking it when manifestations subside - ANSWER-C (The nurse should inform the client that
she may take the medication with or without food.)
,A nurse is planning to administer Ciprofloxacin IV to a client who has cystitis. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer a concentrated solution.
B. Infuse the medication over 60 min.
C. Infuse the solution through the primary IV fluid's tubing.
D. Choose a small peripheral vein for administration. - ANSWER-B (The nurse should administer
ciprofloxacin IV over 60 min to minimize irritation of the vein)
A nurse is caring for a client who has Diabetes Mellitus, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and a new prescription
for Isoniazid. Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect to administer to prevent an
adverse effect of INH?
A. Ascorbic acid
B. Pyridoxine
C. Folic acid
D. Cyanocobalami - ANSWER-B (Pyridoxine is frequently prescribed along with INh to prevent
peripheral neuropathy for clients who have increased risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus or alcohol
use disorder)
A nurse is infusing IV Amphotericin B to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. The nurse should
monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Constipation C. Fever
D. Hyperkalemia - ANSWER-C (Amphotericin B can cause fever, chills, and nausea during the infusion.
Pretreatment with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen can reduce these effects.)
A nurse is administering IV Amphotericin B to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. The nurse
should monitor which of the following laboratory values? (Select all that apply.)
A. Serum calcium
,B. Serum amylase
C. Serum potassium
D. Hematocrit
E. Serum creatinine - ANSWER-c, d, e
(C.hypokalemia is a serious adverse effect of amphotericin B.
The nurse should monitor serum potassium values for hypokalemia.
D. Amphotericin B can cause bone marrow suppression.
The nurse should monitor CBC and platelet count periodically.
Amphotericin B can cause nephrotoxicity. The nurse should monitor kidney function (with serum
creatinine, BUN, and creatinine clearance))
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of Metronidazole to treat an infection. For which of
the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to stop taking Metronidazole and notify
the provider?
A. Metallic taste
B. Nausea
C. Ataxia
D. Dark-colored urine - ANSWER-C (Ataxia, tremors, paresthesias of the extremities, and seizures are
manifestations of CNS toxicity. The client should stop taking the medication and notify the provider if
any of these effects occur.)
A nurse is teaching a client who has active tuberculosis about his treatment regimen. The client asks why
he must take four different medications. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. "Four medications decrease the risk for a severe allergic reaction"
B. "Four medications reduce the chance that the bacteria will become resistant.
C. "Four medications reduce the risk for adverse reactions"
, D. "Four medications decrease the chance of having a positive tuberculin skin test. - ANSWER-B (If the
client took only one medication to treat active tuberculosis, resistance to the medication would occur
quickly. Taking three or four medications decreases the possibility of resistance.)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs (abacavir, lamivudine,
and zidovudine) for treatment of HIV. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
A."These medications work by blocking hIV entry into cells."
B."These medications work by weakening the cell wall of
the HIV virus."
C."These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent hIV replication."
D."These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the hIV cell." - ANSWER-C (The
NRTI antiretroviral medications this client takes work by inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase
and preventing hIV replication)
A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral medications, including the NRTI Zidovudine,
to treat hIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of Zidovudine?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Fatigue
B. Blurred vision
C. Ataxia
D. Hyperventilation
E. Vomiting - ANSWER-a, d, e
(A. Fatigue is a manifestation of anemia, an adverse effect of zidovudine. Neutropenia can also occur,
causing a high risk for infection
D.hyperventilation is a finding that can occur if the client develops lactic acidosis, a serious adverse effect
of zidovudine.
E. Vomiting and other GI effects are adverse effects of zidovudine)
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 400 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A nurse is teaching a female client who has a severe UTI about ciprofloxacin. Which of the following
information about adverse reactions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Observe for pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon.
B. Watch for a vaginal yeast infection.
C. Expect excessive nighttime perspiration.
D. Inspect the mouth for cottage cheese-like lesions.
E. Take the medication with a dairy product - ANSWER-a, b, d
(A. Pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon indicate an adverse effect of ciprofloxacin to report to the
provider.
