2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
During a clinic visit, a client reports to
the practical nurse (PN) that they felt a
solid mass in their breast during self-ex-
amination, but it was not painful. What
instruction should the PN reinforce with
c. Schedule an appointment with the
the client?
health care provider for evaluation.
A. Continue to monitor the mass until the
A painless breast mass is an abnormal
next scheduled annual exam.
finding, and the PN should instruct the
B. Notify the PCP if the mass becomes
client to obtain prompt medical evalua-
soft or painful or starts to drain.
tion.
C. Schedule an appointment with the
PCP for evaluation
D. Breast masses are usually insignifi-
cant if they feel soft or are easily move-
able.
The health care provider informed a
client diagnosed with stage 4 liver cancer
that the cancer has spread to their spine.
The client states to the practical nurse, c. Ask the client to explain his under-
"I have a cancer, but it is not malignant." standing of the term malignancy.
What is the best initial nursing action?
The best initial action is to assess the
A. Encourage the client to attend a can- client's knowledge of the term malignan-
cer education program cy when used to describe cancer. The
B. Perform a complete history and phys- client appears to have inaccurate knowl-
ical assessment edge. Stage 4 cancer means the cancer
C. Ask the client to explain his under- has spread (metastasized) from where it
standing of the term malignancy. has started to another body part.
D. Offer the client emotional support to
deal with the diagnosis
Submit
A client diagnosed with osteoarthritis.
Which intervention should the practical d. Instruct the client to take an analgesic
nurse implement to help relieve joint pain before walking daily.
and stiffness?
, 2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
a. Encourage the client to perform
weight-bearing exercises. Adequate pain management is important
b. Teach the client how to perform for the success of an exercise program.
range-of-motion exercises. Keeping the joints active decreases pain,
c. Explain the use of ice and massage for so taking an analgesic and walking daily
pain relief. is likely to help decrease joint pain and
d. Instruct the client to take an analgesic stiffness.
before walking daily
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions.
A client diagnosed with prostate cancer
is prescribed radioactive seed implanta-
Clients being treated for prostate cancer
tion (brachytherapy). What is the most
with brachytherapy (radioactive seeds
important nursing action for the practical
implant) should be placed on radiation
nurse (PN) to do?
exposure precautions. The PN needs to
follow the institution's protocols put in
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions
place regarding the amount of time and
b. Encourage regular meals
distance needed to prevent excessive
c. Collect all urine in sealed containers
exposure that would pose a hazard to
d. Avoid touching the client.
others.
A client diagnosed with emphysema that
is oxygen-dependent lives alone at home
and manages self-care with no difficulty.
Which finding should prompt the home b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the last
health practical nurse to consult the reg- monthly home visit
istered nurse case manager?
A weight loss of 5 pounds in 1 month is
a. A pulse oximetry reading of 91% on a concern. Clients with COPD need addi-
oxygen at 2 L/m tional calorie intake because they are us-
b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the ing up a lot from the energy they are us-
last monthly home visit ing to breath. The practical nurse needs
c. The client reports feeling as tired as at to consult with the registered nurse case
the last visit by the nurse manager for a nutrition consult
d. Upon entering the home, the PN no-
ticed dirty dishes and clothing scattered
around the home.
The nurse has reinforced instructions to
a client with diabetes mellitus on how
, 2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
to self-monitor for symptoms of diabetic
a. Fruity breath odor
ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse realizes
b. Rapid, weak pulse
the instructions have been effective if the
d. Extreme thirst
client can list which symptoms? (Select
e. Urinary frequency
all that apply.)
Diabetic ketoacidosis is caused by a pro-
a. Fruity breath odor
found deficiency of insulin. Some com-
b. Rapid, weak pulse
mon characteristics include a sweet,
c. Cold, clammy skin
fruity breath odor, a rapid weak pulse,
d. Extreme thirst
extreme thirst, urinary frequency, and
e. Urinary frequency
sunken-appearing eyeballs.
f. Protruding eyeballs
A client mentions using garlic daily as an
herb to lower cholesterol and triglyceride
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
levels. Which nursing action is a priority?
Garlic inhibits platelet aggregation in the
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
same way that aspirin works, and the
b. Instruct the client that garlic tends to
client should be monitored for bleeding.
cause hypertension.
