Test Bank 1
Foundations of Mental Health Care8
1 1 1 1 1
th Edition by Morrison-Valfre
1 1 1
,Chapter 01: The History of Mental Health Care
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MULTIPLE1CHOICE
1. The1belief1of1the1ancient1 Greek1philosopher1Plato1that1the1rational1sou
l1controlled1the1irrational1soulcould1be1compared1with1the1belief1of1the
1more1recent1 psychological1theorist:
a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.
ANS:1 A
Sigmund1Freud1believed1that1mental1illness1was,1in1part,1caused1by1forces1both1within1and1outside1the1
personality.1Philippe1Pinel1advocated1acceptance1of1mentally1ill1individuals1as1human1beings1in1need1of1
medical1assistance.1Alice1Fisher1was1a1Florence1Nightingale1nurse1who1cared1for1the1mentally1ill,1and1
Dr.1Benjamin1Rush1was1the1author1of1the1book1Diseases1of1 the1Mind.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Comprehension OBJ:1 2
TOP:1 Early1Years1of1Mental1Health
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
2. During1the1mid-
1500s,1behaviors1associated1with1mental1illness1were1more1accurately1recorded1by1professionals.1T
his1practice1led1to _1for1different1 abnormal1behaviors.
a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education
ANS:1 A
Classification1of1abnormal1behaviors1did1not1begin1until1this1time,1after1the1practice1of1more1accurate1
recording1of1behaviors1was1begun.1Diagnoses,1treatment1guidelines,1and1any1education1regarding1me
ntal1health1disorders1 were1not1available1during1this1period.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:131TOP:1 Mental1Illness1During1the1Ren
aissance
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
,3. During1the1latter1part1of1the118th1century,1psychiatry1became1a1separate1branch1of1medicine,1and1
inhumane1treatment1 was1greatly1diminished1by1the1French1hospital1director:
a. Dix.
b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.
ANS:1 C
Philippe1Pinel1advocated1acceptance1of1the1mentally1ill,1as1well1as1proper1treatment.1Dorothea1Dix1cru
saded1for1construction1of1mental1health1hospitals.1Clifford1Beers1wrote1the1book1A1Mind1That1Found1
Itself.1President1Jimmy1Carter1established1the1President’s1Commission1on1Mental1Health1in11978.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge OBJ:1 4
TOP:1 Mental1Illness1in1the118th1Century
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
4. In11841,
surveyed1asylums,1jails,1and1almshouses1throughout1the1United1States,1Canada,1and1Scotland1and1is1c
redited1with1bringing1about1public1awareness1and1reform1for1the1care1of1the1mentally1ill.
a. Sigmund1Freud
b. John1Cade
c. Florence1Nightingale
d. Dorothea1Dix
ANS:1 D
Dorothea1Dix1spent1201years1surveying1facilities1that1housed1mentally1ill1individuals1and1is1credited1wit
h1major1changes1in1the1care1of1the1mentally1ill.1Sigmund1Freud1introduced1the1concept1of1psychoanalys
is,1John1Cade1discovered1lithium1carbonate1for1the1treatment1of1bipolar1disorder,1and1Florence1Nightin
gale1trained1nurses1in1England1in1the11800s.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge OBJ:1 4
TOP:1 Mental1Illness1in1the119th1Century
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
5. As1a1direct1result1of1Clifford1Beers’1work1and1book,1A1Mind1That1Found1Itself,1the1Committee1for1
Mental1Hygiene1was1formed1in119091with1a1focus1on1prevention1of1mental1illness1and:
a. early1detection1of1symptoms1of1mental1illness.
b. education1of1caregivers.
c. current1treatment1options.
d. removing1the1stigma1attached1to1mental1illness.
ANS:1 D
Clifford1Beers’1book1reflected1on1his1attempt1at1suicide1followed1by1the1deplorable1care1he1received1for1
the1next131years1in1mental1hospitals.1Beers’1work1and1book1raised1the1consciousness1of1people1through
out1the1country1regarding1prevention1and1removal1of1the1stigma1of1having1a1 mental1illness.
