HOSA NUTRITION CHAPTER 3 -
DIGESTION, ABSORPTION AND
METABOLISM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Metabolism - Answer-The use of the food by the body after digestion
Digestion - Answer-Breakdown of food in the body in preparation for absorption
gastrointestinal (GI) tract - Answer-pertaining to the digestive system
mechanical digestion - Answer-The part of digestion that requires certain mechanical
movements, such as chewing, swallowing, and peristalsis
Peristalsis - Answer-Rhythmical movement of the intestinal tract; moves the chyme
along
chemical digestion - Answer-Chemical changes in foods during digestion caused by
hydrolysis
Hydrolysis - Answer-The addition of water resulting in the breakdown of the molecule
Enzymes - Answer-Organic substances that cause changes in other substances
Catalyst - Answer-A substance that causes another substance to react
Pancreas - Answer-Gland that secretes enzymes essential for digestion and insulin, and
that is essential for glucose metabolism
Bolus - Answer-Food in the mouth that is ready to be swallowed
saliva - Answer-Secretion of the salivary glands
salivary amylase - Answer-Also called ptyalin; the enzyme secreted by the salivary
glands to act on starch
Esophagus - Answer-Tube leading from the mouth to the stomach; part of the
gastrointestinal system
cardiac sphincter - Answer-The muscle at the base of the esophagus that prevents
gastric reflux from moving into the esophagus
DIGESTION, ABSORPTION AND
METABOLISM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Metabolism - Answer-The use of the food by the body after digestion
Digestion - Answer-Breakdown of food in the body in preparation for absorption
gastrointestinal (GI) tract - Answer-pertaining to the digestive system
mechanical digestion - Answer-The part of digestion that requires certain mechanical
movements, such as chewing, swallowing, and peristalsis
Peristalsis - Answer-Rhythmical movement of the intestinal tract; moves the chyme
along
chemical digestion - Answer-Chemical changes in foods during digestion caused by
hydrolysis
Hydrolysis - Answer-The addition of water resulting in the breakdown of the molecule
Enzymes - Answer-Organic substances that cause changes in other substances
Catalyst - Answer-A substance that causes another substance to react
Pancreas - Answer-Gland that secretes enzymes essential for digestion and insulin, and
that is essential for glucose metabolism
Bolus - Answer-Food in the mouth that is ready to be swallowed
saliva - Answer-Secretion of the salivary glands
salivary amylase - Answer-Also called ptyalin; the enzyme secreted by the salivary
glands to act on starch
Esophagus - Answer-Tube leading from the mouth to the stomach; part of the
gastrointestinal system
cardiac sphincter - Answer-The muscle at the base of the esophagus that prevents
gastric reflux from moving into the esophagus
