Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts
of Altered Health States, 4th ed.,
Philadelphia Questions and Answers A+
Guide
Fever and hyperthermia describe conditions in which body temperature is
higher than the normal range. When does hyperthermia occur? - correct
answer✅✅When the body's set point is unchanged, but the temperature
goes up
A client has developed heart failure. The doctor reviews the client's chest x-
ray and notes that the heart has enlarged. The changes in the size and
shape of the heart are the result of: - correct answer✅✅Hypertrophy
Explanation:
Cells adapt to changes in their environment and in their work demands by
changing their size, number, and characteristics. An increase in work results
in cells undergoing hypertrophy and increasing in size. Hyperplasia is an
increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue. A decrease in work
demands or adverse environmental conditions results in cells atrophy, or
reducing in size. Hypoplasia is underdevelopment or incomplete
development of a tissue or an organ
When explaining to a group of parents of school-aged children the
importance of protein intake, the nurse emphasizes which food choices that
contain all essential amino acids in adequate amounts per serving? Select all
that apply. - correct answer✅✅Eggs
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a deficiency of the liver
enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase? - correct answer✅✅Phenylketonuria
A client asks the health care provider if any technology exists to limit faulty
gene activity from producing unwanted disease proteins. The best response
would be: - correct answer✅✅DNA ?
,Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts
of Altered Health States, 4th ed.,
Philadelphia Questions and Answers A+
Guide
A client asks why his temperature is always below 98.6°F. The nurse
responds: - correct answer✅✅Normal core temperature varies between
individuals within the range of 97.0°F to 99.5°F.
Explanation:
Core temperature is normally maintained within a range of 36.0°C to 37.5°C
(97.0°F to 99.5°F). A core temperature greater than 41°C (105.8°F) or less
than 34°C (93.2°F) usually indicates that the body's thermoregulatory ability
is impaired. Body heat is generated in the tissues of the body, transferred to
the skin surface by the blood, and then released into the environment
surrounding the body. The thermoregulatory center regulates the
temperature of the deep body tissues, or "core" of the body, rather than the
surface temperature. Internal core temperatures reach their highest point in
late afternoon and evening and their lowest point in the early morning hours
A biochemical event, such as nucleotide change, deletion, or insertion, that
produces a new allele is called which of the following? - correct
answer✅✅Mutation
A mutation is a biochemical event, such as nucleotide change, deletion, or
insertion, that produces a new allele.
-Polymorphism refers to genes that have more than one normal allele at the
same locus.
-Although gene expression usually follows a dominant or recessive pattern, it
is possible for both alleles of a gene pair to be fully expressed in the
heterozygote. This is codominance.
-When a person inherits a dominant mutant gene, but fails to express it, it is
called reduced penetrance.
, Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts
of Altered Health States, 4th ed.,
Philadelphia Questions and Answers A+
Guide
Which of the following cancers is the leading cause of cancer death? -
correct answer✅✅Lung
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths of men and women in the
United States
The nurse is considering targeting a risk group for preventative education.
Which of the following groups would benefit most from this education? -
correct answer✅✅Obese patients age 20-40
The excess body fat of obesity often significantly impairs health. As a result,
obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States
in adults under age 70, and the third leading cause in all ages, following
smoking and hypertension. It has been predicted that the health effects of
obesity will result in a shorter life expectancy for today's youth.
A client who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation
treatment. The nurse knows that which of the following statements listed
below about potential risks of radiation is most accurate? - correct
answer✅✅"Some clients experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent
to the treatment site."
Chronic radiation dermatitis is a consequence of cancer treatment with
ionizing radiation. Hypocoagulation is not an identified consequence of
radiation exposure, and changes can be both reversible and deeper than the
surface of the skin.
