TEST BANK b
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
B B B B B B B B
8th Edition
b
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
b b b b b
, b c b 2
Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology...................................................................................................................... 4
b b b
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ......................................... 18
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ......................... 31
b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases............................................................................................. 44
b b b b b
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases .................................................... 55
b b b b b b
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ..................................................................................................... 63
b b b b
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing .................................................... 68
b b b b b b b
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity .............................................................................................................. 83
b b b
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation ..................................................................... 95
b b b b b b
Chapter 10: Infection.............................................................................................................................. 108
b b
Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ........................................................................................................... 117
b b b b
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology................................................................................................................... 124
b b b
Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology......................................................................................................... 137
b b b
Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ........................................................................................................... 143
b b b b
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System ...................................................... 148
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function ..................................... 159
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .. 174
b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Junction
b
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders................. 199
b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ............................................................ 206
b b b b b b b
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ............................................................................. 213
b b b b b
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation............................................................................... 222
b b b b b
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition ............................................................................... 234
b b b b b b
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems ................................................ 239
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System ......................................................... 249
b b b b b b b
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ............................................................ 259
b b b b b b b
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections ....................................................................................... 265
b b b b
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................... 273
b b b b b b b b
, b c b 3
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function..................................283
b b b b b
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function ..........................................................293
b b b b
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ...........................................................300
b b b b
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ......................311
b b b b b b b
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function .............................................................................324
b b
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children .........................................................338
b b b b
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System ........................................................346
b b b b b
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ....................................................................................356
b b
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ...............................................................373
b b b b
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems .......................................381
b b b b b b b
Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ..........................................................391
b b b b b
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children .....................................401
b b b b b b b
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ...........................................................409
b b b b b
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function ......................................................................................421
b b
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children .................................................................432
b b b b
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System................................................441
b b b b b
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ........................................................................ 453
b b b b b
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children.................................................... 466
b b b b b b b
Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument ............................................... 475
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children .................................................................. 486
b b b b b b b
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ....................... 494
b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children .................... 502
b b b b b b b b b b
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
b b b b b b b b b b b b b c b
b(8th)
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
b b b
MULTIPLE CHOICE b
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
b b b b b b b b b
a. Cells can produce proteins. b b b
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
b b b b
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
b b b b b b
d. Cells can synthesize fats. b b b
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bsurroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
b b b b b b b b b b b
bmetabolic absorption. b
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering b b
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
b b b b b b b b b b b b
bmost of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bregulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and
b b b b b b b b b b
b energy production. b
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
b b b b b b b b b b b
bfunction as the intracellular digestive system.
b b b b b
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering b b
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen
b b b b b b b b b b b
b to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
b b b b b b b b b b
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
B B B B B B B B
8th Edition
b
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
b b b b b
, b c b 2
Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology...................................................................................................................... 4
b b b
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ......................................... 18
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ......................... 31
b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases............................................................................................. 44
b b b b b
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases .................................................... 55
b b b b b b
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ..................................................................................................... 63
b b b b
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing .................................................... 68
b b b b b b b
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity .............................................................................................................. 83
b b b
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation ..................................................................... 95
b b b b b b
Chapter 10: Infection.............................................................................................................................. 108
b b
Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ........................................................................................................... 117
b b b b
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology................................................................................................................... 124
b b b
Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology......................................................................................................... 137
b b b
Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ........................................................................................................... 143
b b b b
Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System ...................................................... 148
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function ..................................... 159
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function .. 174
b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular
b b b b b b b b b b b b
Junction
b
.................................................................................................................................................................. 188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders................. 199
b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ............................................................ 206
b b b b b b b
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ............................................................................. 213
b b b b b
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation............................................................................... 222
b b b b b
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition ............................................................................... 234
b b b b b b
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems ................................................ 239
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System ......................................................... 249
b b b b b b b
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System ............................................................ 259
b b b b b b b
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections ....................................................................................... 265
b b b b
Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................... 273
b b b b b b b b
, b c b 3
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function..................................283
b b b b b
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function ..........................................................293
b b b b
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ...........................................................300
b b b b
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ......................311
b b b b b b b
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function .............................................................................324
b b
Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children .........................................................338
b b b b
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System ........................................................346
b b b b b
Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ....................................................................................356
b b
Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ...............................................................373
b b b b
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems .......................................381
b b b b b b b
Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ..........................................................391
b b b b b
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children .....................................401
b b b b b b b
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ...........................................................409
b b b b b
Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function ......................................................................................421
b b
Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children .................................................................432
b b b b
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System................................................441
b b b b b
Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ........................................................................ 453
b b b b b
Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children.................................................... 466
b b b b b b b
Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument ............................................... 475
b b b b b b b b
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children .................................................................. 486
b b b b b b b
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ....................... 494
b b b b b b b b b b
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children .................... 502
b b b b b b b b b b
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children
b b b b b b b b b b b b b c b
b(8th)
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
b b b
MULTIPLE CHOICE b
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
b b b b b b b b b
a. Cells can produce proteins. b b b
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
b b b b
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
b b b b b b
d. Cells can synthesize fats. b b b
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bsurroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
b b b b b b b b b b b
bmetabolic absorption. b
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering b b
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
b b b b b b b b b b b b
bmost of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bregulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and
b b b b b b b b b b
b energy production. b
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
b b b b b b b b b b b
bfunction as the intracellular digestive system.
b b b b b
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering b b
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen
b b b b b b b b b b b
b to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
b b b b b b b b b b
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