Garlic can lower the blood pressure, not
c. This may relieve fever in the same way
raise it. It does not relieve fever. While the
that acetaminophen does.
client will likely want to avoid garlic odor,
d. Remind the patient to use tooth brush-
it is not a priority.
ing and mouthwash to prevent garlic
odor.
a. Tobacco use
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing b. Excessive intake of alcohol
the health histories of assigned clients. d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Which factors have a potential for devel- Rationale:
opment of throat cancer? (Select all that The most common risk factors for throat
apply.) cancer are tobacco use, alcohol abuse,
a. Tobacco use human papillomavirus (HPV), a diet lack-
b. Excessive intake of alcohol ing in fruits and vegetable, and gas-
c. Intake of hot and spicy foods troesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV) Foods seasoned with herbs and spices
e. Lack of exercise have shown to have some health bene-
f. Lack of dietary fiber fits in decreasing the risk of developing
cancer.
, 2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
A client has undergone craniotomy to
remove a brain tumor. The client spent
several days in the intensive care unit,
and is now on the post-surgical unit. The
nurse has urgently contact the surgeon b. The client became more confused than
to report signs of increasing intracranial he was upon transfer to the post-surgical
pressure (ICP). Which was the most like- unit.
ly EARLY sign that the client was experi- Rationale:
encing increased ICP? A change in the level of consciousness
a. The client's blood pressure dropped is most likely the earliest symptom of
from 128/70 to 124/68, preoperative BP increased ICP. Vital sign changes can
122/72 also occur, with a widening pulse pres-
b. The client became more confused sure and bradycardia. Neither of these
than he was upon transfer to the are indicated by data in the options. San-
post-surgical unit. guineous drainage does not indicate in-
c. The client had a large amount of san- creased ICP.
guineous drainage noted on the gauze
dressings.
d. The client's pulse rate had increased
from 70 to 82 beats/min.
The home health practical nurse is visit-
ing with a client who has a history of sec-
ond-degree heart block and pacemaker d. Feelings of dizziness
placement 6 months ago. Which symp- Rationale:
tom compliant by the client would be in- Feelings of dizziness may occur as the
dicative of pacemaker failure? result of a decreased heart rate, leading
a. Facial flushing to decreased cardiac output as a result
b. Nausea of pacemaker failure.
c. Pounding headache
d. Feelings of dizziness
b. Shake the inhaler.
Which actions demonstrate to the prac- c. Attach the canister of medication to the
tical nurse that the client understands mouthpiece.
the correct procedure administration of a e. Use a spacer attachment and place
metered dose inhaler (MDI)? (Select all the mouthpiece in the mouth.
that apply.) f. Close the lips around the mouthpiece.
g. After inhaling the medication, hold the
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
During a clinic visit, a client reports to
the practical nurse (PN) that they felt a
solid mass in their breast during self-ex-
amination, but it was not painful. What
instruction should the PN reinforce with
c. Schedule an appointment with the
the client?
health care provider for evaluation.
A. Continue to monitor the mass until the
A painless breast mass is an abnormal
next scheduled annual exam.
finding, and the PN should instruct the
B. Notify the PCP if the mass becomes
client to obtain prompt medical evalua-
soft or painful or starts to drain.
tion.
C. Schedule an appointment with the
PCP for evaluation
D. Breast masses are usually insignifi-
cant if they feel soft or are easily move-
able.
The health care provider informed a
client diagnosed with stage 4 liver cancer
that the cancer has spread to their spine.
The client states to the practical nurse, c. Ask the client to explain his under-
"I have a cancer, but it is not malignant." standing of the term malignancy.
What is the best initial nursing action?
The best initial action is to assess the
A. Encourage the client to attend a can- client's knowledge of the term malignan-
cer education program cy when used to describe cancer. The
B. Perform a complete history and phys- client appears to have inaccurate knowl-
ical assessment edge. Stage 4 cancer means the cancer
C. Ask the client to explain his under- has spread (metastasized) from where it
standing of the term malignancy. has started to another body part.
D. Offer the client emotional support to
deal with the diagnosis
Submit
A client diagnosed with osteoarthritis.
Which intervention should the practical d. Instruct the client to take an analgesic
nurse implement to help relieve joint pain before walking daily.
and stiffness?
, 2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
a. Encourage the client to perform
weight-bearing exercises. Adequate pain management is important
b. Teach the client how to perform for the success of an exercise program.
range-of-motion exercises. Keeping the joints active decreases pain,
c. Explain the use of ice and massage for so taking an analgesic and walking daily
pain relief. is likely to help decrease joint pain and
d. Instruct the client to take an analgesic stiffness.
before walking daily
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions.
A client diagnosed with prostate cancer
is prescribed radioactive seed implanta-
Clients being treated for prostate cancer
tion (brachytherapy). What is the most
with brachytherapy (radioactive seeds
important nursing action for the practical
implant) should be placed on radiation
nurse (PN) to do?
exposure precautions. The PN needs to
follow the institution's protocols put in
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions
place regarding the amount of time and
b. Encourage regular meals
distance needed to prevent excessive
c. Collect all urine in sealed containers
exposure that would pose a hazard to
d. Avoid touching the client.
others.