Early1detection1of1symptoms,1education1of1caregivers,1and1current1treatment1options1regarding1mental1ill
ness1were1not1the1focus1of1his1book,1nor1were1they1a1priority1for1the1Committee1for1Mental1Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge OBJ:1 4
, TOP:1 Mental1Illness1in1the120th1Century
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
6. During1the11930s,1what1common1treatment1for1schizophrenia1caused1clients1to1fall1into1a1coma1that1
could1last1as1long1as1501hours?
a. Electroconvulsive1therapy
b. Insulin1therapy
c. Humoral1therapy
d. Amphetamine1therapy
ANS:1 B
Insulin1therapy1was1believed1to1successfully1treat1schizophrenia1in1the1early11900s.1Amphetamines1we
re1used1to1treat1depression,1and1electroconvulsive1therapy1was1used1for1severe1depression.1Humoral1the
rapy,1which1originated1in1ancient1Greece1and1Rome,1was1a1belief1that1mental1illness1resulted1from1an1i
mbalance1of1the1humors1of1air,1fire,1water,1 and1earth.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:1 51TOP:1 Influences1of1War1on1Mental1
Health1Therapies
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
7. In1the11930s,1what1mental1health1disorder1was1electroconvulsive1therapy1(ECT)1most1often1used1to1
treat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar1disorder
c. Severe1depression
d. Violent1behavior
ANS:1 C
ECT1was1found1to1be1an1effective1treatment1for1severe1depression1in1the11930s.1During1this1period,1schiz
ophrenia1was1treated1with1insulin1therapy,1and1violent1behavior1was1treated1with1a1lobotomy.1In11949,1lith
ium1carbonate1was1discovered1as1a1treatment1 for1bipolar1disorder.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:1 51TOP:1 Influences1of1War1on1Mental1
Health1Therapies
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
8. In1the1early120th1century,1a1frontal1lobotomy1was1a1common1treatment1for1violent1behaviors.1Which1
description1of1this1procedure1is1accurate?
a. A1procedure1that1delivers1an1electrical1stimulus1to1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain.
b. A1surgical1procedure1that1drills1holes1in1the1front1of1the1skull1to1drain1fluid.
c. A1surgical1procedure1that1 severs1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain1from1the1thalamus.
d. A1surgical1procedure1that1 inserts1implants1into1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain.
ANS:1 C
A1frontal1lobotomy1is1a1surgical1procedure1in1which1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain1are1severed1from1the1
thalamus.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:1 51TOP:1 Influences1of1War1on1Mental1
Health1Therapies
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
Foundations of Mental Health Care8
1 1 1 1 1
th Edition by Morrison-Valfre
1 1 1
,Chapter 01: The History of Mental Health Care
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MULTIPLE1CHOICE
1. The1belief1of1the1ancient1 Greek1philosopher1Plato1that1the1rational1sou
l1controlled1the1irrational1soulcould1be1compared1with1the1belief1of1the
1more1recent1 psychological1theorist:
a. Freud.
b. Pinel.
c. Fisher.
d. Rush.
ANS:1 A
Sigmund1Freud1believed1that1mental1illness1was,1in1part,1caused1by1forces1both1within1and1outside1the1
personality.1Philippe1Pinel1advocated1acceptance1of1mentally1ill1individuals1as1human1beings1in1need1of1
medical1assistance.1Alice1Fisher1was1a1Florence1Nightingale1nurse1who1cared1for1the1mentally1ill,1and1
Dr.1Benjamin1Rush1was1the1author1of1the1book1Diseases1of1 the1Mind.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Comprehension OBJ:1 2
TOP:1 Early1Years1of1Mental1Health
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
2. During1the1mid-
1500s,1behaviors1associated1with1mental1illness1were1more1accurately1recorded1by1professionals.1T
his1practice1led1to _1for1different1 abnormal1behaviors.
a. classifications
b. diagnosing
c. treatment
d. education
ANS:1 A
Classification1of1abnormal1behaviors1did1not1begin1until1this1time,1after1the1practice1of1more1accurate1
recording1of1behaviors1was1begun.1Diagnoses,1treatment1guidelines,1and1any1education1regarding1me
ntal1health1disorders1 were1not1available1during1this1period.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:131TOP:1 Mental1Illness1During1the1Ren
aissance
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
,3. During1the1latter1part1of1the118th1century,1psychiatry1became1a1separate1branch1of1medicine,1and1
inhumane1treatment1 was1greatly1diminished1by1the1French1hospital1director:
a. Dix.
b. Beers.
c. Pinel.
d. Carter.
