Chapter 11: Special Populations: Massage for Pregnant and Postpartum Clients,
Infants, Children, Adolescents, Aging Adults, and Those With Visual, Hearing, and
Mobility Impairments
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which term is defined as groups of individuals who, due to a variety of factors, are
disadvantaged, vulnerable, or at risk for harm?
a. Legal cohorts
b. Minors
c. Special populations
d. Victims
ANS: C
Special populations are groups of individuals who, due to a variety of factors, are
disadvantaged, vulnerable, or at risk for harm.
2. Which type of vulnerability is an individual living in an abusive home considered to have?
a. Physical
b. Social
c. Psychological
d. Emotional
ANS: B
T E include
Those with social vulnerabilities S T Bthose
A living
N K inSabusive
E L orL neglectful
E R . families,
C O the
homeless,
M immigrants, min o ri tie s , r ef u ge es , in d iv id u al s
l iving in poverty or who are
economically disadvantaged, and those who are institutionalized.
3. Which type of massage involves modifications of basic techniques and body positions to meet
the needs of women as they undergo changes during the prenatal and postpartum periods?
a. Infant
b. Sports
c. Geriatric
d. Pregnancy
ANS: D
Pregnancy massage involves modification of techniques and body positions to meet the needs
of women as they undergo changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
4. Which effect has research shown massage to have on pregnant women?
a. Decreased sleep
b. Reduced anxiety
c. Increased need for pain medication
d. Increased back and leg pain
ANS: B
, Massage therapy reduced anxiety, improved mood, promoted sleep, decreased back pain and
leg pain, and decreased depression in pregnant women. When massage therapy was used
during labor, labors were, on average, 3 hours shorter in duration and there was less need for
pain medication, women had fewer complications, and their infants had fewer postnatal
complications.
5. Which method should be avoided by pregnant women because they have been linked to neural
tube defects and spontaneous abortion?
a. Hot immersion baths or hot packs
b. Reflexology or any method that manipulates tissues on the foot or hands
c. Side-lying position
d. Exfoliations, which may overstimulate the nervous system and cause premature
labor
ANS: A
Pregnant women should not use hot immersion baths, hot tubs, or spa tubs, as they have been
linked to neural tube defects and spontaneous abortion.
6. Which term describes premature termination of a pregnancy?
a. Preeclampsia
b. Gestation
c. Thrombosis
d. Miscarriage
ANS: D
Miscarriage is the premature termination of a pregnancy and occurs in approximately 20% to
30% of all pregnancies.
7. What is the best course of action if a pregnant client is experiencing any signs or symptoms of
miscarriage?
a. Press on the ankle area that corresponds to the uterus and ovaries in reflexology
b. Postpone massage and make a referral to her obstetrician or health care provider
c. Conduct a thorough evaluation into the primary cause of the signs or symptoms
d. Proceed with the massage in the side-lying position to reduce pain and discomfort
ANS: B
Postpone massage therapy if your client is experiencing any signs or symptoms of miscarriage
or ectopic pregnancy; make a referral to her obstetrician or health care provider who is
managing the pregnancy.
8. Because of decreased clot-dissolving properties and increased clot-producing factors, pregnant
women are at a higher risk for which condition?
a. Deep vein thrombosis
b. Peripheral arterial disease
c. Gestational diabetes
d. Preeclampsia
ANS: A
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is inflammation of a deep vein with blood clot formation.
Because of decreased clot-dissolving properties during pregnancy and increased
clot-producing factors, pregnant women are at a five to six times higher risk for DVT.
Infants, Children, Adolescents, Aging Adults, and Those With Visual, Hearing, and
Mobility Impairments
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which term is defined as groups of individuals who, due to a variety of factors, are
disadvantaged, vulnerable, or at risk for harm?
a. Legal cohorts
b. Minors
c. Special populations
d. Victims
ANS: C
Special populations are groups of individuals who, due to a variety of factors, are
disadvantaged, vulnerable, or at risk for harm.
2. Which type of vulnerability is an individual living in an abusive home considered to have?
a. Physical
b. Social
c. Psychological
d. Emotional
ANS: B
T E include
Those with social vulnerabilities S T Bthose
A living
N K inSabusive
E L orL neglectful
E R . families,
C O the
homeless,
M immigrants, min o ri tie s , r ef u ge es , in d iv id u al s
l iving in poverty or who are
economically disadvantaged, and those who are institutionalized.
3. Which type of massage involves modifications of basic techniques and body positions to meet
the needs of women as they undergo changes during the prenatal and postpartum periods?
a. Infant
b. Sports
c. Geriatric
d. Pregnancy
ANS: D
Pregnancy massage involves modification of techniques and body positions to meet the needs
of women as they undergo changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
4. Which effect has research shown massage to have on pregnant women?
a. Decreased sleep
b. Reduced anxiety
c. Increased need for pain medication
d. Increased back and leg pain
ANS: B
, Massage therapy reduced anxiety, improved mood, promoted sleep, decreased back pain and
leg pain, and decreased depression in pregnant women. When massage therapy was used
during labor, labors were, on average, 3 hours shorter in duration and there was less need for
pain medication, women had fewer complications, and their infants had fewer postnatal
complications.
5. Which method should be avoided by pregnant women because they have been linked to neural
tube defects and spontaneous abortion?
a. Hot immersion baths or hot packs
b. Reflexology or any method that manipulates tissues on the foot or hands
c. Side-lying position
d. Exfoliations, which may overstimulate the nervous system and cause premature
labor
ANS: A
Pregnant women should not use hot immersion baths, hot tubs, or spa tubs, as they have been
linked to neural tube defects and spontaneous abortion.
6. Which term describes premature termination of a pregnancy?
a. Preeclampsia
b. Gestation
c. Thrombosis
d. Miscarriage
ANS: D
Miscarriage is the premature termination of a pregnancy and occurs in approximately 20% to
30% of all pregnancies.
7. What is the best course of action if a pregnant client is experiencing any signs or symptoms of
miscarriage?
a. Press on the ankle area that corresponds to the uterus and ovaries in reflexology
b. Postpone massage and make a referral to her obstetrician or health care provider
c. Conduct a thorough evaluation into the primary cause of the signs or symptoms
d. Proceed with the massage in the side-lying position to reduce pain and discomfort
ANS: B
Postpone massage therapy if your client is experiencing any signs or symptoms of miscarriage
or ectopic pregnancy; make a referral to her obstetrician or health care provider who is
managing the pregnancy.
8. Because of decreased clot-dissolving properties and increased clot-producing factors, pregnant
women are at a higher risk for which condition?
a. Deep vein thrombosis
b. Peripheral arterial disease
c. Gestational diabetes
d. Preeclampsia
ANS: A
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is inflammation of a deep vein with blood clot formation.
Because of decreased clot-dissolving properties during pregnancy and increased
clot-producing factors, pregnant women are at a five to six times higher risk for DVT.