Which statement is true concerning chromosomes? - correct
answer✅✅Each human somatic cell has 23 pairs of different chromosomes
of Altered Health States, 4th ed.,
Philadelphia Questions and Answers A+
Guide
Fever and hyperthermia describe conditions in which body temperature is
higher than the normal range. When does hyperthermia occur? - correct
answer✅✅When the body's set point is unchanged, but the temperature
goes up
A client has developed heart failure. The doctor reviews the client's chest x-
ray and notes that the heart has enlarged. The changes in the size and
shape of the heart are the result of: - correct answer✅✅Hypertrophy
Explanation:
Cells adapt to changes in their environment and in their work demands by
changing their size, number, and characteristics. An increase in work results
in cells undergoing hypertrophy and increasing in size. Hyperplasia is an
increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue. A decrease in work
demands or adverse environmental conditions results in cells atrophy, or
reducing in size. Hypoplasia is underdevelopment or incomplete
development of a tissue or an organ
When explaining to a group of parents of school-aged children the
importance of protein intake, the nurse emphasizes which food choices that
contain all essential amino acids in adequate amounts per serving? Select all
that apply. - correct answer✅✅Eggs
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a deficiency of the liver
enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase? - correct answer✅✅Phenylketonuria
A client asks the health care provider if any technology exists to limit faulty
gene activity from producing unwanted disease proteins. The best response
would be: - correct answer✅✅DNA ?
,Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts
of Altered Health States, 4th ed.,
Philadelphia Questions and Answers A+
Guide
A client asks why his temperature is always below 98.6°F. The nurse
responds: - correct answer✅✅Normal core temperature varies between
individuals within the range of 97.0°F to 99.5°F.
Explanation:
Core temperature is normally maintained within a range of 36.0°C to 37.5°C
(97.0°F to 99.5°F). A core temperature greater than 41°C (105.8°F) or less
than 34°C (93.2°F) usually indicates that the body's thermoregulatory ability
is impaired. Body heat is generated in the tissues of the body, transferred to
the skin surface by the blood, and then released into the environment
surrounding the body. The thermoregulatory center regulates the
temperature of the deep body tissues, or "core" of the body, rather than the
surface temperature. Internal core temperatures reach their highest point in
late afternoon and evening and their lowest point in the early morning hours
A biochemical event, such as nucleotide change, deletion, or insertion, that
produces a new allele is called which of the following? - correct
answer✅✅Mutation
A mutation is a biochemical event, such as nucleotide change, deletion, or
insertion, that produces a new allele.
-Polymorphism refers to genes that have more than one normal allele at the
same locus.
-Although gene expression usually follows a dominant or recessive pattern, it
is possible for both alleles of a gene pair to be fully expressed in the
heterozygote. This is codominance.
-When a person inherits a dominant mutant gene, but fails to express it, it is
called reduced penetrance.
, Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts
of Altered Health States, 4th ed.,
Philadelphia Questions and Answers A+
Guide
Which of the following cancers is the leading cause of cancer death? -
correct answer✅✅Lung
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths of men and women in the
United States
The nurse is considering targeting a risk group for preventative education.
Which of the following groups would benefit most from this education? -
correct answer✅✅Obese patients age 20-40
The excess body fat of obesity often significantly impairs health. As a result,
obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States
in adults under age 70, and the third leading cause in all ages, following
smoking and hypertension. It has been predicted that the health effects of
obesity will result in a shorter life expectancy for today's youth.
A client who has a diagnosis of lung cancer is scheduled to begin radiation
treatment. The nurse knows that which of the following statements listed
below about potential risks of radiation is most accurate? - correct
answer✅✅"Some clients experience longer-term irritation of skin adjacent
to the treatment site."
Chronic radiation dermatitis is a consequence of cancer treatment with
ionizing radiation. Hypocoagulation is not an identified consequence of
radiation exposure, and changes can be both reversible and deeper than the
surface of the skin.
Which statement is true concerning chromosomes? - correct
answer✅✅Each human somatic cell has 23 pairs of different chromosomes
