TEST BANK jjj
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
j j jjj jjj
, TABLE OF CONTENT j jjj
Chapter1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
j jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types,Sources, and Doses Received
jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj
Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter4. Radiation Quantitiesand Units Chapter
j jjj jjj j jjj jjj
5. Radiation Monitoring
jjj jjj jjj
Chapter 6. Overviewof Cell Biology
jjj jjj j jjj jjj
Chapter7. Molecularand CellularRadiation Biology
j jjj j jj j j jjj
Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter9. Stochastic Effectsand Late Tissue Reactionsof Radiation in Organ
jjj j jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj
Systems
jjj
Chapter10. Dose Limitsfor Exposureto Ionizing Radiation
j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj jjj
Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter12. ManagementofPatientRadiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray
j jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj
Procedures
jjj
Chapter13. Radiation Safetyin ComputedT omographyand Mammography
j jjj jjj j jjj j j jjj
Chapter 14. Managementof Imaging PersonnelRadiation Dose During
jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj j jjj jjj
Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
jjj jjj jjj
Chapter15. Radioisotopesand Radiation Protection
j jjj j jjj jjj
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection j j j jjj j j j jj j j j j
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography,j j j j j j jjj jjj j j j j j j 9th j j j Edition
MULTIPLE j j j CHOICE
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include jjj j jjj j jjj jjj
1. creation ofunstable atoms. jjj j jjj
2. production of free electrons. jjj j jjj
3. creation ofhighly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable
jjj j jjj jjj jjj j j j j j jjj
ofproducing substances poisonous to the cell.
jjj j jjj j j j j j j jjj jjj
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
jjj j j j j j j j j jjj j j jjj
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j jjj j jjj jjj j jjj j
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. jjj jjj jjj jjj
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only j jjj jjj jjj jjj
b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only j jjj jjj jjj jjj
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only j jjj jjj jjj jjj
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: j j j D
,2. Which ofthe following is a form ofradiation that is capable of creating electrically
jjj j jjj jjj jjj j jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj j jjj
charged particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter
jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j jjj
through which it passes?
jjj jjj jjj jjj
a. Ionizing radiation j j j
b. Nonionizing radiation jjj
c. Subatomic radiation jjj
d. Ultrasonic radiation jjj
ANS: j j j A
3. Regarding exposure toionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the
jjj jjj j jjj j j j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj
medical benefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
j jjj j j j jjj j j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj
a. assume asmall chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation jjj j jjj jjj j j j j jjj j jjj jjj j
phobia they may have.
jjj jjj jjj jjj
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not w illing to assume a
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j jjj j jjj
small chance of biologic damage.
j jjj jjj jjj j j j
c. suppress anyradiation phobia butnot risk a small chance ofpossible jjj j jjj jjj j j jjj j jjj jjj j
biologic damage.
jjj jjj
d. suppress anyradiation phobia and be w illing to assume a small chance jjj j jjj jjj j j jjj j jjj j jjj
ofpossible biologic damage.
jjj j jjj j j j
ANS: j j j D
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
jjj j j j jjj j jjj
a. 1/10 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
b. 1/100 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
ANS: j j j C
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj
1. BERT doesnot imply radiation risk; it is simply ameans for comparison.
jjj j jjj jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj j j j j jjj j
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate partof the environment.
jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj j j j j j j jjj
3. BERT provides ananswerthat is easyfor the patient to comprehend.
jjj jjj j j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj j
a. 1 and 2 only j jjj jjj
b. 1 and 3 only j jjj jjj
c. 2 and 3 only j jjj jjj
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: D jjj
6. Ifa patient asksa radiographer a question about how much radiation he orshe will
j j jjj j j j j j j jjj jjj j jjj j j j jjj j jjj
receive from a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
jjj jjj jjj j j j j j jjj jjj j j j
a. respond byusing anestimation basedonthe comparison ofradiation received jjj j jjj j j j j j j jjj jjj j j j j
from the x-ray to natural background radiation received.
jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j j jjj j j j
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject. jjj j jjj jjj j jjj j
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
d. refuse toanswer the question and recommend that he or she speakw ith the
jjj j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj j j jjj j jjj
referring physician.
jjj j j j
ANS: A jjj
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for allmedical imaging
j jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj j jjj
procedures always follow ALARA?
jjj jjj j j j j j j
a. Sothat referring physicians ordering imaging procedures donot have to
j j j j j j j j jjj jjj jjj j j jjj
accept responsibility for patient radiation safety.
