ECPI Anatomy/Physiology 1 + lab UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers

ECPI Anatomy/Physiology 1 + lab
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Origins of Medical science - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.) Started with superstition and magic
2.) Originated in Greek & Latin terminology


Scientific Method - CORRECT ANSWER - "Investigating the Natural World"



Testing a Hypothesis = - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.) Rejecting or Accepting the hypothesis
2.) Based on results of experiment and observations


Anatomy + Physiology = ? - CORRECT ANSWER - How the body maintains life



Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER - "cutting up"
1. structures of the body
2. Forms/ organization


Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER - "relationship to nature"
1. functions of the body
2. What do they do and how?


Gene Expression Profiling - CORRECT ANSWER - Reveals commonalities among pairs of
diseases that had not been suspected based on whole-body-level observations


Chemical Organization - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.Atoms
2. Molecules

,Subatomic Particles - CORRECT ANSWER - Make up atoms



Molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - Where atoms join together



Macromolecules - CORRECT ANSWER - Small molecules join together to make larger
molecules


Human Organism Organization smallest-largest - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Subatomc
particles
2. atoms
3. molecules
4. macromolecules
5. organelles
6. cells
7. tissues
8. organs
9. organ systems
10. organisms


Cells - CORRECT ANSWER - basic unit



Organelles - CORRECT ANSWER - carry on specific activities
e. proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids


tissues - CORRECT ANSWER - layers/masses of cells with special functions



Organs - CORRECT ANSWER - groups of tissues with specific functions

,organs systems - CORRECT ANSWER - groups of organs that function close together



organisms - CORRECT ANSWER - interacting organ systems



Internal environment - CORRECT ANSWER - environment within the body in which the
cells live


Cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - interior and exterior cell membranes



Interior cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - intracellular fluid



exterior cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - extracellular fluid



homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER - the maintenance of a relatively constant internal
environment


Interdependency of cells - CORRECT ANSWER - -cells depend on one another
-if some cells arent able to function, other cells and the entire organism may suffer
-structure and function are interrelated


Gradients & Permeability - CORRECT ANSWER - down a gradient (High to Low)
high pressure to low pressure
high concentration to low concentration


Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - high concentration to low concentration (concentration
gradient)

, membrane permeability - CORRECT ANSWER - what is allowed in to the membrane or not



Permeant - CORRECT ANSWER - substance can pass through



Cellular differentiation - CORRECT ANSWER - cells become specialized
-different cell types (muscle/nerve) access information encoded in different genes to make
specific proteins
-proteins that cells make determine the function


Cell membrane mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER - -determines which substances enter a
cell and which cannot
-allow cells to respond to certain signals


Cell to cell communication - CORRECT ANSWER - membrane receptors / feedback loops



Feedback loops - CORRECT ANSWER - -negative or positive
-cells signal each other when the internal environment has been compromised so adjustments can
be made to keep homeostasis
-when adjustments have been made, they also signal to show the adjustments are no longer
needed.


Homeostatic Mechanisms = - CORRECT ANSWER - feedback loops
-receptors
-control center
-effectors


Balance within the body - CORRECT ANSWER - must replace substances that are lost and
eliminate substances that are no longer needed or in excess