HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
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An initial disturbance in a system sets
off a chain of events that does not fa-
vor stability and often abruptly displaces
a system from its steady state: what is
that? a. positive feedback
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
What organ shrinks with age?
a. Prostate
b. Gums b. gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above
Which of the following is true?
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate
than an adult
b. The elderly have better temperature
d. there is less thirst perception in the
sensations
elderly
c. There are more sweat glands in an
elderly person
d. There is less thirst perception in the
elderly
Which of the following is true?
a. Women snore more than men
b. Men have higher calcium levels
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than
men
men
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than
women
An increase in normal adaptive response
to the decreased availability of oxygen at
high altitude is termed which? b. Acclimatization
a. Circadian
b. Acclimatization
, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
c. Population
d. Diurnal
What does it mean when the cause of the
disease is unwanted medical treatment?
a. Idiopathic
d. Iatrogenic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
d. Iatrogenic
Which term is used for the first two
months of life?
a. Infancy
d. Neonatal
b. Childhood
c. Prenatal
d. Neonatal
Which is an objectively identifiable aber-
ration of the disease?
a. Symptom
d. Sign
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
Which of the following is true regarding
catecholamines?
a. They are from the parasympathetic
nervous system c. They include epinephrine and norepi-
b. They cross the blood brain barrier nephrine
c. They include epinephrine and norepi-
nephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
Which of the following is a true state-
ment?
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important
b. Endorphins increase with stress, re-
for blood volume regulation
sulting in a decrease in pain perception
b. Endorphins increase with stress, re-
sulting in a decrease in pain perception
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very dif-
, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
ferently
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
By what mechanism do lipid molecules
cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a mem-
brane transport system
b. They are transported across the plas- d. They cross by diffusion
ma membrane by endocytosis and exo-
cytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
Which of the following metabolic
processes is a component of anabolic
metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
Which of the following electrochemical
mechanism is responsible for maintain-
ing cell volume?
a. The calcium pump
c. The sodium-potassium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) trans-
porters
Cellular hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
A 75 yo woman develops weakness in
her lower extremities after a prolonged
period of bed rest. This is most likely a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
caused by:
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
Which of the following types of cellu-
lar adaption is most likely to occur from
chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy c. Atrophy
b. Metaplasia
c. Atrophy
d. Hyperplasia
What is the mechanism of cellular injury
that occurs when deep sea divers get
'the bends'?
a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical
bonds which destroy the cellular mem-
branes
d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, block-
b. Carbon monoxide binds tightly to he-
ing circulation and resulting in ischemia
moglobin, preventing the RBCs from car-
rying O2
c. Intracellular calcium accumlation cre-
ate muscle tetany
d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, block-
ing circulation and resulting in ischemia
Which type of cellular adaption would
create the greatest concern if found on
a biopsy report?
a. Dysplasia a. Dysplasia
b. Metaplasia
c. Hyperplasia
d. Atrophy
Which of the following is the process by
which mRNA is synthesized from single
stranded DNA? d. Transcription
a. Sense stranding
b. Replication
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
An initial disturbance in a system sets
off a chain of events that does not fa-
vor stability and often abruptly displaces
a system from its steady state: what is
that? a. positive feedback
a. Positive Feedback
b. Negative Feedback
c. Disease
d. Homeostasis
What organ shrinks with age?
a. Prostate
b. Gums b. gums
c. Heart
d. All of the above
Which of the following is true?
a. An infant will have a slower heart rate
than an adult
b. The elderly have better temperature
d. there is less thirst perception in the
sensations
elderly
c. There are more sweat glands in an
elderly person
d. There is less thirst perception in the
elderly
Which of the following is true?
a. Women snore more than men
b. Men have higher calcium levels
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than
c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than
men
men
d. Men have a lower creatinine level than
women
An increase in normal adaptive response
to the decreased availability of oxygen at
high altitude is termed which? b. Acclimatization
a. Circadian
b. Acclimatization
, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
c. Population
d. Diurnal
What does it mean when the cause of the
disease is unwanted medical treatment?
a. Idiopathic
d. Iatrogenic
b. Ecogenetic
c. Genotypical
d. Iatrogenic
Which term is used for the first two
months of life?
a. Infancy
d. Neonatal
b. Childhood
c. Prenatal
d. Neonatal
Which is an objectively identifiable aber-
ration of the disease?
a. Symptom
d. Sign
b. Syndrome
c. Stage
d. Sign
Which of the following is true regarding
catecholamines?
a. They are from the parasympathetic
nervous system c. They include epinephrine and norepi-
b. They cross the blood brain barrier nephrine
c. They include epinephrine and norepi-
nephrine
d. They cause of decrease in heart rate
Which of the following is a true state-
ment?
a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important
b. Endorphins increase with stress, re-
for blood volume regulation
sulting in a decrease in pain perception
b. Endorphins increase with stress, re-
sulting in a decrease in pain perception
c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very dif-
, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
ferently
d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity
By what mechanism do lipid molecules
cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a mem-
brane transport system
b. They are transported across the plas- d. They cross by diffusion
ma membrane by endocytosis and exo-
cytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion
Which of the following metabolic
processes is a component of anabolic
metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
Which of the following electrochemical
mechanism is responsible for maintain-
ing cell volume?
a. The calcium pump
c. The sodium-potassium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) trans-
porters
Cellular hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
A 75 yo woman develops weakness in
her lower extremities after a prolonged
period of bed rest. This is most likely a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
caused by:
a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fll6px
b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles
Which of the following types of cellu-
lar adaption is most likely to occur from
chronic ischemia?
a. Hypertrophy c. Atrophy
b. Metaplasia
c. Atrophy
d. Hyperplasia
What is the mechanism of cellular injury
that occurs when deep sea divers get
'the bends'?
a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical
bonds which destroy the cellular mem-
branes
d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, block-
b. Carbon monoxide binds tightly to he-
ing circulation and resulting in ischemia
moglobin, preventing the RBCs from car-
rying O2
c. Intracellular calcium accumlation cre-
ate muscle tetany
d. Gas bubbles from in the blood, block-
ing circulation and resulting in ischemia
Which type of cellular adaption would
create the greatest concern if found on
a biopsy report?
a. Dysplasia a. Dysplasia
b. Metaplasia
c. Hyperplasia
d. Atrophy
Which of the following is the process by
which mRNA is synthesized from single
stranded DNA? d. Transcription
a. Sense stranding
b. Replication