j jjj j j j jjj j j j j j j
b. Sothat radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
j jjj j j j jjj j j j j jjj jjj j jjj j j j
, patient radiation safety. jjj j j j
c. Because radiation-induced cancer doesnot appearto have afixed threshold, that jjj j j j j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj j j j j j j j
is, adose level below which a person would have no chance of developing this
jjj jjj j j j j j jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j
disease. jjj
d. Because radiation-induced cancer does have adoselevel atw hich individuals jjj j jjj j j jjj j j jjj j jjj
would have a chance of developing this disease.
jjj jjj jjj j jjj j j j j jjj
ANS: C jjj
8. The cardinal principles ofradiation protection include which of the following?
jjj jjj j j j j jjj jjj j j j jjj j j
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: D jjj
9. Ina hospital setting, which ofthe following professionals is expressly charged by the
j j jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j
hospital administration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement,
j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
and maintenance of the ALARA program?
jjj jjj j j j j jjj jjj
a. Assistant administrator ofthe facility jjj j j j j jjj
b. Chief of staff jjj j
c. Radiation Safety Officer jjj jjj
d. Student radiologic technologist jjj j j j
ANS: C jjj
10. Why isa question concerning the amount of radiation apatient will receive during
j j j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj jjj
a specific x-ray procedure difficult to answer?
jjj j jjj jjj j j j j j j jjj
1. Because the received doseis specified in anumber of different units of measure. jjj jjj jjj j jjj j j j jjj j jjj j j j j jjj j
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose arenormally not comprehensible by jjj jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj j j jjj jjj j j j
a patient.
j j
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose. jjj jjj jjj jjj j jjj j jjj j jjj
a. 1 and 2 only j jjj jjj
b. 1 and 3 only j jjj jjj
c. 2 and 3 only j jjj jjj
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: A jjj
11. X-rays are a form of w hich of the following kinds of radiation?
j j j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj jjj j
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B jjj
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j
a. Coulomb perkilogram jjj j
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A jjj
13. What organization w as founded in 2007 that continues their p ursuit to raise awareness of the
jj jj jjj j jj jj j jjj jjj jjj jj j jj jj j jjj jjj jjj
need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used
jjj jjj jjj jj j j jjj j j jjj j jjj jj j j jj
for both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
jjj jjj j j j j jjj j j j jjj j
a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration j j jjj jjj
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
j j jjj jjj
, TABLE OF CONTENT j jjj
Chapter1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
j jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types,Sources, and Doses Received
jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj
Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter4. Radiation Quantitiesand Units Chapter
j jjj jjj j jjj jjj
5. Radiation Monitoring
jjj jjj jjj
Chapter 6. Overviewof Cell Biology
jjj jjj j jjj jjj
Chapter7. Molecularand CellularRadiation Biology
j jjj j jj j j jjj
Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter9. Stochastic Effectsand Late Tissue Reactionsof Radiation in Organ
jjj j jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj
Systems
jjj
Chapter10. Dose Limitsfor Exposureto Ionizing Radiation
j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj jjj
Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
Chapter12. ManagementofPatientRadiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray
j jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj
Procedures
jjj
Chapter13. Radiation Safetyin ComputedT omographyand Mammography
j jjj jjj j jjj j j jjj
Chapter 14. Managementof Imaging PersonnelRadiation Dose During
jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj j jjj jjj
Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures
jjj jjj jjj
Chapter15. Radioisotopesand Radiation Protection
j jjj j jjj jjj
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection j j j jjj j j j jj j j j j
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography,j j j j j j jjj jjj j j j j j j 9th j j j Edition
MULTIPLE j j j CHOICE
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include jjj j jjj j jjj jjj
1. creation ofunstable atoms. jjj j jjj
2. production of free electrons. jjj j jjj
3. creation ofhighly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable
jjj j jjj jjj jjj j j j j j jjj
ofproducing substances poisonous to the cell.
jjj j jjj j j j j j j jjj jjj
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
jjj j j j j j j j j jjj j j jjj
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j jjj j jjj jjj j jjj j
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. jjj jjj jjj jjj
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only j jjj jjj jjj jjj
b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only j jjj jjj jjj jjj
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only j jjj jjj jjj jjj
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: j j j D
,2. Which ofthe following is a form ofradiation that is capable of creating electrically
jjj j jjj jjj jjj j jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj j jjj
charged particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter
jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j jjj
through which it passes?
jjj jjj jjj jjj
a. Ionizing radiation j j j
b. Nonionizing radiation jjj
c. Subatomic radiation jjj
d. Ultrasonic radiation jjj
ANS: j j j A
3. Regarding exposure toionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the
jjj jjj j jjj j j j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj
medical benefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
j jjj j j j jjj j j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj
a. assume asmall chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation jjj j jjj jjj j j j j jjj j jjj jjj j
phobia they may have.
