EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS A NEW UPDATED VERSION LATEST 2024-
2025(VERIFIED ANSWERS) GUARANTEED PASS A+
Enzyme inhibition as a target of drug therapies - ANSWER-a means of preventing
the degradation of neurotransmitters
ligand-gated ion channel - ANSWER-Allosteric modulators can enhance or inhibit
ion channels when in the presence of neurotransmitter
agonist binding to receptor - ANSWER-singal transduction is fully enhanced
antagonist, in the presence of an agonist, can return a channel to resting state
retrograde neurotransmission - ANSWER-the flow of neurotransmitter from
postsynaptic neuron to presynaptic neuron
pharmacodynamics - ANSWER-action of drugs on body
pharmacokinetics - ANSWER-action of body on drugs
,concentration-time curve of medication absorption - ANSWER-Steady-state refers
to the point at which blood level fluctuations are mild and not clinically significant.
volume neurotransmission - ANSWER-the diffusion of neurotransmitter to nearby
neurons
second messengers - ANSWER-intracellular messengers activated by extracellular
messengers
The direct role of transcription factors is to - ANSWER-influence gene expression
buproprion - ANSWER-wellbutrin....SNRI....may have affect for ADHD
comparing desvenlafaxine to venlafaxine - ANSWER-Desvenlafaxine likely no more
efficacious venlafaxine
antidepressant augmentation with atypical antipsychotics - ANSWER-Risks of
atypical antipsychotics (metabolic issues, EPS) should be considered before
prescribing as an augmentation strategy
TRAZODONE - ANSWER-effective hypnotic at low doses
tricyclic antidepressants - ANSWER-They have histaminergic side effects of weight
gain and sedation
, statements about benzodiazepines and GABA receptors is true - ANSWER-
Benzodiazepine binding to GABA receptors increases the frequency of opening of
inhibitory chloride channels
atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of bipolar disorder is true - ANSWER-
Atypical antipsychotics are hypothesized to tune dysfunctional dopamine and
serotonergic circuits in bipolar disorder
benzodiazepines in the treatment of bipolar disorder is true? - ANSWER-
Adjunctive use of benzodiazepines with mood stabilizers is useful for agitation and
insomnia
anticonvulsants in the treatment of bipolar disorder is true - ANSWER-Most
anticonvulsants are believed to work through inhibitory effects on voltage
sensitive ion channels
second line treatment for bipolar - ANSWER-oxcarbazepine
bipolar treatment in depression - ANSWER-Antidepressant use may increase
cycling, including precipitating mania.
amygdala - ANSWER-brain structure plays a central role in the anxiety experience
and has many reciprocal connections throughout the brain
a.. common side effects about antidepressants - ANSWER-DRY MOUTH SEXUAL
DYSFUNCTION DIZZINESS DECREASED OR INCREASED APPETITE DROWSINESS
HEADACHE FATIGUE GI UPSET (NAUSEA)SLEEP DISTURBANCE