HFE Human Factors Engineering- Final
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
Donder's RT - ✔✔• A: 1 stimulus, 1 possible response
• B: 2+ stimuli, 2+ possible responses
• C: 2+ stimuli, 1 stim maps to a response
• Stimulus identification time= C- A
• Response selection time= B - C
Determinants in Donder's RT - ✔✔• Type of stimuli
• Cluttered displays
Stimulus compatibility - ✔✔• Which way do you turn the knob to make the
indicator move to the right?
Population stereotypes - ✔✔• How people expect a control to work based
on past experience
• Which way do you turn the screw?
• 2 aircraft approaching head-on, which way do they turn?
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Learning and Skill acquisition - ✔✔• Practice lowers RT
• Inverse learning curve for skill acquisition
Sometimes operations are better, faster with more keystrokes and greater
meaning, vs. - ✔✔• Fewer keystrokes, vague comments
• Hysteris during performance improvement
Training Programs - ✔✔• Transfer of training: learning new material or
tasks is facilitated to the extent that new and old material is similar with
respect to
o Stimuli
o Responses
o Reinforcement structure
Taxonomy of Pyschomotor Skills - ✔✔• US military project to establish
recruits abilities and training goals
• Factor analysis study
• 11 Psychomotor skill factors
o Control precision—Involving tasks requiring finely controlled muscular
adjustments, such as moving a lever to a precise setting
Some Types of Controls - ✔✔• Discrete vs. Continuous
• Pushbutton vs discrete
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,• If the 2 deimensions of control are depicted as two 1-D displays, then two
1-D controls should be used instead
• Hierarchical controls can reduce the number of dims operating at once,
but they add chances for mode error
Size of Controls - ✔✔• In old days, large size meant that large physical
forces were being moved
Shape - ✔✔• Helps recognition without complete visual attention
• Standard joysticks on airplanes
• Navy underwater series of knobs
• Beer taps on power plant controls
Space of Controls - ✔✔• Total amount of action, or range of action resulting
from the control motion
Resistance - ✔✔• Static resistance- initial counterforce then free operation
• Elastic (spring loaded)-
• Viscous (dampens velocity) - proportional to speed of motion
• Inertial (dampens acceleration or "jack-rabbit starts)
Synthesizer controls - ✔✔Grouped by function primarily
Feedback and Control - ✔✔• -Open loop
• -Closed loop
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, • -Feedback and be positive or negative
Fitts' Law - ✔✔• MT= A + b (2D/W)
• MT= Movement time
• D= Distance to the target
• W = Width of the target
• A and b are regression constants
Fitts' Law assumes a single movement
For multiple submovements, Fitts' law generalizes to - ✔✔o MT= a +
b(D/W) 1/n
o N= number of submovements
Motor Control - ✔✔• Robotic therapy device assists stroke survivors to re-
establish neuromotor pathways
• Comparison of mathematical models for emulating reach-grasp
trajectories
Chaotic Controllers (Types) - ✔✔• Anticipation requires knowledge of
nonlinear functions
• Adding instability forces the system to maximum variability, to which one
applies an appropriate filter
• Periodic entrainment- Force the system to sync to an oscillator
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Solved
Donder's RT - ✔✔• A: 1 stimulus, 1 possible response
• B: 2+ stimuli, 2+ possible responses
• C: 2+ stimuli, 1 stim maps to a response
• Stimulus identification time= C- A
• Response selection time= B - C
Determinants in Donder's RT - ✔✔• Type of stimuli
• Cluttered displays
Stimulus compatibility - ✔✔• Which way do you turn the knob to make the
indicator move to the right?
Population stereotypes - ✔✔• How people expect a control to work based
on past experience
• Which way do you turn the screw?
• 2 aircraft approaching head-on, which way do they turn?
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,Learning and Skill acquisition - ✔✔• Practice lowers RT
• Inverse learning curve for skill acquisition
Sometimes operations are better, faster with more keystrokes and greater
meaning, vs. - ✔✔• Fewer keystrokes, vague comments
• Hysteris during performance improvement
Training Programs - ✔✔• Transfer of training: learning new material or
tasks is facilitated to the extent that new and old material is similar with
respect to
o Stimuli
o Responses
o Reinforcement structure
Taxonomy of Pyschomotor Skills - ✔✔• US military project to establish
recruits abilities and training goals
• Factor analysis study
• 11 Psychomotor skill factors
o Control precision—Involving tasks requiring finely controlled muscular
adjustments, such as moving a lever to a precise setting
Some Types of Controls - ✔✔• Discrete vs. Continuous
• Pushbutton vs discrete
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,• If the 2 deimensions of control are depicted as two 1-D displays, then two
1-D controls should be used instead
• Hierarchical controls can reduce the number of dims operating at once,
but they add chances for mode error
Size of Controls - ✔✔• In old days, large size meant that large physical
forces were being moved
Shape - ✔✔• Helps recognition without complete visual attention
• Standard joysticks on airplanes
• Navy underwater series of knobs
• Beer taps on power plant controls
Space of Controls - ✔✔• Total amount of action, or range of action resulting
from the control motion
Resistance - ✔✔• Static resistance- initial counterforce then free operation
• Elastic (spring loaded)-
• Viscous (dampens velocity) - proportional to speed of motion
• Inertial (dampens acceleration or "jack-rabbit starts)
Synthesizer controls - ✔✔Grouped by function primarily
Feedback and Control - ✔✔• -Open loop
• -Closed loop
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, • -Feedback and be positive or negative
Fitts' Law - ✔✔• MT= A + b (2D/W)
• MT= Movement time
• D= Distance to the target
• W = Width of the target
• A and b are regression constants
Fitts' Law assumes a single movement
For multiple submovements, Fitts' law generalizes to - ✔✔o MT= a +
b(D/W) 1/n
o N= number of submovements
Motor Control - ✔✔• Robotic therapy device assists stroke survivors to re-
establish neuromotor pathways
• Comparison of mathematical models for emulating reach-grasp
trajectories
Chaotic Controllers (Types) - ✔✔• Anticipation requires knowledge of
nonlinear functions
• Adding instability forces the system to maximum variability, to which one
applies an appropriate filter
• Periodic entrainment- Force the system to sync to an oscillator
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
