Anthro 101 Chivens Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Four Fields of Antrhopology - AnswerCultural, Linguistic, Biological, Archaeological
/.Ethnocentrism - Answerthe error of viewing one's own culture as superior and applying
one's own cultural values in judging people from other cultures
/.Familiarizing Strategies - Answermaking the strange familiar; learning unfamiliar
categories on their own terms; thick and thin descriptions make understanding harder
/.Defamiliarizing Strategies - Answermaking the familiar strange; unsettling what is
taken for granted; give a jolt to deeply ingrained patterns; to enable an ethnographic
descirption
/.Juxtaposition - Answerplacing two things next to each other to see differences; good
way to make culture visible
/.Thin Descriptions - Answersurface level, get past bias, ex:blink with eyes
/.Thick Descriptions - AnswerEventually this becomes a symbol and means more than
the surface level; ex: sexual intent of a wink
/.Universals vs. Particulars - Answerfinding the particular in what appears to some to be
universal; how well do our categories actually transfer over
/.Cultural Particularity - AnswerTrait or feature of culture not generalized of widespread
/.Franz Boas - AnswerPhD in physics, worked in all four fields of anthro; opposed
scientific racism
-argued that cultural forms are the result of local contexts and local histories, not the
result of intrinsic or hierarchical differences between human groups
-"like causes have like effects, but like effects need not have like causes.."
/.Shakespeare in the Bush - Answer-Finding the particular in what appears to be
universal
-British friends say that she cannot understand because she is not British
-Proves by sharing; ex: concepts of the ghosts
/.Bohannan's use of juxtaposition - Answer-form of comparative method to get at this
question
-shows universal is actually culturally specific
-crucial concepts>see limits
/.Bohannan's use of interpretation - Answer-Hamlet: dad died, remarries uncle
-in the other culture this is the best thing that could happen
, /.Bohannan article and Ethnocentrism - Answerone thing all groups have in common
they think their story is right, they think their culture is superior
/.Culture - Answerlearned behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes characteristic of a particular
society or population
/.Culture is learned - AnswerNot inherited or transmitted genetically
/.Enculturation - Answerthe process of learning a culture; learning from experience via
reward/punishment that modifies behavior
/.Cultural Learning - Answerconsciously taught, teaching kids rules parents transmit
culture, observation (watch&learn), geographical factors, culture is one large shared
thing
/.Culture organizes nature - Answershapes nature for our benefit; impose cultural rules
on natural phenomena
/.Culture is shared - Answercommon features and knowledge; same tools for making
assumptions
-alienating behavior= frightening
/.Culture is intergrated - Answer-All connected, interrelated to whole
-Dominant values in many aspects/institutions
/.Culture can be contested - AnswerProtest in attempt to change; always being made
and remade
/.Culture can be adaptive - AnswerAdaptive in specific physical/social environment;
different ways of coping with similar problems
/.Culture can be maladaptive - Answermaladaptive in the long run; global warming and
threaten global community
/.Culture has levels - AnswerInternational and national cultures
/.International Cultures - AnswerTranscend national boundaries; diffuse from one
another; media influence spread and perception
/.National Cultures - AnswerShared by people in a specific nation
/.Subcultures - AnswerDifferent cultural traditions associated with subgroups in the
same complex society
Four Fields of Antrhopology - AnswerCultural, Linguistic, Biological, Archaeological
/.Ethnocentrism - Answerthe error of viewing one's own culture as superior and applying
one's own cultural values in judging people from other cultures
/.Familiarizing Strategies - Answermaking the strange familiar; learning unfamiliar
categories on their own terms; thick and thin descriptions make understanding harder
/.Defamiliarizing Strategies - Answermaking the familiar strange; unsettling what is
taken for granted; give a jolt to deeply ingrained patterns; to enable an ethnographic
descirption
/.Juxtaposition - Answerplacing two things next to each other to see differences; good
way to make culture visible
/.Thin Descriptions - Answersurface level, get past bias, ex:blink with eyes
/.Thick Descriptions - AnswerEventually this becomes a symbol and means more than
the surface level; ex: sexual intent of a wink
/.Universals vs. Particulars - Answerfinding the particular in what appears to some to be
universal; how well do our categories actually transfer over
/.Cultural Particularity - AnswerTrait or feature of culture not generalized of widespread
/.Franz Boas - AnswerPhD in physics, worked in all four fields of anthro; opposed
scientific racism
-argued that cultural forms are the result of local contexts and local histories, not the
result of intrinsic or hierarchical differences between human groups
-"like causes have like effects, but like effects need not have like causes.."
/.Shakespeare in the Bush - Answer-Finding the particular in what appears to be
universal
-British friends say that she cannot understand because she is not British
-Proves by sharing; ex: concepts of the ghosts
/.Bohannan's use of juxtaposition - Answer-form of comparative method to get at this
question
-shows universal is actually culturally specific
-crucial concepts>see limits
/.Bohannan's use of interpretation - Answer-Hamlet: dad died, remarries uncle
-in the other culture this is the best thing that could happen
, /.Bohannan article and Ethnocentrism - Answerone thing all groups have in common
they think their story is right, they think their culture is superior
/.Culture - Answerlearned behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes characteristic of a particular
society or population
/.Culture is learned - AnswerNot inherited or transmitted genetically
/.Enculturation - Answerthe process of learning a culture; learning from experience via
reward/punishment that modifies behavior
/.Cultural Learning - Answerconsciously taught, teaching kids rules parents transmit
culture, observation (watch&learn), geographical factors, culture is one large shared
thing
/.Culture organizes nature - Answershapes nature for our benefit; impose cultural rules
on natural phenomena
/.Culture is shared - Answercommon features and knowledge; same tools for making
assumptions
-alienating behavior= frightening
/.Culture is intergrated - Answer-All connected, interrelated to whole
-Dominant values in many aspects/institutions
/.Culture can be contested - AnswerProtest in attempt to change; always being made
and remade
/.Culture can be adaptive - AnswerAdaptive in specific physical/social environment;
different ways of coping with similar problems
/.Culture can be maladaptive - Answermaladaptive in the long run; global warming and
threaten global community
/.Culture has levels - AnswerInternational and national cultures
/.International Cultures - AnswerTranscend national boundaries; diffuse from one
another; media influence spread and perception
/.National Cultures - AnswerShared by people in a specific nation
/.Subcultures - AnswerDifferent cultural traditions associated with subgroups in the
same complex society