jjj jjj jjj jjj
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not w illing to assume a
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j jjj j jjj
small chance of biologic damage.
j jjj jjj jjj j j j
c. suppress anyradiation phobia butnot risk a small chance ofpossible jjj j jjj jjj j j jjj j jjj jjj j
biologic damage.
jjj jjj
d. suppress anyradiation phobia and be w illing to assume a small chance jjj j jjj jjj j j jjj j jjj j jjj
ofpossible biologic damage.
jjj j jjj j j j
ANS: j j j D
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
jjj j j j jjj j jjj
a. 1/10 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
b. 1/100 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. jjj jjj jjj
ANS: j j j C
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj
1. BERT doesnot imply radiation risk; it is simply ameans for comparison.
jjj j jjj jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj j j j j jjj j
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate partof the environment.
jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj j j j j j j jjj
3. BERT provides ananswerthat is easyfor the patient to comprehend.
jjj jjj j j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj j
a. 1 and 2 only j jjj jjj
b. 1 and 3 only j jjj jjj
c. 2 and 3 only j jjj jjj
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: D jjj
6. Ifa patient asksa radiographer a question about how much radiation he orshe will
j j jjj j j j j j j jjj jjj j jjj j j j jjj j jjj
receive from a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
jjj jjj jjj j j j j j jjj jjj j j j
a. respond byusing anestimation basedonthe comparison ofradiation received jjj j jjj j j j j j j jjj jjj j j j j
from the x-ray to natural background radiation received.
jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j j jjj j j j
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject. jjj j jjj jjj j jjj j
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
d. refuse toanswer the question and recommend that he or she speakw ith the
jjj j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj j j jjj j jjj
referring physician.
jjj j j j
ANS: A jjj
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for allmedical imaging
j jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj j jjj
procedures always follow ALARA?
jjj jjj j j j j j j
a. Sothat referring physicians ordering imaging procedures donot have to
j j j j j j j j jjj jjj jjj j j jjj
accept responsibility for patient radiation safety.
j jjj j j j jjj j j j j j j
b. Sothat radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
j jjj j j j jjj j j j j jjj jjj j jjj j j j
, patient radiation safety. jjj j j j
c. Because radiation-induced cancer doesnot appearto have afixed threshold, that jjj j j j j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj j j j j j j j
is, adose level below which a person would have no chance of developing this
jjj jjj j j j j j jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j
disease. jjj
d. Because radiation-induced cancer does have adoselevel atw hich individuals jjj j jjj j j jjj j j jjj j jjj
would have a chance of developing this disease.
jjj jjj jjj j jjj j j j j jjj
ANS: C jjj
8. The cardinal principles ofradiation protection include which of the following?
jjj jjj j j j j jjj jjj j j j jjj j j
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: D jjj
9. Ina hospital setting, which ofthe following professionals is expressly charged by the
j j jjj jjj jjj j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j
hospital administration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement,
j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj
and maintenance of the ALARA program?
jjj jjj j j j j jjj jjj
a. Assistant administrator ofthe facility jjj j j j j jjj
b. Chief of staff jjj j
c. Radiation Safety Officer jjj jjj
d. Student radiologic technologist jjj j j j
ANS: C jjj
10. Why isa question concerning the amount of radiation apatient will receive during
j j j jjj jjj j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj jjj
a specific x-ray procedure difficult to answer?
jjj j jjj jjj j j j j j j jjj
1. Because the received doseis specified in anumber of different units of measure. jjj jjj jjj j jjj j j j jjj j jjj j j j j jjj j
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose arenormally not comprehensible by jjj jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj j j jjj jjj j j j
a patient.
j j
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose. jjj jjj jjj jjj j jjj j jjj j jjj
a. 1 and 2 only j jjj jjj
b. 1 and 3 only j jjj jjj
c. 2 and 3 only j jjj jjj
d. All the options jjj jjj
ANS: A jjj
11. X-rays are a form of w hich of the following kinds of radiation?
j j j jjj j jjj j jjj jjj jjj j
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B jjj
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j j j jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj jjj j
a. Coulomb perkilogram jjj j
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A jjj
13. What organization w as founded in 2007 that continues their p ursuit to raise awareness of the
jj jj jjj j jj jj j jjj jjj jjj jj j jj jj j jjj jjj jjj
need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used
jjj jjj jjj jj j j jjj j j jjj j jjj jj j j jj
for both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
jjj jjj j j j j jjj j j j jjj j
a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration j j jjj jjj
