NBME Anatomy Shelf Exam Latest
Update 2024 | NBME Anatomy Shelf
Actual Exam 2024 Questions and Correct
Answers Rated A+
Where and why are lumbar punctures performed? -ANSWER-Spinal
Block -> Anesthetic (into epidural space)
Spinal Tap -> CSF extraction (into subarachnoid space)W
B/W L3/L4 or L4/L5
NB: Posterior to this is *cauda equina*
Where does a *herniated intervertebral* disk occur? What causes it? -
ANSWER-Occurs b/w L4/L5 or *L5/S1* and C5/C6 or C6/C7
NB: affects lower spinal nerve #
Degeneration of annulus fibrosis followed by *sudden compression* of
nucleus pulposus
What is the difference b/w *retrolisthesis* and *spondylolisthesis*? -
ANSWER-Retro - backwards movement of vertebral bone
Spondylo - forward movement of bone
What is *lordosis*? -ANSWER-exaggerated *L*umbar curvature
What is *kyphosis*? -ANSWER-exaggerated thoracic curvature (can
be seen w/osteoporosis)
,What structures will be affected by a fracture of the *surgical neck*? -
ANSWER-axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
What structures will be affected by a fracture at *midshaft of
humerus*? -ANSWER-radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
What structures will be affected by a fracture at *supracondylar region
of humerus*? -ANSWER-median nerve and brachial artery
What are differences b/w *Colles'* and *Smith's* Fractures? -
ANSWER-Both are distal radial fractures
Smith's - flexion fracture (distal segment anterior)
Colles' - extension fracture (distal segment posterior/dorsal) - incl.
avulced ulnar styloid process
What are the carpal bones? -ANSWER-Some Lovers Try Positions
That They Can't Handle
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate
Hamate
Which carpal bone is most often fractured during a fall (symptoms)? -
ANSWER-Scaphoid
"deep tenderness in anatomical snuff box"
What is a boxer's fracture? -ANSWER-Fracture of necks of
metacarpals
, What are the 4 muscles of the *rotator cuff*? -ANSWER-
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
What *innervate* the four muscles of the rotator cuff? -ANSWER-
Suprascapular N.
Suprascapular N.
Axillary N.
Upper/Lower Subscapular N.
What muscle (+ nerve) initiates abduction of upper limb? -ANSWER-
0°-15° by *supraspinatus* (suprascapular nerve)
What muscle (+ nerve) allow for abduction b/w 15° - 110°? -ANSWER-
*deltoid* (axillary nerve)
What muscle (+ nerve) allow for abduction above horizontal position?
-ANSWER-*trapezius* (CN XI) and *serratus anterior* (Long Thoracic
N.)
What is tennis elbow? -ANSWER-AKA lateral epicondylitis; painful
inflammation of common extensor tendon -> lateral epicondyle
What is golfer's elbow -ANSWER-AKA medial epicondylitis;
inflammation of common *flexor* tendon
What are the arterial anastomoses around the scapula? -ANSWER-
Problem: blockage of subclavian or axillary a.
Update 2024 | NBME Anatomy Shelf
Actual Exam 2024 Questions and Correct
Answers Rated A+
Where and why are lumbar punctures performed? -ANSWER-Spinal
Block -> Anesthetic (into epidural space)
Spinal Tap -> CSF extraction (into subarachnoid space)W
B/W L3/L4 or L4/L5
NB: Posterior to this is *cauda equina*
Where does a *herniated intervertebral* disk occur? What causes it? -
ANSWER-Occurs b/w L4/L5 or *L5/S1* and C5/C6 or C6/C7
NB: affects lower spinal nerve #
Degeneration of annulus fibrosis followed by *sudden compression* of
nucleus pulposus
What is the difference b/w *retrolisthesis* and *spondylolisthesis*? -
ANSWER-Retro - backwards movement of vertebral bone
Spondylo - forward movement of bone
What is *lordosis*? -ANSWER-exaggerated *L*umbar curvature
What is *kyphosis*? -ANSWER-exaggerated thoracic curvature (can
be seen w/osteoporosis)
,What structures will be affected by a fracture of the *surgical neck*? -
ANSWER-axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery
What structures will be affected by a fracture at *midshaft of
humerus*? -ANSWER-radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
What structures will be affected by a fracture at *supracondylar region
of humerus*? -ANSWER-median nerve and brachial artery
What are differences b/w *Colles'* and *Smith's* Fractures? -
ANSWER-Both are distal radial fractures
Smith's - flexion fracture (distal segment anterior)
Colles' - extension fracture (distal segment posterior/dorsal) - incl.
avulced ulnar styloid process
What are the carpal bones? -ANSWER-Some Lovers Try Positions
That They Can't Handle
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate
Hamate
Which carpal bone is most often fractured during a fall (symptoms)? -
ANSWER-Scaphoid
"deep tenderness in anatomical snuff box"
What is a boxer's fracture? -ANSWER-Fracture of necks of
metacarpals
, What are the 4 muscles of the *rotator cuff*? -ANSWER-
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
What *innervate* the four muscles of the rotator cuff? -ANSWER-
Suprascapular N.
Suprascapular N.
Axillary N.
Upper/Lower Subscapular N.
What muscle (+ nerve) initiates abduction of upper limb? -ANSWER-
0°-15° by *supraspinatus* (suprascapular nerve)
What muscle (+ nerve) allow for abduction b/w 15° - 110°? -ANSWER-
*deltoid* (axillary nerve)
What muscle (+ nerve) allow for abduction above horizontal position?
-ANSWER-*trapezius* (CN XI) and *serratus anterior* (Long Thoracic
N.)
What is tennis elbow? -ANSWER-AKA lateral epicondylitis; painful
inflammation of common extensor tendon -> lateral epicondyle
What is golfer's elbow -ANSWER-AKA medial epicondylitis;
inflammation of common *flexor* tendon
What are the arterial anastomoses around the scapula? -ANSWER-
Problem: blockage of subclavian or axillary a.