A client diagnosed with emphysema that
is oxygen-dependent lives alone at home
and manages self-care with no difficulty.
Which finding should prompt the home b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the last
health practical nurse to consult the reg- monthly home visit
istered nurse case manager?
A weight loss of 5 pounds in 1 month is
a. A pulse oximetry reading of 91% on a concern. Clients with COPD need addi-
oxygen at 2 L/m tional calorie intake because they are us-
b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the ing up a lot from the energy they are us-
last monthly home visit ing to breath. The practical nurse needs
c. The client reports feeling as tired as at to consult with the registered nurse case
the last visit by the nurse manager for a nutrition consult
d. Upon entering the home, the PN no-
ticed dirty dishes and clothing scattered
around the home.
The nurse has reinforced instructions to
a client with diabetes mellitus on how
, 2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
to self-monitor for symptoms of diabetic
a. Fruity breath odor
ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse realizes
b. Rapid, weak pulse
the instructions have been effective if the
d. Extreme thirst
client can list which symptoms? (Select
e. Urinary frequency
all that apply.)
Diabetic ketoacidosis is caused by a pro-
a. Fruity breath odor
found deficiency of insulin. Some com-
b. Rapid, weak pulse
mon characteristics include a sweet,
c. Cold, clammy skin
fruity breath odor, a rapid weak pulse,
d. Extreme thirst
extreme thirst, urinary frequency, and
e. Urinary frequency
sunken-appearing eyeballs.
f. Protruding eyeballs
A client mentions using garlic daily as an
herb to lower cholesterol and triglyceride
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
levels. Which nursing action is a priority?
Garlic inhibits platelet aggregation in the
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
same way that aspirin works, and the
b. Instruct the client that garlic tends to
client should be monitored for bleeding.
cause hypertension.
Garlic can lower the blood pressure, not
c. This may relieve fever in the same way
raise it. It does not relieve fever. While the
that acetaminophen does.
client will likely want to avoid garlic odor,
d. Remind the patient to use tooth brush-
it is not a priority.
ing and mouthwash to prevent garlic
odor.
a. Tobacco use
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing b. Excessive intake of alcohol
the health histories of assigned clients. d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Which factors have a potential for devel- Rationale:
opment of throat cancer? (Select all that The most common risk factors for throat
apply.) cancer are tobacco use, alcohol abuse,
a. Tobacco use human papillomavirus (HPV), a diet lack-
b. Excessive intake of alcohol ing in fruits and vegetable, and gas-
c. Intake of hot and spicy foods troesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV) Foods seasoned with herbs and spices
e. Lack of exercise have shown to have some health bene-
f. Lack of dietary fiber fits in decreasing the risk of developing
cancer.
, 2024 HESI PN MED SURGE /MED SURGE PN HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BA
NEWEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DE
TAILED ANSWERS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fmdgnc
A client has undergone craniotomy to
remove a brain tumor. The client spent
several days in the intensive care unit,
and is now on the post-surgical unit. The
nurse has urgently contact the surgeon b. The client became more confused than
to report signs of increasing intracranial he was upon transfer to the post-surgical
pressure (ICP). Which was the most like- unit.
ly EARLY sign that the client was experi- Rationale:
encing increased ICP? A change in the level of consciousness
a. The client's blood pressure dropped is most likely the earliest symptom of
from 128/70 to 124/68, preoperative BP increased ICP. Vital sign changes can
122/72 also occur, with a widening pulse pres-
b. The client became more confused sure and bradycardia. Neither of these
than he was upon transfer to the are indicated by data in the options. San-
post-surgical unit. guineous drainage does not indicate in-
c. The client had a large amount of san- creased ICP.
guineous drainage noted on the gauze
dressings.
d. The client's pulse rate had increased
from 70 to 82 beats/min.
The home health practical nurse is visit-
ing with a client who has a history of sec-
ond-degree heart block and pacemaker d. Feelings of dizziness
placement 6 months ago. Which symp- Rationale:
tom compliant by the client would be in- Feelings of dizziness may occur as the
dicative of pacemaker failure? result of a decreased heart rate, leading
a. Facial flushing to decreased cardiac output as a result
b. Nausea of pacemaker failure.
c. Pounding headache
d. Feelings of dizziness
b. Shake the inhaler.
Which actions demonstrate to the prac- c. Attach the canister of medication to the
tical nurse that the client understands mouthpiece.
the correct procedure administration of a e. Use a spacer attachment and place
metered dose inhaler (MDI)? (Select all the mouthpiece in the mouth.
that apply.) f. Close the lips around the mouthpiece.
g. After inhaling the medication, hold the
