1|Page
UNDERSTANDING
th
PATHOPHYSIOLO GY 7
EDITION TEST BANK
VERIFIED ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES GRADED
A+ GUARANTEED PASS
2023-
2024.
,2|Page
Chapter 1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
A 25-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex. Which
finding would the nurse expect to see in the lab results?
a. Decreased blood volume
b. Decreased blood K+ levels
c. Increased urine Na+ levels
d. Increased white blood cells
ANS: B
Aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal cortex. It promotes renal sodium and water
reabsorption and excretion of potassium, leading to decreased potassium levels.
Blood volume actually increases with aldosterone secretion.
Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption, leading to normal or decreased Na+ levels.
Aldosterone is not associated with white blood cells.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 103
13. A patient has been searching on the Internet about natriuretic hormones. When the
patient asks the nurse what do these hormones do, how should the nurse respond? Natriuretic
hormones affect the balance of:
a. Calcium
b. Sodium
c. Magnesium
d. Potassium
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ANS: B
Natriuretic hormones are sometimes called a third factor in sodium regulation.
Natriuretic hormones are a factor in sodium balance, not calcium.
Natriuretic hormones are a factor in sodium balance, not magnesium.
Natriuretic hormones are a factor in sodium balance, not potassium.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 103
14. A 5-year-old male presents to the ER with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing him
with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The nurse
administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be expected?
a. Symptoms subside quickly
b. Increased ICF volume
c. Decreased ECF volume
d. Intracellular dehydration
ANS: D
A hypertonic solution would cause fluid to move into the extracellular space, leading to
intracellular dehydration.
With this solution, his symptoms will not subside quickly because his cells will lose fluid. His
intracellular volume will decrease, not increase.
His extracellular volume will increase, not decrease.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 106
15. Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia? A patient
with:
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a. Vomiting
b. Diuretic use
c. Dehydration
d. Hypoaldosteronism
ANS: C
Dehydration leads to hypernatremia because an increase in sodium occurs with a net loss in
water.
Vomiting leads to hyponatremia.
Diuretic use would lead to sodium loss.
Hypoaldosteronism leads to hyponatremia.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 106
16. The most common cause of pure water deficit is:
a. Renal water loss
b. Hyperventilation
c. Sodium loss
d. Insufficient water intake
ANS: A
The most common cause of water loss is increased renal clearance of free water as a result of
impaired tubular function.
Hyperventilation can cause water loss, but it is not the most common cause.
Sodium loss leads to hyponatremia, not pure water deficit.
Insufficient water intake causes hypernatremia, not water deficit.
UNDERSTANDING
th
PATHOPHYSIOLO GY 7
EDITION TEST BANK
VERIFIED ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED
RATIONALES GRADED
A+ GUARANTEED PASS
2023-
2024.
,2|Page
Chapter 1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
A 25-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex. Which
finding would the nurse expect to see in the lab results?
a. Decreased blood volume
b. Decreased blood K+ levels
c. Increased urine Na+ levels
d. Increased white blood cells
ANS: B
Aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal cortex. It promotes renal sodium and water
reabsorption and excretion of potassium, leading to decreased potassium levels.
Blood volume actually increases with aldosterone secretion.
Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption, leading to normal or decreased Na+ levels.
Aldosterone is not associated with white blood cells.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 103
13. A patient has been searching on the Internet about natriuretic hormones. When the
patient asks the nurse what do these hormones do, how should the nurse respond? Natriuretic
hormones affect the balance of:
a. Calcium
b. Sodium
c. Magnesium
d. Potassium
,3|Page
ANS: B
Natriuretic hormones are sometimes called a third factor in sodium regulation.
Natriuretic hormones are a factor in sodium balance, not calcium.
Natriuretic hormones are a factor in sodium balance, not magnesium.
Natriuretic hormones are a factor in sodium balance, not potassium.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 103
14. A 5-year-old male presents to the ER with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing him
with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The nurse
administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be expected?
a. Symptoms subside quickly
b. Increased ICF volume
c. Decreased ECF volume
d. Intracellular dehydration
ANS: D
A hypertonic solution would cause fluid to move into the extracellular space, leading to
intracellular dehydration.
With this solution, his symptoms will not subside quickly because his cells will lose fluid. His
intracellular volume will decrease, not increase.
His extracellular volume will increase, not decrease.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 106
15. Which of the following patients is the most at risk for developing hypernatremia? A patient
with:
, 4|Page
a. Vomiting
b. Diuretic use
c. Dehydration
d. Hypoaldosteronism
ANS: C
Dehydration leads to hypernatremia because an increase in sodium occurs with a net loss in
water.
Vomiting leads to hyponatremia.
Diuretic use would lead to sodium loss.
Hypoaldosteronism leads to hyponatremia.
Cognitive Level: Comprehension 106
16. The most common cause of pure water deficit is:
a. Renal water loss
b. Hyperventilation
c. Sodium loss
d. Insufficient water intake
ANS: A
The most common cause of water loss is increased renal clearance of free water as a result of
impaired tubular function.
Hyperventilation can cause water loss, but it is not the most common cause.
Sodium loss leads to hyponatremia, not pure water deficit.
Insufficient water intake causes hypernatremia, not water deficit.