B. A vaginal yeast infection is an overgrowth of
Candida albicans, which commonly occurs when taking ciprofloxacin.
D. Cottage cheese-like lesions in the mouth indicate an overgrowth of Candida albicans, a common
adverse effect when taking ciprofloxacin)
A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a female client who has a new prescription for Trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. Take the medication even if pregnant.
B. Maintain a fluid restriction while taking it.
C. Take it on an empty stomach.
D. Stop taking it when manifestations subside - ANSWER-C (The nurse should inform the client that
she may take the medication with or without food.)
,A nurse is planning to administer Ciprofloxacin IV to a client who has cystitis. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Administer a concentrated solution.
B. Infuse the medication over 60 min.
C. Infuse the solution through the primary IV fluid's tubing.
D. Choose a small peripheral vein for administration. - ANSWER-B (The nurse should administer
ciprofloxacin IV over 60 min to minimize irritation of the vein)
A nurse is caring for a client who has Diabetes Mellitus, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and a new prescription
for Isoniazid. Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect to administer to prevent an
adverse effect of INH?
A. Ascorbic acid
B. Pyridoxine
C. Folic acid
D. Cyanocobalami - ANSWER-B (Pyridoxine is frequently prescribed along with INh to prevent
peripheral neuropathy for clients who have increased risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus or alcohol
use disorder)
A nurse is infusing IV Amphotericin B to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. The nurse should
monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Constipation C. Fever
D. Hyperkalemia - ANSWER-C (Amphotericin B can cause fever, chills, and nausea during the infusion.
Pretreatment with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen can reduce these effects.)
A nurse is administering IV Amphotericin B to a client who has a systemic fungal infection. The nurse
should monitor which of the following laboratory values? (Select all that apply.)
A. Serum calcium
,B. Serum amylase
C. Serum potassium
D. Hematocrit
E. Serum creatinine - ANSWER-c, d, e
(C.hypokalemia is a serious adverse effect of amphotericin B.
The nurse should monitor serum potassium values for hypokalemia.
D. Amphotericin B can cause bone marrow suppression.
The nurse should monitor CBC and platelet count periodically.
Amphotericin B can cause nephrotoxicity. The nurse should monitor kidney function (with serum
creatinine, BUN, and creatinine clearance))
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of Metronidazole to treat an infection. For which of
the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to stop taking Metronidazole and notify
the provider?
A. Metallic taste
B. Nausea
C. Ataxia
D. Dark-colored urine - ANSWER-C (Ataxia, tremors, paresthesias of the extremities, and seizures are
manifestations of CNS toxicity. The client should stop taking the medication and notify the provider if
any of these effects occur.)
A nurse is teaching a client who has active tuberculosis about his treatment regimen. The client asks why
he must take four different medications. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
A. "Four medications decrease the risk for a severe allergic reaction"
B. "Four medications reduce the chance that the bacteria will become resistant.
C. "Four medications reduce the risk for adverse reactions"
, D. "Four medications decrease the chance of having a positive tuberculin skin test. - ANSWER-B (If the
client took only one medication to treat active tuberculosis, resistance to the medication would occur
quickly. Taking three or four medications decreases the possibility of resistance.)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs (abacavir, lamivudine,
and zidovudine) for treatment of HIV. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
A."These medications work by blocking hIV entry into cells."
B."These medications work by weakening the cell wall of
the HIV virus."
C."These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent hIV replication."
D."These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the hIV cell." - ANSWER-C (The
NRTI antiretroviral medications this client takes work by inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase
and preventing hIV replication)
A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral medications, including the NRTI Zidovudine,
to treat hIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of Zidovudine?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Fatigue
B. Blurred vision
C. Ataxia
D. Hyperventilation
E. Vomiting - ANSWER-a, d, e
(A. Fatigue is a manifestation of anemia, an adverse effect of zidovudine. Neutropenia can also occur,
causing a high risk for infection
D.hyperventilation is a finding that can occur if the client develops lactic acidosis, a serious adverse effect
of zidovudine.
E. Vomiting and other GI effects are adverse effects of zidovudine)