ANS:1 C
Philippe1Pinel1advocated1acceptance1of1the1mentally1ill,1as1well1as1proper1treatment.1Dorothea1Dix1cru
saded1for1construction1of1mental1health1hospitals.1Clifford1Beers1wrote1the1book1A1Mind1That1Found1
Itself.1President1Jimmy1Carter1established1the1President’s1Commission1on1Mental1Health1in11978.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge OBJ:1 4
TOP:1 Mental1Illness1in1the118th1Century
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
4. In11841,
surveyed1asylums,1jails,1and1almshouses1throughout1the1United1States,1Canada,1and1Scotland1and1is1c
redited1with1bringing1about1public1awareness1and1reform1for1the1care1of1the1mentally1ill.
a. Sigmund1Freud
b. John1Cade
c. Florence1Nightingale
d. Dorothea1Dix
ANS:1 D
Dorothea1Dix1spent1201years1surveying1facilities1that1housed1mentally1ill1individuals1and1is1credited1wit
h1major1changes1in1the1care1of1the1mentally1ill.1Sigmund1Freud1introduced1the1concept1of1psychoanalys
is,1John1Cade1discovered1lithium1carbonate1for1the1treatment1of1bipolar1disorder,1and1Florence1Nightin
gale1trained1nurses1in1England1in1the11800s.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge OBJ:1 4
TOP:1 Mental1Illness1in1the119th1Century
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
5. As1a1direct1result1of1Clifford1Beers’1work1and1book,1A1Mind1That1Found1Itself,1the1Committee1for1
Mental1Hygiene1was1formed1in119091with1a1focus1on1prevention1of1mental1illness1and:
a. early1detection1of1symptoms1of1mental1illness.
b. education1of1caregivers.
c. current1treatment1options.
d. removing1the1stigma1attached1to1mental1illness.
ANS:1 D
Clifford1Beers’1book1reflected1on1his1attempt1at1suicide1followed1by1the1deplorable1care1he1received1for1
the1next131years1in1mental1hospitals.1Beers’1work1and1book1raised1the1consciousness1of1people1through
out1the1country1regarding1prevention1and1removal1of1the1stigma1of1having1a1 mental1illness.
Early1detection1of1symptoms,1education1of1caregivers,1and1current1treatment1options1regarding1mental1ill
ness1were1not1the1focus1of1his1book,1nor1were1they1a1priority1for1the1Committee1for1Mental1Hygiene.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge OBJ:1 4
, TOP:1 Mental1Illness1in1the120th1Century
KEY:1Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessmen
t1MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
6. During1the11930s,1what1common1treatment1for1schizophrenia1caused1clients1to1fall1into1a1coma1that1
could1last1as1long1as1501hours?
a. Electroconvulsive1therapy
b. Insulin1therapy
c. Humoral1therapy
d. Amphetamine1therapy
ANS:1 B
Insulin1therapy1was1believed1to1successfully1treat1schizophrenia1in1the1early11900s.1Amphetamines1we
re1used1to1treat1depression,1and1electroconvulsive1therapy1was1used1for1severe1depression.1Humoral1the
rapy,1which1originated1in1ancient1Greece1and1Rome,1was1a1belief1that1mental1illness1resulted1from1an1i
mbalance1of1the1humors1of1air,1fire,1water,1 and1earth.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:1 51TOP:1 Influences1of1War1on1Mental1
Health1Therapies
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
7. In1the11930s,1what1mental1health1disorder1was1electroconvulsive1therapy1(ECT)1most1often1used1to1
treat?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar1disorder
c. Severe1depression
d. Violent1behavior
ANS:1 C
ECT1was1found1to1be1an1effective1treatment1for1severe1depression1in1the11930s.1During1this1period,1schiz
ophrenia1was1treated1with1insulin1therapy,1and1violent1behavior1was1treated1with1a1lobotomy.1In11949,1lith
ium1carbonate1was1discovered1as1a1treatment1 for1bipolar1disorder.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:1 51TOP:1 Influences1of1War1on1Mental1
Health1Therapies
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
8. In1the1early120th1century,1a1frontal1lobotomy1was1a1common1treatment1for1violent1behaviors.1Which1
description1of1this1procedure1is1accurate?
a. A1procedure1that1delivers1an1electrical1stimulus1to1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain.
b. A1surgical1procedure1that1drills1holes1in1the1front1of1the1skull1to1drain1fluid.
c. A1surgical1procedure1that1 severs1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain1from1the1thalamus.
d. A1surgical1procedure1that1 inserts1implants1into1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain.
ANS:1 C
A1frontal1lobotomy1is1a1surgical1procedure1in1which1the1frontal1lobes1of1the1brain1are1severed1from1the1
thalamus.
DIF: Cognitive1Level:1Knowledge
OBJ:1 51TOP:1 Influences1of1War1on1Mental1
Health1Therapies
KEY:1 Nursing1Process1Step:1Assessment MSC:1 Client1Needs:1Psychosocial1Integrity
